Rangers Souness was appointed Rangers' first player-manager in April 1986, signing from Sampdoria for a fee of £300,000 and succeeding
Jock Wallace. Two more Championships were to follow, this time in successive seasons (
1988–89 and
1989–90), and a further two League Cup victories, over Aberdeen 3–2 in 1988–89 and Celtic 2–1 (after extra time) in
1990–91. In April 1991, Rangers were in the process of winning a fourth league title in five seasons when Souness left Rangers to take over as manager of Liverpool. He was replaced by his assistant
Walter Smith four matches prior to the end of what was to become another championship-winning season. Rangers went on to win six further league titles in succession, as well as a string of domestic cups, under Smith's management. Although Souness had been hugely successful in his time at
Ibrox, his time in charge had not been without controversy. A significant act was the signing of
Mo Johnston in 1989. Rangers, historically a team supported by
Protestants, had for most of the 20th century
a policy of refusing to sign
Roman Catholics. Although there had been many Rangers players of Catholic faith, particularly before the
sectarian divisions hardened after World War I, none of them were as high-profile as Johnston. He had previously played for Celtic, and had looked set to rejoin them from
Nantes until Souness made an offer to sign him. Johnston publicly announced he would return to Celtic in a press conference at
Celtic Park, but days later he signed for Rangers. His main consideration was that Johnston was a good player, but he also believed that the signing would damage Celtic. He was also responsible for ordering a picture of Queen
Elizabeth II be hung in the Rangers dressing room, a tradition Rangers continued. Souness also found himself under scrutiny from the
Scottish Football Association (SFA) and
Scottish League more than once. A succession of confrontational after-match comments pitched Souness regularly at loggerheads with both organisations, prompting touchline bans which Souness circumvented in characteristically provocative fashion by naming himself as a substitute, allowing access as a player to the
dugout. In May 1990, Souness was fined £5,000 by the SFA for breaching a touchline ban after television pictures showed him in the tunnel area yelling at his players on the pitch. Souness later said that conflict with officialdom was one of the principal factors precipitating his departure from Ibrox. Another factor in 1991 was "The Storm in a teacup" when there was conflict with
St Johnstone's
tea lady,
Aggie Moffat. In 2009, Souness said of his time as Rangers manager, "When I look back on my actions and antics at Ibrox I bordered on being out of order. I was obnoxious and difficult to deal with." He was manager during 261 matches in all competitions for Rangers, winning 125 (64%) of 193 league fixtures.
Liverpool Kenny Dalglish, who had played alongside Souness at Liverpool, had resigned as Liverpool manager in February 1991, despite having won three league titles and two FA Cups in the previous five seasons, and with Liverpool still being in contention for both trophies when he resigned. Long-serving coach
Ronnie Moran was put in temporary charge following Dalglish's sudden resignation, but he did not want the job permanently. leaving Rangers with four games of their season remaining. Souness took over at Anfield just before Liverpool surrendered their defence of the English league title to
Arsenal. He made a major reorganisation of the squad in his first six months as manager, bringing in
Dean Saunders for an English record of £2.9 million as well as defenders
Mark Wright and
Rob Jones and midfielder
Mark Walters. He also gave a regular place in the team to 19-year-old midfielder
Steve McManaman, whose debut had come under Dalglish in December 1990, and a debut to one of Dalglish's last signings, teenage midfielder
Jamie Redknapp. At the end of that campaign, Souness gave a professional contract to 17-year-old striker
Robbie Fowler. During the
1991–92 season, Liverpool rarely looked like serious title contenders, and it soon became a two-horse race between
Leeds United and
Manchester United. Leeds eventually won the title, while Liverpool came sixth. They returned to European competition that season after six years of isolation following the
Heysel disaster of 1985, and reached the
UEFA Cup quarter-finals, where they were eliminated by
Genoa. By April 1992, they were only in contention for the FA Cup. Souness had major
heart surgery in April 1992. A controversy arose after the
FA Cup semi-final against
Portsmouth, which Liverpool needed a replay and penalties to win. In the event of a victory for Liverpool, an interview was due to be published in
the Sun, a British tabloid, with Souness celebrating the win and his own successful surgery. The photograph which accompanied the interview was of Souness, in his hospital ward, kissing his girlfriend with joy at his own recovery and his team's win.
1992–93 was an even more frustrating season for Souness. Just after the start of the season, he sold
Dean Saunders to Aston Villa. While Saunders was a key player in Villa's near-successful title challenge, his successor
Paul Stewart proved to be a huge disappointment, scoring just one league goal from 32 appearances over the next two seasons, struggling with injuries as well as inconsistent form. Top scorer
Ian Rush was having a difficult time scoring goals, and Liverpool spent much of the season in the bottom half of the table. They entered March still only in 15th place, but an excellent final quarter of the season, in which Rush scored 11 Premier League goals, saw them finish sixth. This time there was no success in any of the cup competitions, meaning that there would be no European competition for Liverpool in the 1993–94 season. Aside from the six seasons when Liverpool were banned from European competitions, this was the first time since 1963 that Liverpool had failed to qualify for Europe. The pressure on Souness continued to mount throughout 1993, but he made another attempt at revitalising Liverpool by signing defender
Julian Dicks and striker
Nigel Clough for the
1993–94 season. The season began well, but the disappointing results quickly returned. Souness finally resigned as Liverpool manager at the end of January 1994 when Liverpool had suffered a shock
FA Cup exit at the hands of
Bristol City. He was succeeded by long-serving coach
Roy Evans. Souness's three-year reign as Liverpool manager was not remembered with fondness by the club's fans, although his reign did bring some success to the club. Apart from guiding them to FA Cup success in 1992, he also oversaw the breakthrough of three young players who would go on to be a key part in Liverpool's improved performances over the next five years – Steve McManaman, Robbie Fowler and
Jamie Redknapp, allowing them to play and develop in the first team where they went on to inspire an upturn in fortunes at
Anfield. Souness later said in his autobiography
The Management Years that he faced an uphill struggle from the start for a number of reasons. The majority of key players were in their late 20s or early 30s when he took over, and some appeared to have passed their peak. He knew they had to be eventually replaced and he doubted the desire of some of them. He said the senior players also appeared not to want to listen to him and may have resented his disciplinarian approach to their behaviour, and also claimed a number of players – including
Peter Beardsley and
Steve McMahon – asked for improved terms in their contracts or they would move elsewhere. Souness went to manage
Galatasaray in Turkey in June 1995, and again managed to court controversy with local issues, nearly sparking a riot after placing a large Galatasaray flag into the centre circle of the pitch of arch rivals
Fenerbahçe after Galatasaray had beaten them in the
Turkish Cup final on 24 April 1996. The iconic image of Souness planting the flag drew comparisons with Turkish hero
Ulubatlı Hasan, who was killed as he planted the
Ottoman flag at the end of the
Siege of Constantinople. This earned Souness the nickname "Ulubatlı Souness".
Southampton Souness then returned to England to manage
Southampton, but after one season he resigned, citing differences with chairman
Rupert Lowe. Souness is perhaps best remembered at Southampton for signing Senegalese player
Ali Dia, supposedly on the recommendation of former
FIFA World Player of the Year and former
Liberian striker George Weah. Souness did not check any of Dia's credentials as a good player, which proved to be a hoax instigated by Dia's friend (who had made the initial call). When Dia made his sole appearance in the Premier League, as a substitute for
Matt Le Tissier, he performed amazingly poorly and was substituted. A notable high point of the season was a 6–3 home win over defending champions
Manchester United in late October. The
Saints managed to avoid relegation from the Premier League in 1996–97, finishing 16th, but he resigned towards the end of May 1997. Within days, it was reported Everton, Liverpool's
local rivals, were interested in appointing Souness as manager to succeed
Joe Royle, but
Howard Kendall was appointed for a third time instead.
Torino After his stint at Southampton, Souness went back to Italy to become the coach at
Torino. When he arrived, it was clear he would have no say in what players he could buy or sell, as the club's owner made those decisions. Souness lasted just four months before being dismissed.
Benfica In November 1997, Souness was appointed by
Benfica's new chairman
João Vale e Azevedo, who promised to return the club to its former glory. The Scottish manager brought several British players from the Premier League, including defenders
Steve Harkness and
Gary Charles, midfielders
Michael Thomas and
Mark Pembridge and forwards
Dean Saunders and
Brian Deane, as well as refusing to sign emerging talent
Deco. 18 months later, Souness left the club and stated, "Vale e Azevedo lies when he looks in the eyes. Be careful, this man is dangerous."
Blackburn Rovers Souness returned to the English league in March 2000 to become manager of
Blackburn Rovers, earning promotion back to the Premier League in his first full season. During his four-year spell at Blackburn, he initially got the very best out of talented youngsters such as
Damien Duff,
David Dunn and
Matt Jansen, as well as bringing
Henning Berg back to the club and signing big name players like
Andy Cole,
Tugay Kerimoğlu,
Barry Ferguson,
Brad Friedel and
Dwight Yorke. Cole and Jansen scored in Blackburn's 2–1 League Cup final victory over Tottenham Hotspur in February 2002. Blackburn were still battling against relegation back to Division One when they lifted the League Cup, but went on to finish a secure 10th in the final table. Souness then guided Blackburn to a sixth-place finish in 2003 and took them into the
UEFA Cup for a second successive season, before finishing a disappointing 15th in
2003–04.
Newcastle United Souness left Blackburn in September 2004 to become manager of
Newcastle United following the sacking of 71-year-old
Sir Bobby Robson a few games into the season. Despite a promising start on
Tyneside, Souness quickly fell out with a number of players, including
Welsh international Craig Bellamy, who left the club to join Blackburn, after being loaned out to Celtic.
Laurent Robert,
Olivier Bernard and
Jermaine Jenas were also reported to have left the club on bad terms with Souness. The club finished 14th in the league (their lowest finish since promotion in 1993) and despite making it to the quarter-finals of the
UEFA Cup and the semi-finals of the
FA Cup, Souness found himself under mounting pressure from
Toon supporters. Newcastle had a slow start to the
2005–06 season, but Souness was hoping that the purchase of
Michael Owen from Real Madrid on 30 August for an estimated club-record fee of £17 million would help to turn the club's fortunes around and bring a repeat of the top five finishes achieved during Robson's final three seasons. Newcastle recorded a win in the
Tyne-Wear derby against Sunderland (3–2), and went on to win their next three matches, keeping three clean sheets. Souness seemed to be tightening up Newcastle in defence, with six clean sheets in Newcastle's first 12 games of the season, as many as the whole of the preceding campaign. His decision to reunite the former England striker duo
Alan Shearer and Michael Owen initially appeared shrewd. However, Owen cracked the fifth metatarsal of his right foot when he clashed with England teammate
Paul Robinson during a 2–0 defeat at Tottenham on 30 December 2005 and was out of action for three months, adding to the club's injury woes. Souness was criticised for an apparent lack of long-term planning at Newcastle, centred on a small squad, and a consequent vulnerability to injury among his players. Expensive signings – such as
Jean-Alain Boumsong for £8 million, and
Albert Luque for £10 million – failed to live up to expectations. By the beginning of February 2006, Newcastle United were placed 15th in the Premier League table and sliding dangerously towards a relegation battle, despite having spent over £50million on players in the last 18 months. On 2 February 2006, Souness was sacked as manager by chairman
Freddy Shepherd and replaced by United's Youth Academy Director
Glenn Roeder. In the club's DVD season review for the 2005–06 season, goalkeeper
Shay Given and defender
Robbie Elliott acknowledged Souness was under pressure at the club as a result of injuries to the squad and admitted some players were to blame for their lack of all-round effort, but also admitted there was a bad atmosphere at the training ground, with Souness seeming to favour some players over others. Alan Shearer acknowledged the fans never really accepted Souness, as well as several injuries being instrumental in damaging the team's confidence. Chairman Freddy Shepherd declared it was the team's formation and loss against
Manchester City that prompted his decision to sack Souness. Souness did not return to football management after leaving Newcastle.
Stevens inquiry In the report of the
Stevens inquiry into football corruption published in June 2007, Souness was criticised for an apparent lack of consistency:Souness issued a statement denying any wrongdoing:The Stevens inquiry then issued a clarification:In July 2007, Newcastle United was raided by the
City of London Police, who were investigating transfer deals involving Newcastle, Rangers and Portsmouth. Two Souness transfers, Jean-Alain Boumsong and
Amdy Faye, were among a list of 17 transfers not cleared by Quest. The Boumsong deal in particular was so odd that it was widely commented upon at the time. which had conceded several leads earlier in the season. Newcastle were aware of Boumsong prior to his move from
Auxerre to Rangers on a
free transfer. Robson had travelled to France to watch him, but he declined the opportunity to sign Boumsong. Liverpool were also interested in signing Boumsong. Robson's doubts were confirmed when Boumsong marked Alan Shearer in a pre-season game against Rangers. Shearer came off to speak in dismissive terms about the Frenchman's lack of physicality, and he later mentioned Boumsong's previous availability on a free transfer on television. When Boumsong was given a torrid time by
DJ Campbell during his Newcastle debut against
Yeading in the FA Cup, doubts over the wisdom of the transfer mushroomed. The agent in the Boumsong and Faye transfers was
Willie McKay. On 7 November 2007, Quest issued the following statement about McKay's dealings: ==Career after management==