MarketAntonio da Rho
Company Profile

Antonio da Rho

Antonio da Rho (1395–1447) was a Milanese Franciscan humanist.

Life
Of humble origins, Rho received an early education under around 1402. Rho joined the Franciscan Order at the age of eighteen in 1413. A native of Milan, he probably joined at San Francesco Grande. As a postulant, he studied dialectic in Padua from 1414 to 1417. One of his first teachers was Jacopo da Forlì. He studied theology at the convent of Sant'Antonio in Padua, graduating with a master's degree in 1423. He immediately took up a professorship of theology at San Francesco Grande, where he taught for the rest of his life. In 1427, he was passed over for appointment to an open chair of theology at Milan Cathedral. In 1430, he succeeded to Gasparino Barzizza's chair of rhetoric at San Francesco. Rho subsequently left Milan on only three known occasions. In 1425, he visited his sister in Brescia. Sometime before 1428, he visited the Visconti Library in Pavia. Between 1429 and 1432, he engaged in polemics, including exchanges of epigrams, with Antonio Beccadelli over the latter's erotic Hermaphroditus, which he considered bad art. Sometime before 1430, he began serving as the court orator of Duke Filippo Maria Visconti, delivering the annual oration on the anniversary of his accession (June 16). He was still performing this service as late as about 1444. In 1433, Lorenzo Valla praised his secular learning and spiritual wisdom. He made Rho the model of Christian preaching in his . In 1436, Rho attended the Council of Basel as one "proficient in both languages". In 1439, he was a ducal judge dlegate in a case involving the Humiliati. In 1444, he gave the funeral oration for the mercenary captain Niccolò Piccinino. In 1445, Nicolò Arcimboldi wrote to Rho claiming that "all who contemplate the salvation of their soul flock to you alone as though to the city's oracle." In 1446, he was one of a small group of spiritual advisors to Filippo Maria Visconti during a crisis of conscience. Rho's health is recorded as failing in 1444–1446. He probably died in 1447, although older sources often give a date of 1450. He was deceased when Flavio Biondo wrote his Italia illustrata in 1453. ==Works==
Works
Rho's works in Latin include: • [Apology against a Certain Archdeacon and his Loathsome Sycophant Accomplices] (1428) • (1430–1431) • (1431–1436) • [Genealogy of the Scipios and Catos] (by 1432) • [Philippic against Antonio Panormita] (1432) • or (1433–1443) • (1433–1443) • [Rhetorical Imitations] (1433–1443) • [Three Dialogues against Lactantius] (1442–1445) • • • In addition, there survives a manuscript fragment of a quodlibetal disputation, nine orations, over twelve letters and some poems. Rho also translated Suetonius' Lives of the Caesars into the Italian vernacular. The , a biography of Homer, has sometimes been attributed to Rho. It is actually the work of his friend, Pier Candido Decembrio, dedicated to Rho. Apology The Apology was written in 1428 in response to his being passed over for the chair in theology at Milan Cathedral. The Milanese clergy considered him too ignorant in theology because of his devotion to humanistic learning (). In the Apology, Rho describes becoming "enthralled" to the humanities during his time in Padua. He provides an account of authors and works he had read, both ancient and modern, among them: • Aristotle, RhetoricCicero • • Julius CaesarQuintus CurtiusValerius MaximusPliny the ElderPliny the YoungerSeneca the YoungerSuetoniusPlutarch (in Leonardo Bruni's translation) • TacitusFlorusLivyJosephusEusebius of CaesareaJustin, Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius TrogusOrosiusApuleiusMartianus Capella, Marriage of Philology and MercuryGaius Marius Victorinus, commentary on • LactantiusMacrobiusVegetiusFrontinus • ?Alain of Lille, commentary on • Giles of Rome, commentary on the Rhetoric • ?Peter of Blois, On the Rhetorical Art of SpeakingDante Alighieri, The Divine ComedyPetrarchGiovanni BoccaccioColuccio SalutatiPoggio BraccioliniGuarino Veronese • • Francesco BarbaroLeonardo Giustiniani The Apology was addressed to Antonio Massa, master general of the Franciscan Order. Rhetorical Imitations Rhetorical Imitations is a work of Latin lexicography. It contains synonyms, idiomatic expressions and short essays presented alphabetically. First put together in 1433, it was augmented repeatedly until 1443. It survives in six manuscripts, but has never been printed. The Imitations was the cause of a rupture in the previously good relationship between Rho and Valla. In one place, Rho criticizes a passage of Valla's as erroneous and ridicules him as a mere "elementary school teacher". Valla took exception and accused Rho of plagiarism. After Rho's death, he circulated note, , attacking many of Rho's analyses. He published the note as part of his . Three Dialogues against Lactantius The Three Dialogues against Lactantius was written between early 1442 and the summer of 1445. A dedication copy was presented to Pope Eugene IV. It is still preserved in the Vatican Library. A deluxe illuminated manuscript, its production was probably financed by Count Vitaliano Borromeo. The Dialogues is a work of fiction. The setting is Pentecost in the garden of San Francesco Grande. The discussions take place over three days. The year is 1444. The main interlocutors in the dialogue are Pier Candido Decembrio and Nicolò Arcimboldi, but Rho himself, Francesco Barbaro, Vitaliano Borromeo, and Biagio Ghiglini also play smaller roles. They were all acquaintances of Rho in real life. In the Dialogues, Rho criticises the doctrinal errors of Lactantius. His choice of the spelling Lactentius rather than the more common Lactantius was intended to signify that Lactantius was a "babe in Christ", since Latin was considered to mean "receiving milk", while meant "producing milk". The name Lactantius was a sobriquet paying compliment to its bearer's eloquence, since eloquent speech was often consider "milky". ==References==
tickerdossier.comtickerdossier.substack.com