•
ʿAbdullah (I) bin Rashīd (; 1836–48). Abdullah bin Rashid came to power after leading a revolt (together with his brother prince ʿUbayd Al Rashīd) against the ruler of Ha'il, Muhammad bin Ali, who was a fellow member of the Jaafar al-Shammari lineage. As a leader, Abdullah was praised for bringing peace and stability both to Ha'il and to the surrounding region. Abdullah demanded from his brother prince ʿUbayd an
ahd (covenant), according to which succession to the office of amir would remain in Abdullah's line. •
Ṭalāl bin ʿAbdullah (; 1848–68). The son of Abdullah, Talal is remembered for his relative liberalism and interest in building projects. During his rule, the
Barzan Palace in Ha'il was completed. He established regular trade connections with Iraq and expanded the Rashīdi sphere of influence:"The inhabitants of Kaseem, weary of
Wahhabee tyranny, turned their eyes towards Telal, who had already given a generous and inviolable asylum to the numerous political exiles of that district. Secret negotiations took place, and at a favourable moment the entire uplands of that province—after a fashion not indeed peculiar to Arabia—annexed themselves to the kingdom of Shammar by universal and unanimous suffrage." (
William Gifford Palgrave, 1865: 129.) Talal was considered relatively tolerant towards foreigners, including traders in Ha'il: "Many of these traders belonged to the
Shia sect, hated by some
Sunni, doubly hated by the Wahabees. But Telal [sic] affected not to perceive their religious discrepansies, and silenced all murmurs by marks of special favour towards these very dissenters, and also by the advantages which their presence was not long in procuring for the town". (William Gifford Palgrave 1865: 130.) In the 1860s, internal disputes in the House of Saud allowed a Rashīd/
Ottoman alliance to oust them. The Rashīd occupied the Saudi capital of
Riyadh in 1865 and forced the leaders of the House of Saud into exile. Talal later died in a shooting incident which has been termed "mysterious". Charles Doughty, in his book
Travels in Arabia Deserta, writes that Talal committed suicide. Talal left seven sons, but the oldest, Bandar, was only 18 or 20 when his father died. • (; 1868–69). A younger brother of Talal, he was supported by senior members of the Rashīd family and the sheikhs of the Shammar sections. After only a year, he was shot and killed in the Barzan Palace by his nephew and next amir, Bandar. Doughty's version of the events is that Bandar and Badr, the second-oldest son, cast a silver bullet to kill their uncle because they knew he wore an amulet that protected him against lead. •
Bandar bin Talal (; 1869). Ruled for only a short time before he was killed by his uncle, Muḥammad. Bandar reportedly married his uncle's widow and had a son by her. •
Muḥammad bin ʿAbdullah; 1869–97). A confrontation outside Ha'il with his nephew, the young Amir Bandar, ended with Muhammed killing Bandar. Muhammed then continued his journey to Ha'il and announced himself as the new amir. In order to prevent the possibility of revenge, Muhammed gave orders for the execution of all of Bandar's brothers (the sons of Talal), Bandar's cousins (the children of Talal's sister), and their slaves and servants. Only one of Talal's sons, Naif, survived. In spite of the inauspicious beginning, his rule turned out to be the longest in the history of the Rashīdi dynasty. His rule became "a period of stability, expansion and prosperity" (ref.: p. 61, Al Rashīd). His expansion reached
al-Jawf and
Palmyra to the north and
Tayma and
Khaybar to the west. In 1891, after a rebellion,
ʿAbd al-Rahman bin Faysal bin Turki Al Saud left Riyadh. The
Saudi family, including the ten-year-old
Abdul Aziz Al-Saud, went into exile in
Kuwait. •
ʿAbdulazīz bin Mutaib (; 1897–1906). A son of Mutʿib, the third amir, he was adopted by his uncle Muhammad, the fifth amir, and brought up to be his heir. After Muhammad died of natural causes, Abd al-ʿAziz succeeded him unopposed. However Rashīd rule was insecure as their Ottoman allies were unpopular and weakening. In 1904, the young
Ibn Saud, the future founder of
Saudi Arabia, returned from exile with a small force and retook Riyadh. Abd al-ʿAziz died in the battle of
Rawdat Muhanna with
Ibn Saud in 1906. •
Mutaib (II) bin ʿAbdulazīz (; 1906). Succeeded his father as amir. However, he was not able to win support of the whole family and, within a year, he was killed by Sultan bin Hammud. •
Sultān bin Ḥammūd (; 1906–08). A grandson of Ubayd (the brother of the first amir), he was criticized because he ignored the
ahd (covenant) between his grandfather and the first amir. He was unsuccessful in fighting Ibn Saud, and was killed by his own brothers. •
Saud bin Hamoud (; 1908). Another grandson of Ubayd. Saʿud was killed by the maternal relatives of Saʿud bin ʿAbd al-ʿAziz, the tenth amir. •
Saud bin Abdulaziz (; 1908–20). A boy of 10 when he was made amir, his maternal relatives of the
Al Sabhan family ruled as regents on his behalf until he came of age, based on the constitution of Emara. In 1920, he was assassinated by his cousin, Abdullah bin Talal (a brother of the 12th amir). Two of his widows remarried: Norah bint Hammud Al Sabhan became
Ibn Saud's eighth wife and
Fahda bint Asi Al Shuraim of the Abde section of the
Shammar tribe became
Ibn Saud's ninth wife and the mother of King
Abdullah of Saudi Arabia. •
ʿAbdullah (II) bin Mutʿib (; 1920–21; died 1947). A son of the 7th amir, he surrendered to Ibn Saud in 1921, after having come to the throne the year before, at the age of thirteen. •
Muhammad (II) bin Talāl (; 1921; died 1954). A grandson of Naif, the only surviving son of Talal, the 2nd Amir. Muhammad bin Talal's wife Nura bint Sibban married King Abdulaziz after he was imprisoned by him. ==Economy==