•
Fabijan Abrantovich, Catholic priest and a pro-independence activist from
Belarus •
Anna Abrikosova,
nun of the
Dominican Order and prominent figure in the
Catholic Church in Russia •
Andrei Amalrik, Russian historian and famed dissident during the 1960s; author of "Will the Soviet Union Survive Until 1984" •
Władysław Anders, Polish general and prime minister •
Isaak Babel, writer, killed in 1940 •
Aron Baron, Ukrainian
anarchist •
Mieczysław Boruta-Spiechowicz, Polish general and one of the leaders of anti-communist opposition in the 1970s •
Alikhan Bukeikhanov, Kazakh statesman •
Walerian Czuma, Polish general •
Felix Dzerzhinsky,
Cheka founder •
Vladimir Dzhunkovsky, Russian statesman •
Yuli-Yoel Edelstein, One of the most prominent
refuseniks in the Soviet Union who later moved to Israel and became
Speaker of the Knesset. •
Blessed Leonid Feodorov,
Exarch and reputed
bishop of the
Russian Greek Catholic Church •
Rashid Khan Gaplanov,
Education and
Finance Minister of
Azerbaijan Democratic Republic •
Yevgenia Ginzburg, author of
Journey into the Whirlwind and
Within the Whirlwind; mother of the writer
Vasili Aksyonov; her books tell of her arrest during the 1937 purges in the city of
Kazan, where she worked as a leading member of the local Communist Party structures of Tartary •
Filipp Goloshchyokin, Soviet politician and party leader, was briefly held in Butyrka and sent to Kuibyshev and shot there in October 1941 •
Sergey Golovkin, serial killer and the last person to be executed in Russia •
Anatoli Granovsky, NKVD agent and (later) defector •
Dmitry Pavlovich Grigorovich, aircraft designer •
Vladimir Gusinsky, led to the "shares for freedom" transaction or Protocol No.6 (Протокол N.6. Доля свободы) that was signed by
Minister for Press, Broadcasting and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation,
Mikhail Lesin •
Werner Haase, one of Adolf Hitler's personal physicians, died in captivity in 1950 •
Heinz Hitler, German dictator Adolf Hitler's favorite nephew, died after several days of torture in 1942 •
Vladimir Ionesyan, spree killer executed in 1964 •
Vyacheslav Ivankov, mob boss and
thief in law •
Aleksandr Ivanov-Sukharevsky, far right politician and leader of the Peoples National Party (NNP) •
Bruno Jasieński,
Polish poet and
futurist, killed in 1938 •
Elena Karpuchina, the
1967 World Rhythmic Gymnastics Champion, born in 1951 and spent her first two years living in Butyrki until her mother's pardon in 1953 •
Aleksandr Kokorin, Russian footballer •
Sergei Korolev, Russian rocket and spacecraft designer •
Walter Linse, German human rights lawyer kidnapped in the American sector of Berlin in July 1952, executed 15 December 1953 •
Alexander Litvinenko •
Blessed Zygmunt Łoziński, Catholic bishop of
Minsk •
Sergei Magnitsky, lawyer, whose 2009 death in
Matrosskaya Tishina Prison led to a 2009 Russian law forbidding jailing of tax criminals and also to the
Magnitsky Act being passed by the
US Congress in 2012. •
Nestor Makhno, Ukrainian
anarchist •
Pavel Mamayev, Russian footballer •
Vladimir Mayakovsky, poet •
Günther Merk, SS-
Brigadeführer and war criminal, executed in January 1947 •
Leopold Okulicki, Polish general, last commander of the
Armia Krajowa, killed in Butyrki in 1946 •
Konstantin Päts, president of the Republic of Estonia when it became
occupied by the
Soviet Union in 1940 •
Unto Parvilahti, SS-Officer •
Nikolai Polikarpov, Soviet aeronautical engineer •
Yevgeny Polivanov, Soviet linguist, orientalist and polyglot who was executed in 1938 •
Yemelyan Pugachev, pretender to the Russian throne and leader of a
Cossack insurrection in 1773–1774 •
Iosif Rebelsky, Soviet psychiatrist, psychologist, educator, professor •
Varlam Shalamov, writer and soviet dissident; wrote
The Kolyma Tales •
Kazys Skučas, Lithuanian politician and general of the Lithuanian Army •
Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn,
Nobel Prize laureate, writer and dissident; wrote
The Gulag Archipelago and
One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich •
Elena Stasova, Russian communist •
Karlo Štajner, Yugoslav communist activist and writer •
Baruch Steinberg, Chief Rabbi of the Polish Army •
Léon Theremin, a pioneer of electronic music, the inventor of the
theremin and an electronic eavesdropping
bug •
Sergei Tretyakov,
Avant-Garde playwright during the 1920s; apparently threw himself down a prison stairwell to avoid execution •
Augustinas Voldemaras, once the prime minister of
Lithuania, died in this prison after Lithuania was
occupied by the
Soviet Union in 1940 •
Avgustyn Voloshyn, former president of
Carpatho-Ukraine, died in Butyrka in 1945 •
Helmuth Weidling, German
Wehrmacht general and last commandant of Berlin, died in custody in 1955 •
Jonas Žemaitis, Lithuanian general, head of the Lithuanian
anti-Soviet partisan forces after World War II, shot to death in 1953; later recognized as the fourth President of Lithuania in 2009 •
Abba Gordin, anarchist ==References==