Miller entered the Department of State in November 1978 as an historian in the
Bureau of Public Affairs Office of the Historian, where he edited the documentary series
Foreign Relations of the United States. In November 1980, he worked as an analyst for Lebanon and the Palestinians in the State Department's Bureau of Intelligence and Research (INR). Awarded an International Affairs Fellowship by the
Council on Foreign Relations, he spent 1982–83 at the
Center for Strategic and International Studies and the CFR in New York, where he wrote his second book,
The PLO and the Politics of Survival. The following year he returned to INR and served a temporary tour at the U.S. Embassy in
Amman, Jordan, before joining the Secretary of State's Policy Planning Staff in 1985. Between 1985 and 1993, Miller advised Secretaries of State
George Shultz and
James Baker. He helped Baker plan the
Madrid peace conference of October 1991. In June 1993, Miller was appointed Deputy Special Middle East Coordinator. For the next seven years, he worked as part of a small interagency team where he helped structure the U.S. role in Arab–Israeli negotiations through the
Oslo process, multilateral Arab–Israeli economic summits, the
Israeli–Jordanian peace treaty, and final status negotiations between Israel and Syria and between Israel and the Palestinians at
Camp David in July 2000. Miller continued work on Arab–Israeli issues in the
George W. Bush administration, serving as the senior advisor on Arab–Israeli negotiations in the
Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs to Secretary of State
Colin Powell. He resigned from the Department of State in January 2003 to become president of Seeds of Peace. == After government ==