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Baashha

Baashha (transl. Emperor) is a 1995 Indian Tamil-language gangster action film written and directed by Suresh Krissna. The film stars Rajinikanth, Nagma and Raghuvaran, with Janagaraj, Devan, Shashi Kumar, Vijayakumar, Anandaraj, Charan Raj, Kitty, Sathyapriya, Shenbaga and Yuvarani in supporting roles. It revolves around an auto rickshaw driver who maintains a humble exterior and avoids violence but conceals a dark past from his family.

Plot
Manikam is a humble auto rickshaw driver who lives in Madras with his mother Vijayalakshmi, brother Shiva, and sisters Geetha and Kavitha, and would go to any extent for their well-being. He gets Kavitha married to her boyfriend, who is from an affluent family. Shiva manages to become an SI. On seeing Manikam's photo, DIG Dinakar, who interviewed Shiva, wants to meet Manikam. Manikam hesitates to meet Dinakar in his office, where Dinakar suspects Manikam's identity. Geetha gets admission to a medical college, but the chairman asks her for sexual favours in return for a seat. Manikam interferes and tells the chairman something behind closed doors that Geetha cannot hear, after which the chairman unconditionally gives a seat to Geetha. Meanwhile, Priya travels in Manikam's auto frequently and develops a liking towards him, seeing his good character. Priya discovers that her father is a smuggler and decides to maintain a distance from him. Priya proposes her love to Manikam but initially, he does not accept upon learning that she is the daughter of Kesavan, with whom Manikam has a history. However, he eventually accepts her proposal. Indiran is a gangster who uses his henchmen to collect "commission" from all business owners. When Shiva beats two of Indiran's henchmen who attacked a man for not being able to pay commission, Indiran tells Shiva that he runs that area and his laws apply. Shiva and Indiran's fight is stopped by Manikam, who requests that Indiran beat him instead, sparing Shiva. Manikam is tied to a pole and beaten by Indiran, but he bears it for the sake of his brother without retaliating. Later, Shiva again takes action against Indiran by submitting an arrest warrant which makes him furious again. This time after his release from jail, Indiran kidnaps Geetha and tries to molest her in public. To everyone's surprise, Manikam beats up Indiran and his men, thereby saving his sister. The beating of Indiran and his henchmen is so severe that it shocks Shiva. He confronts Manikam about his activities in Bombay where he previously lived years ago, but Manikam does not respond. Alone in a room, Manikam recollects his past. Years ago, Manikam lived with his parents in Bombay while his siblings were studying in Madras. Manikam's father, Rangasamy, is an honest man, but is employed by gangster, Mark Antony. As Antony helped Rangasamy during his initial days, it made him loyal to Antony for life. Manikam and his friend Anwar Baasha are protesting against the ridiculous behaviours of Antony's men, which prompts Antony to kill Anwar; Manikam is spared as he is Rangasamy's son. Enraged, Manikam decides to take the same path to destroy Antony and kills Antony's hitmen to avenge Anwar's death. Manikam receives the support of local people in Bombay who fear Antony where he transforms himself into a gangster named Manik Baashha and frequently interferes in Antony's illegal activities, which creates enmity between the two. Baashha's command over the city has increased, so Antony decides to kill Baashha, but Baashha escapes from Antony's plan. Enraged, Antony kills Rangasamy, prompting Baashha to help the police arrest Antony, while Kesavan (who is Antony's henchman) kills Antony's family and inherits his business and wealth. Before dying, Rangasamy requests Baashha to return to Madras and start a peaceful life. Baashha accepts, fakes his death, and secretly leaves to Madras along with Vijayalakshmi. In the present, Manikam learns that Kesavan has arranged Priya's wedding against her wishes, so he arrives at the wedding hall to stop it. Kesavan is shocked to see Manikam, who he recognises as Baashha, and permits Priya to go along with Manikam. On learning that Baashha is alive, Antony escapes from prison, kills Kesavan for betraying him, and also kidnaps Manikam's family members. He threatens Manikam to surrender; otherwise, his family members will be killed. Manikam rushes to the spot, fights Antony and his gang, and also saves his family. He nearly kills Antony but is stopped by Dinakar. Antony then steals Dinakar's gun and tries to shoot Manikam, but is shot dead by Shiva. Manikam and Priya reunite. == Cast ==
Production
Development During the making of the Hindi film Hum (1991), its director Mukul S. Anand had considered and discussed with Rajinikanth a potential scene, where Shekhar (Amitabh Bachchan) would help his younger brother Vijay (Govinda) get a seat in the Police Academy. Anand discarded the scene because he did not find it suitable, but Rajinikanth felt it had the potential to develop into a script for a feature film. On the sets of Annaamalai (1992), Rajinikanth and its director Suresh Krissna discussed the scene, which Krissna also found to be interesting. The title Baashha was suggested by Rajinikanth to Krissna, who suggested to Rajinikanth that a Muslim connection to the script was needed. Krissna brought up the subject again to Rajinikanth during the making of Veera (1994), but Rajinikanth wanted to discuss the script only after completing Veera. The discarded scene from Hum became the foundation for Baashha where Rajinikanth's character in the film, Manikkam, helps his sister Geetha (Yuvarani) get admission to the medical college she had applied for. Krissna planned to weave the rest of the film's story around the scene. Though Manikkam was initially considered to be written as a bus conductor, the "auto driver was the commonest man around. And Rajini liked the idea". Development regarding the film's script commenced in the Taj Banjara hotel in Hyderabad. Eighty percent of the script, including the flashback portions of Rajinikanth as Baashha, was ready in ten days. Balakumaran was selected to write the film's dialogues. The entire team of technicians who had worked with Krissna in Annaamalai, including music composer Deva, returned to work with him for Baashha. Casting and filming Nagma was the first and only choice for the role of the heroine Priya after Krissna was impressed with her performance in Kaadhalan (1994). Krissna considered some Bollywood names for the role of the antagonist Mark Antony, but nothing worked out. He then thought Raghuvaran would be a good fit, considering his tall height and deep voice. Rajinikanth also readily agreed to this proposal. Krissna met Raghuvaran at his residence and explained the role. Raghuvaran was excited and agreed to play Antony. Anandaraj was approached for an undisclosed role, later revealed to be Indiran; Rajinikanth told him the role required him to beat Manikkam who is tied to a pole, and Anandaraj agreed. According to Anandaraj, he was approached 10 days before filming ended. == Music ==
Music
The film’s soundtrack and background music were composed by Deva, in collaboration with his brothers Sabesh–Murali, who worked as film assistant composers, with lyrics by Vairamuthu. Due to the popularity of rap music at the time, Deva wanted the introduction song to reflect the style of the Boney M. group and composed a tune accordingly, but it did not suit Rajinikanth's cinematic style. Deva then rendered a tune with dummy lyrics based on the gaana genre during the composing session and sang a few lines to Krissna, Rajinikanth, and others: "Kappal meledora paaru, Dora kezhey aaya paaru, Aaya kayila kozhandahai paaru" (. All, especially Rajinikanth, were impressed by the tune and style, which laid the foundation for the song "Naan Autokaaran, Autokaaran." Vairamuthu wrote the lyrics for the song in just ten minutes and the recording for the song was done by Deva. For the next song, "Ra Ra Ramaiya" Vairamuthu compiled the lyrics in eight minutes. The third song "Style Style Thaan" is partly based on the James Bond Theme. The song "Azhagu" is based on the Hindi song "Dilbar Dil Se Pyaare", composed by R. D. Burman for Caravan (1971). The theme music of Baashha is based on the theme of Terminator 2: Judgment Day (1991), while a sample of Enigma's "Carly's Song" was used as the theme of Mark Anthony. The music rights were acquired by AVM Audio for , at a time when most soundtracks by Deva were sold for or . The soundtrack was a large success, and all the numbers were chartbusters. A special function was held at Hotel Chola Sheraton to celebrate the success of the film's soundtrack. Rajinikanth was presented a platinum disc on the occasion. == Release ==
Release
Baashha was released theatrically on 12 January 1995, two days before Pongal. It was released with 18 prints in North Arcot, South Arcot and Chengalpet areas. The film was a major success, and took nearly 15 months to complete its entire theatrical run. For his performance, Rajinikanth won the Filmfans Association Award and the Cinema Express Award for Best Actor. == Reception ==
Reception
On 13 January 1995, a review from The Hindu said, "Rajini blossoms fully to portray two different characters, a former dada of Bombay and a docile peace-loving auto driver in Tamil Nadu, trying not to fall back on his old ways and finding it difficult to do so when force of circumstances pressure him" and that Suresh Krishna "has fashioned his screenplay to suit the image of Rajini and the taste of his fans and the songs and sequences are fashioned to boost the image of the hero". On 29 January, Ananda Vikatan said the director had intelligently created scenes to present Rajinikanth with full honour, also noting that Rajinikanth had taken the majestic form in the film through his acting and action sequences, and that made the film a treat to watch. R. P. R. of Kalki wrote that fans had come to a stage where they enjoy whatever Rajinikanth does, and encouraged the director to try something different next time. == Legacy ==
Legacy
Baashha attained cult status in Tamil cinema, and was remade in Kannada as Kotigobba (2001). In May 2007, K. Balamurugan of Rediff.com ranked the film tenth in his list of "Rajni's Tamil Top 10" films. In October 2008, Outlook included Rajinikanth's dialogue "" in its list, "13 Cheesiest, Chalkiest Lines in Indian Cinema". The line was also used in "The Punch Song", a song from the film, Aaha Kalyanam (2014). When stand-up comedian and television anchor Bosskey launched a play titled Dada (Don) in October 2005, he named the cast after famous characters in Tamil films. Accordingly, Anniyan (one of Vikram's characters in the film), Baasha (Rajinikanth's character in the film) and Velu Nayakkar (Kamal Haasan's role in Nayakan) play the central characters of a family of brothers. Maanik Baashha was imitated by Indrans in the Malayalam film Three Men Army (1995), by Dhamu in Aasai (1995), by Rangayana Raghu in the Kannada film Rama Rama Raghurama (2011) and by Rajendran in Bruce Lee (2017), which was initially titled Baasha Engira Antony. A dialogue from the film, "Enakku Innoru Per Irukku" (I have another name) was used as the title of a 2016 film, while other films titled Antony (2018), Maanik (2019) and Mark Antony (2023) inspired by the lead characters were also released. In 2002, the Telugu film Khadgam was dubbed and released in Tamil as Thiru Manick Baasha. In 2008, the Malayalam film Big B was dubbed and released in Tamil as Maanik Baasha. The rivalry between Manik Baasha and Mark Antony became iconic, and was referenced in the song "Engadi Porandha" from Vanakkam Chennai (2013). After the release of Padayappa (1999), Rajinikanth and Suresh Krissna discussed the possibility of making a sequel to Baashha. Ultimately, they felt that Baashha was inimitablenot even a sequel could equal it. == Re-releases ==
Re-releases
The Hindi-dubbed version of Baashha was released on 25 May 2012, after being digitally restored. A digitally restored version of the Tamil original was released on 3 March 2017. It features numerous Ola Cabs stickers digitally inserted on to auto rickshaws due to a partnership between the producers and Ola Cabs. A month later, Ola announced the "Ola Baasha Mela", described as India's first and "largest Auto Driver Partners' Mela", which took place from 8 to 10 April in Chennai. A remastered version was released on 18 July 2025. == Notes ==
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