Economists •
Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk (1851–1914), economist and early member of the
Austrian School of Economics •
Gottfried von Haberler (1900–1995), Austrian-American economist, born in
Purkersdorf,
Austria-Hungary •
Friedrich Hayek (1899–1992), economist and social scientist,
Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1974 (became a British citizen in 1938) •
Leopold Kohr (1909–1994), economist, jurist and political scientist •
Fritz Machlup (1902–1983), Austrian-American economist, born in
Wiener Neustadt, Austria-Hungary •
Carl Menger (1840–1921), founder of the
Austrian School of economics •
Ludwig von Mises (1881–1973), free-market economist •
Oskar Morgenstern (1902–1977), co-founder of
game theory •
Otto Neurath (1882–1945), socialist, economist and philosopher •
Joseph Schumpeter (1883–1950),
economist, born in
Triesch, Austria-Hungary •
Friedrich von Wieser (1851–1926), economist of the
Austrian School Engineers/inventors •
Thomas Feichtner (born 1970), industrial designer •
Anselm Franz (1900–1994), pioneer in jet engine engineering, designed the world's first
turbojet •
Gaston Glock (1929–2023), inventor, founder of
firearms company
GLOCK GmbH •
Eduard Haas (1897–1989), inventor of the
Pez candy •
Viktor Kaplan (1876–1934), inventor of turbines for river power plants •
Wilhelm Kress (1836–1913), aviation pioneer, inventor of the stick control for airplanes •
Hedy Lamarr (1914–2000), co-inventor of
spread spectrum wireless communications, along with
George Antheil •
Ernst Lauda (1859–1932), hydraulic and bridge engineer •
Josef Madersperger (1768–1850), invented the
sewing machine in 1818 •
Siegfried Marcus (1831–1898), automobile pioneer, inventor of the first gasoline powered automobile (vehicles of 1870 and 1889) •
Alois Negrelli (1799–1858), engineer and railroad pioneer (created the plans for the
Suez Canal) •
Ferdinand Porsche (1875–1951), automotive engineer, designed the Volkswagen (the "people's car"), inventor of the
hybrid car, contributed to the design of the
Tiger I and
Tiger II tanks (born in
Austria-Hungary) •
Josef Ressel (1793–1857), inventor of the marine screw propeller,
pneumatic post and
ball bearing •
Theodor Scheimpflug (1865–1911), inventor of Scheimpflug photography •
Alois Senefelder (1771–1834), inventor of the printing technique of
lithography •
Josef Singer (1923–2009), Israeli aeronautical engineer and President of
Technion – Israel Institute of Technology •
Max Valier (1895–1930), rocketry pioneer •
Carl Auer von Welsbach (1858–1929), inventor of gaslight
Philosophers •
Franz Brentano (1838–1917), philosopher and psychologist •
Martin Buber (1878–1965), philosopher •
Christian von Ehrenfels (1859–1932), philosopher •
Herbert Feigl (1902–1988), philosopher (member of the
Vienna Circle) •
Paul Feyerabend (1924–1994), philosopher •
Philipp Frank (1884–1966), philosopher and physicist (member of the
Vienna Circle) •
Edmund Husserl (1859–1938), philosopher (born in Prossnitz,
Austria-Hungary) •
Wilhelm Jerusalem (1854–1923), philosopher, born in Drenitz, died in
Vienna •
Hans Köchler (born 1948), philosopher, born in
Schwaz •
Georg Kreisel (1923–2015), philosopher and mathematician •
Alexius Meinong (1853–1920), philosopher (theory of objects) •
Otto Neurath (1882–1945), socialist, economist and philosopher •
Karl Popper (1902–1994), philosopher (born in Austria, became British) •
Friedrich Waismann (1896–1959), mathematician, philosopher and physicist (member of the
Vienna Circle) •
Otto Weininger (1880–1903), philosopher •
Felix Weltsch (1884–1964), journalist, philosopher, student of
Christian von Ehrenfels •
Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889–1951), philosopher, born in
Vienna Physicists, mathematicians and chemists •
Emil Artin (1898–1962), mathematician (
Artin's conjecture) •
Ludwig Boltzmann (1844–1906), physicist, born in
Vienna (
Boltzmann constant) •
Fritjof Capra (born 1939), physicist, born in Vienna •
Carl Cori (1896–1984), born in Prague,
Austria-Hungary, biochemist,
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1947 •
Carl Djerassi (1923-2015), chemist, inventor of
the pill •
Christian Doppler (1803–1853), physicist, born in
Salzburg (See
Doppler effect) •
Paul Ehrenfest (1880–1933), physicist and mathematician •
Felix Ehrenhaft (1879–1952), maverick physicist •
Josef Finger (1841–1925), physicist and mathematician •
Heinz von Foerster (1911–2002), cyberneticist •
Kurt Gödel (1906–1978), mathematician (born in
Austria-Hungary, became naturalized U.S. citizen) •
Hans Hahn (1879–1934), mathematician (member of the
Vienna Circle) •
Friedrich Hasenöhrl (1874–1915), physicist •
Victor Franz Hess (1883–1964), physicist,
Nobel Prize in Physics •
Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin (1727–1817), chemist •
Walter Kohn (1923–2016),
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1998 •
Georg Kreisel (1923–2015), philosopher and mathematician •
Hans Kronberger (1920-1970), nuclear physicist •
Richard Kuhn (1900–1967), chemist,
Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1938 •
Robert von Lieben (1878-1913), physicist (Jewish father) •
Johann Josef Loschmidt (1821–1895), physicist and chemist •
Ernst Mach (1838–1916), physicist and philosopher (
Mach number) •
Lise Meitner (1878-1968), physicist, discovered nuclear fission of uranium with *
Otto Hahn, namegiver of element 109 *
meitnerium •
Richard von Mises (1883–1953), physicist (younger brother of
Ludwig von Mises) •
John von Neumann (1903–1957), mathematician (Hungarian, Budapest-born) •
Wolfgang Pauli (1900–1958), physicist,
Nobel Prize in Physics 1945 •
Max Ferdinand Perutz (1914–2002), chemist,
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1962 •
Johanna Piesch (1898–1992), physicist, mathematician, pioneer in
switching algebra •
Fritz Pregl (1869–1930), chemist,
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1923 •
Erwin Schrödinger (1887–1961), physicist,
Nobel Prize in Physics •
Heinrich Franz Friedrich Tietze (1880–1964), mathematician •
Leopold Vietoris (1891–2002), mathematician •
Victor Frederick Weisskopf (1908–2002), physicist; during World War II, worked at Los Alamos on the Manhattan Project to develop the atomic bomb; later campaigned against the proliferation of nuclear weapons •
Carl Auer von Welsbach (1858–1929), chemist •
Gernot Zippe (1917–2008), physicist (developed
Zippe-type centrifuge to extract uranium-235 for nuclear weapons) •
Richard Adolf Zsigmondy (1865–1929), chemist,
Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1925 (Hungarian origin)
Physicians •
Alfred Adler (1870–1937), psychiatrist, father of
Individual Psychology •
Hans Asperger (1906–1980), pediatrician who studied
autism, person for whom
Asperger syndrome is named •
Leopold Auenbrugger (1722–1809), physician (method of
percussion) •
Robert Bárány (1876–1936), physician,
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine •
Josef Breuer (1842–1925), physician (forerunner in
psychoanalysis) •
Ernst von Fleischl-Marxow (1846–1891), physician and physiologist (studies of nerves and the brain) •
Viktor Frankl (1905–1997), psychiatrist, father of
logotherapy •
Sigmund Freud (1856–1939), psychiatrist, father of
psychoanalysis •
Karl von Frisch (1886–1982), physician,
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine •
Leo Kanner (1894–1981), child psychiatrist •
Helen Singer Kaplan (1929-1995), sex therapist •
Karl Landsteiner (1886–1943), physician, serologist,
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine •
Otto Loewi (1873–1961), pharmacologist (born in Germany, but spent 40 years of his life, from age 25, in Austria)
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine •
Karol Ignacy Lorinser (1796–1853), physician •
Franz Mesmer (1734–1815), physician, developed an early form of hypnotism •
Paracelsus (1493–1541), (real name: Theophrast von Hohenheim), alchemist and physician •
Clemens von Pirquet (1874–1929), pediatrician and scientist in bacteriology and immunology •
Wilhelm Reich (1897–1957), psychiatrist •
Erwin Ringel (1921–1994), Austrian psychiatrist (
presuicidal syndrome) •
Ignaz Semmelweis (1818–1865), physician (born in Hungary, Austria-Hungary) •
Julius Wagner-Jauregg (1857–1940), physician,
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1927
Psychologists •
Alfred Adler (1870-1937), founding member of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society and founder of the school of individual psychology •
Viktor Frankl (1905-1997), psychiatrist and psychologist •
Anna Freud (1895-1982), Vienna-born child psychologist and daughter of Sigmund Freud •
Sigmund Freud (1856-1939), Moravian-born founder of psychoanalysis and neurologist •
Marie Jahoda (1907-2001), psychologist •
Helen Singer Kaplan (1929-1995), sex therapist •
Melanie Klein (1882-1960), psychotherapy •
Heinz Kohut (1913-1981), psychiatrist and psychoanalyst •
Wilhelm Reich (1897-1957), psychiatry and psychoanalysis •
Paul Watzlawick (1921–2007), communication theory
Other scientists •
Othenio Abel (1875–1946), paleontologist •
Karl von Czyhlarz (1833–1914), Czech-Austrian jurist • Sir
Otto Frankel (1900-1998), geneticist •
Martin Gerzabek (born 1961), ecologist and soil scientist •
Helene Gröger-Wurm (1921–2005), Austrian-born Australian ecologist •
Hans Hass (1919–2013), biologist and diving pioneer •
Max Hecker (1879–1964), Austrian-born Israeli President of the
Technion – Israel Institute of Technology •
Eric Kandel (born 1929), neuroscientist, winner of 2000 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine •
Hans Kelsen (1881–1973), jurist (father of the
Austrian constitution) •
Konrad Lorenz (1903–1989), zoologist,
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine •
Gregor Mendel (1822–1884), pioneer of genetics •
Karl Koller (1857-1944), ophthalmologist; first to use
cocaine as an anaesthetic •
Julius Pokorny (1887–1970), linguist •
Leo Reinisch (1832–1919), linguist, Africanist and Egyptologist •
Rupert Riedl (1925–2005), zoologist •
Doris Vickers (born 1980), archaeoastronomer •
Maria Wähnl (1908–1989), astronomer ==Sports==