Federer's early career included roles as Associate Geneticist on the Guayule Research Project for the
United States Department of Agriculture in
Salinas, California, and as Associate Statistician with the
Agricultural Marketing Service in
Ames, Iowa, while completing his doctoral studies. He is best known for his long and influential career at Cornell University, where he served as Professor of Biological Statistics in the College of Agricultural and Life Sciences. He joined the department in 1948 after completing his Ph.D. studies and stayed for 60 years. Federer founded the Biometrics Unit in the Department of Plant Breeding and was chair of the unit for 29 years. In 1978, he was awarded the
Liberty Hyde Bailey Professor of Statistics Chair. After retiring in 1986, he took
emeritus professor status and continued teaching, consulting and researching for another 22 years. Federer was an elected fellow of the
American Statistical Association, the
American Association for the Advancement of Science, the
Royal Statistical Society, and the
Institute of Mathematical Statistics. He was an elected member of the
International Statistical Institute. Among many services to his profession, Federer was president of the Eastern North American Region (ENAR) of the
International Biometric Society and was chairman and executive secretary of the
Committee of Presidents of Statistical Societies. Federer was a strong advocate of the synergy between research, teaching and consulting in academia and his own work concentrated on
experiment and treatment design,
analysis of variance, and the application of statistical methodology. After he became emeritus professor, at the age of 70, he taught himself how to use modern computers, programming in
Gauss,
Mathematica and
SAS. Throughout his career he published about 900 articles and nine textbooks. His first book,
Experimental Design: Theory and Application, "...became a major scholarly contribution and served as a day-to-day tool of statistical practice for innumerable researchers in agriculture and other fields." ==Personal life==