Zhao Tingyang graduated from
Renmin University of China and
Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, and is now a professor in the Institute of Philosophy at the
Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and is a
senior fellow of
Peking University Berggruen Research Institute. He was also a Pusey Distinguished Fellow at the
Harvard–Yenching Institute in 2013. According to Zhao's reconstruction of the
tianxia system,
tianxia presupposed "inclusion of all" and implied acceptance of the world's diversities, emphasizing harmonious reciprocal dependence and ruled by virtue as a means for lasting peace. == Political stance ==