• The
European Rapid Reaction Force (ERRF) was the intended result of the Helsinki Headline Goal. Though many media reports suggested the ERRF would be a
European Union army, the Helsinki Headline Goal was little more than headquarters arrangements and a list of theoretically available national forces for a rapid reaction force. • The
Joint Rapid Reaction Force (JRRF) was a
British Armed Forces capability concept created in 1999. The force was composed of units from all three branches of the British military, and was able to rapidly deploy anywhere in the world at short notice. However, the
War in Afghanistan and
2003 invasion of Iraq siphoned British personnel and equipment, leaving the JRRF with insufficient forces. The JRRF was succeeded by the
Combined Joint Expeditionary Force in 2010 and the
Joint Expeditionary Force in 2014. • The concept of a
United Nations rapid reaction force was proposed in the mid-1990s by several commentators and officials, including
Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali. The UN rapid reaction force would consist of personnel stationed in their home countries, but they would have the same training, equipment, and procedures, and would conduct
joint exercises. The force would remain at high readiness at all times so as to quickly deploy them where necessary. • The
Rapid Deployment Joint Task Force (RDJTF) was a former
United States Department of Defense joint task force. It was formed in 1979 as the Rapid Deployment Force (RDF), envisioned as a mobile force that could quickly deploy U.S. forces to any location outside the usual American deployment areas of
Western Europe and
East Asia, soon coming to focus on the
Middle East. It was inactivated in 1983 and reorganized as the
United States Central Command. ==See also==