Picunmapu Although it is known the
Picunche had many aillarehues in the central zone of Chile, like those of
Codegua,
Vichuquén and
Rapel most of their names are unknown. The following list is reconstructed from the listing of the aillarehues of the
Moluche and
Huilliche between the
Itata River and
Reloncaví Sound, due to the work of
Ricardo E. Latcham in the 1920s. Five Butalmapu were known to the Spanish at the beginning of the 18th century. Add to them the one in the region between the
Itata and
Bio Bio Rivers, that existed at the early part of the
Conquest of Chile. With this one six are known to have existed. One is thought to have existed among the
Picunche to the north of the Itata River, at the beginning of the conquest. It is thought to have extended from the
Limari to the
Mataquito Rivers. The Picunche of the region of the
Maule River valley may have been a separate Butalmapu or an aillarehue allied with the
Cauquenes aillarehue and aillarehue of the northern Moluche Butalmapu at the time of the
Inca invasion of Chile and at the
Battle of the Maule.
Butalmapu between the Itata and Bio Bio Rivers The Butalmapu of
Moluche aillarehues located between the coast and the foothills of the Andes between the Itata River and Bio Bio River. •
Coelemu (Spanish name
Gualemo) between the Itata River and
Estero Bureo. • Coelemu • Otohue • Coihueco •
Peguco (Spanish name
Penco) between the Estero Bureo and
Andalién Rivers. • Talcahuenu • Aquelpangue • Arana • Puchacay •
Andalién •
Rere on both sides of the
Claro River • Huelén-Huelén • Cahuiñungue • Guachumávida •
Talcamávida •
Hualqui to the north of the Bio Bio River, from
Quilacoya River to the
Pacific Ocean and south of the Andalién River. • Laleufu •
Quilacoya • Yecutun •
Hualqui or Gualque •
Talcahuenu •
Llancamilla (Spanish usually called it
Llaucamilla) between the Itata River and the region near
Los Ángeles, east of Rere. • Tolmilla • Quelenmapuco •
Rarinlevu between the
Laja River and Bio Bio River east of
Los Ángeles. • (names of rehues unknown)
Lafkenmapu The Butalmapu of
Moluche aillarehues located between the coast and the
Nahuelbuta Range between the Bio Bio River and the
Toltén River, (from north to south): •
Marihuenu between the Bio Bio and the
Carampangue Rivers • Neculhuenu • Pailahuenu • Topillanca • Antuhuenu •
Colcura •
Marihuenu • Huenurehue • Chechelevo • Conilevo • Quiapeo • Cahuinhuenu •
Arauco between the Carampangue and the
Lebu Rivers • Panguerehue •
Millarupue • Llaghupai (
Lavapie) • Quidico •
Quiapo • Levo (
Lebu) • Colico •
Arauco •
Andalicán •
Tucapel between the Lebu and the
Lleulleu Rivers • Molhuilli • Lincoyan •
Pilmaiquén •
Tucapel •
Paicavi • Ancalemu • Thomelemu •
Cayucupil •
Ilicura • Vutalevu •
Licanievu between the Lleulleu and the
Tirua Rivers • Chamacodo • Lemolemo • Villoto • Colcuimo • Relomo • Pillurehue • Vilurehue • Provinco • Licanlebu • Tirua •
Ranquilhue between the Tirua and the
Cautín Rivers • Ranquilhue • Quinahuel • Pellahuenu • Claroa • Rangaloe • Trevolhue • Moncolhue •
Cautín between the Cautín and the
Toltén Rivers • Pelulcura • Llamocavi • Coyamrehue • Celolebu • Budi
Lelfünmapu The Butalmapu of
Moluche aillarehues located in the
Chilean Central Valley and between the Bio Bio River and the Toltén River: •
Catiray east of the
Nahuelbuta Range to the Bio Bio River until
Negete in the south. • Pirenmavida •
Tavolevo • Lincura • Arumco • Pilumrehue • Curalevo • Coyamco • Quilalemu • Gueche • Chipimo • Mayurehue • Peterehue • Namcurehue •
Millapoa •
Chacaico between the
Huequén River and the
Renaico River • Chacaico • Viluquen •
Purén major parts of the old
Department of Angol and
of Traiguén from the Nahuelbuta Range to the
Rahue River. •
Guadava •
Purén • Coyamcahuin •
Lumaco • Tomelemu • Coipolevo • Picoiquen • Engolmo • Leborupu • Voquilemu •
Rupucura located in both shores of the
Cholchol River, from entrance of the
Colpi River, to the Cautín River, and from the Cautin, from hills of Nielol to the Nahuelbuta Range. •
Nielol •
Rupucura • Colpillan • Voigueco •
Boroa south of the Cautin River between the
Boroa and
Quepe Rivers • Boroa
Ina piremapu The Butalmapu of
Moluche aillarehues located in the zone of the foothills of the
Andes between the Bio Bio River and the Toltén River: •
Malven the old
Department of Mulchen to the hills of
Pemehue. •
Malven •
Rucalhue •
Quilaco •
Colhue between the rivers
Renaico and
Malleco. •
Colhue •
Quecherehue between the Huequén and Traiguén Rivers. • Quecherehue •
Adencul • Nupangue • Quillahueque •
Quillinco between the Traiguén and
Cautin Rivers • Quillinco •
Maquehue between the Cautin and
Quepe Rivers • Maquehue • Quincholco • Chumilemo • Puellocavi • Alihueco • Ailangue • Purumen
Piren mapu The Butalmapu of
Pehuenche aillarehues located in the zone of the
Andes cordillera between the Itata and the Toltén Rivers: •
Quilcolco between the
Duqueco and the Bio Bio Rivers • Mincoya • Coquilpoco • Otarachina • Iguamamilla • Iguandepirén • Inaculicán • Maricaiveo • Alcanhuere • Calvulicán • Millanaliuél • Chancanahuél •
Rucalhue, between the valley of the Bio Bio, in the vicinity of
Santa Bárbara • Marupu • Memacoiputuongo • Tililco • Queuco •
Callaqui in the same valley in the vicinity of the
Callaque volcano. •
Lolco from Callaque to
Lonquimay. •
Liucura from Lonquimay to Gualletué. •
Huenchulafquén, the vicinity of
lake Huenchulafquén.
Willimapu The Butalmapu of
Huilliche and
Cuncos aillarehues located in between the Toltén River and the
Bueno River: •
Maricünga or
Mariquina located in plain on both banks of the
Cruces River. • Marileufu • Chonqui • Rucaraque •
Chedque geographic location unknown •
Huenuhue or Guanehue vicinity of
Panguipulli Lake. •
Pidhuinco geographic location unknown •
Arique, to the south of the
Calle-Calle River to the
Callileufu River. •
Naghtoltén south of the
Toltén River, between the sea and the
Donquill River. •
Quele to the south of Naghtoltén, from the coast, contiguous with the Maricüga River. • Coipolavquén • Huelchehue •
Huadalafquén from the north bank of the Calle-Calle River to the coast, bounded on the north by Maricüga. • Lucone • Popalán • Pocotí • Calle Calle • Piden •
Riñihue in the region of
Riñihue Lake •
Quinchilca to the west of Riñihue and on both sides of the
Quinchilca River. •
Collico, between the Calle Calle and
Futa Rivers. •
Cudico, the region between the Futa River and the sea. • Sepilloa • Colleco • Lepilmapu •
Daghlipulli, to the east of Cudico. •
Quechurehue, between the
Allipén River and
Villarrica Lake. •
Ranco, in the region of
Ranco Lake.
Chawra kawin The Butalmapu of
Huilliche and
Cuncos aillarehues located between the Bueno River and the
Reloncaví Sound: •
Coihueco south of
Osorno, Chile. •
Cunco on the coast before
Llanquihue Lake. •
Quilacahuín, between the
Rahue River and the sea. •
Trumao to the north of Quilacahuín, on the South bank of the
Bueno River. •
Lipihue, to the southwest of Llanquihue lake. •
Lepilmapu, between the
Llico River and the
Maullín River. •
Carelmapu, to the south of the Maullín River. •
Calbuco, to the east of Carelmapu. == References ==