George Grey Barnard

Barnard was born in Bellefonte, Pennsylvania, but grew up in Kankakee, Illinois, the son of the Reverend Joseph Barnard and Martha Grubb; the grandson and namesake of merchant George Grey Grubb; and a great-grandson of Curtis Grubb, a fourth-generation member of the Grubb iron family and a onetime owner of the celebrated Gray's Ferry Tavern outside Philadelphia. Barnard first studied at the Art Institute of Chicago under Leonard Volk. The prize he was awarded for a marble bust of a Young Girl enabled him to go to Paris, where, over a period of three and half years, he attended the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris (1883–1887), while also working in the atelier of Pierre-Jules Cavelier. He lived in Paris for twelve years, and scored a great success with his first exhibit at the Salon of 1894. He returned to America in 1896, and married Edna Monroe of Boston. He taught at the Art Students League of New York from 1900 to 1903, succeeding Augustus Saint-Gaudens. French art dealer René Gimpel described him in his diary (1923), as "an excellent American sculptor" who is "very much engrossed in carving himself a fortune out of the trade in works of art." Barnard had a commanding personal manner: "He talks of art as if it were a cabalistic science of which he is the only astrologer", wrote the unsympathetic Gimpel; "he speaks to impress. He's a sort of Rasputin of criticism. The Rockefellers are his imperial family. And the dealers court him." Interested in medieval art, Barnard gathered discarded fragments of medieval architecture from French villages before World War I. He established this collection in a church-like brick building near his home in Washington Heights, Manhattan in New York City. The collection was purchased by John D. Rockefeller Jr. in 1925 and forms part of the nucleus of The Cloisters collection, part of the Metropolitan Museum of Art. At least one object, sold to the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston in 1924, he offered with misleading provenance. Barnard died following a heart attack on April 24, 1938, at the Harkness Pavilion, Columbia University Medical Center in New York. He was working on a statue of Abel, betrayed by his brother Cain, when he fell ill. He is interred at Harrisburg Cemetery in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. 1913 Assessment by Lorado Taft ==Selected works==

(bronze, 1917), Lytle Park, Cincinnati, Ohio. • The Boy (marble, 1885), private collection • Cain (1886, destroyed) • Brotherly Love (Two Friends) (marble, 1886–87), Langesund, Norway. • Brotherly Love (bronze, 1886–87), Clark Art Institute, Williamstown, Massachusetts. • Brotherly Love (marble, 1894), Edward Severin Clark monument, Lakewood Cemetery, Cooperstown, New York. • Struggle of the Two Natures in Man (marble, 1892–1894), Metropolitan Museum of Art. • Maidenhood (Innocence) (1896), Brookgreen Gardens, Murrell's Inlet, South Carolina. Evelyn Nesbitt posed as the model. • Maiden with the Roses (Rose Maiden) (marble, 1898), Greenwood Cemetery, Muscatine, Iowa • Urn of Life (1898–1900), Carnegie Museum of Art, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Created to hold the ashes of Metropolitan Opera conductor Anton Seidl. • The Mystery of Life (marble, 1895–1897), Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington, D.C. Exhibited at the 1913 Armory Show. • Solitude (Adam and Eve) (marble, 1906). Exhibited at the 1913 Armory Show. the Chrysler Museum of Art in Norfolk, Virginia; and the Loeb Art Center in Poughkeepsie, New York. • The Great God Pan (1899), Dodge Hall Quadrangle, Columbia University, New York City. Exhibited at 1900 Paris Exposition, and the 1901 Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. • Transportation – Henry Bradley Plant Fountain (1900), University of Tampa, Tampa, Florida • The Hewer (1902), Halliday Park, Cairo, Illinois, dedicated 1906. Exhibited at the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair. • A plaster version is at Schwab Auditorium, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. • The Prodigal Son (1904). One of the sculptures for Love and Labor: The Unbroken Law, at the Pennsylvania State Capitol. • The Prodigal Son (marble, 1904–1906), Carnegie Museum of Art, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Exhibited at the 1913 Armory Show. • 2 pedimental sculpture groups: History; The Arts (1913–1917), Main Branch, New York Public Library, Manhattan • Rising Woman (marble, 1916), Kykuit, Pocantico Hills, New York. • A plaster version is at Schwab Auditorium, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. • Statue of Abraham Lincoln (bronze, 1917), Lytle Park, Cincinnati, Ohio. • Abraham Lincoln (bronze, 1919 casting), Lincoln Square, Manchester, England • Abraham Lincoln (bronze, 1922 casting), Louisville, Kentucky. • Head of Abraham Lincoln (marble, 1919), Metropolitan Museum of Art. • Let There Be Light (bronze, 1922), Isaac Wolfe Bernheim monument, Bernheim Arboretum and Research Forest, Clermont, Kentucky. • A 1928 marble replica marks the grave of Barnard's parents at Springdale Cemetery, Madison, Indiana. • A 1936 marble replica is at the entrance to Scripps Park, Rushville, Illinois. • Adam and Eve Fountain (1923) Kykuit, Pocantico Hills, New York. • The Refugee (Grief) (marble, by 1930), Metropolitan Museum of Art. ==Gallery==

File:Langesund Kirke (gravmæle).JPG|Brotherly Love (1886–87), Langesund, Norway. File:George Grey Barnard - Madchenstatue.jpg|Maidenhood (1896), Brookgreen Gardens. File:Urn of Life World's Work 1909 p.11260.jpg|Urn of Life (1898-1900), Carnegie Museum of Art. File:Barnard Great God Pan Bain01493 rotated & cropped.jpg|The Great God Pan (1899), Columbia University, New York City File:Henry Bradley Plant Water Fountain.JPG|Transportation - Henry Bradley Plant Fountain (1900), Tampa, Florida. File:George Grey Barnard ar work.jpg|Barnard at work on The Hewer (1902). File:WLA taft Solitude Adam and Eve.jpg|Solitude (Adam and Eve) (1906), Taft Museum of Art. File:George Grey Barnard, The Birth, marble, exhibited at the Armory Show, 1913.jpg|The Birth (1913). File:Abraham lincoln manchester england.jpg|Abraham Lincoln (1919), Manchester, England. File:IMG 33432Bernheim.jpg|Let There Be Light (1922), Clermont, Kentucky. Pennsylvania State Capitol sculpture groups North group: Love and Labor: The Unbroken Law (marble, 1911), Pennsylvania State Capitol, Harrisburg. South group: The Burden of Life: The Broken Law (marble, 1911), Pennsylvania State Capitol, Harrisburg. ==Legacy==

• Among Barnard's students were Anna Hyatt Huntington, Abastenia St. Leger Eberle, Beatrice Ashley Chanler and Malvina Hoffman. • Barnard donated 100 of his plaster models to the Kankakee County Museum in Kankakee, Illinois. • A collection of his Medieval architectural elements is at the Philadelphia Museum of Art. • The George Grey Barnard Sculpture Garden was created in Bellefonte, Pennsylvania (his birthplace) in 1978. ==Notes==