Gustave Doré

(1877) Doré was born in Strasbourg on 6January 1832. At the age of15, he began his career working as a caricaturist for the French paper Le journal pour rire. The illustrations of J. J. Grandville have been noted as an influence on his work. Wood-engraving was his primary method at this time. In the late 1840s and early 1850s, he made several text comics, like ''Les Travaux d'Hercule (1847), Trois artistes incompris et mécontents (1851), Les Dés-agréments d'un voyage d'agrément (1851) and L'Histoire de la Sainte Russie'' (1854). Doré subsequently went on to win commissions to depict scenes from books by Cervantes, Rabelais, Balzac, Milton, and Dante. In 1853 Doré was asked to illustrate the works of Lord Byron. This commission was followed by additional work for British publishers, including a new illustrated Bible. In 1854 he illustrated Gargantua et Pantagruel. In 1856 he produced 12folio-size illustrations of The Legend of The Wandering Jew, which propagated longstanding antisemitic views of the time, for a short poem which Pierre-Jean de Béranger had derived from a novel of Eugène Sue of 1845. in Paris In the 1860s he illustrated a French edition of Cervantes's Don Quixote, and his depictions of the knight and his squire, Sancho Panza, became so famous that they influenced subsequent readers, artists, and stage and film directors' ideas of the physical "look" of the two characters. Doré also illustrated an oversized edition of Edgar Allan Poe's "The Raven", an endeavor that earned him 30,000francs from publisher Harper & Brothers in 1883. The government of France made him a Knight of the Legion of Honour in 1861. Doré's illustrations for the Bible (1866) were a great success, and in 1867 he had a major exhibition of his work in London. This exhibition led to the foundation of the Doré Gallery in Bond Street, London. In 1869, Blanchard Jerrold, the son of Douglas William Jerrold, suggested that they work together to produce a comprehensive portrait of London. Jerrold had obtained the idea from The Microcosm of London produced by Rudolph Ackermann, William Pyne, and Thomas Rowlandson (published in three volumes from 1808 to 1810). Doré signed a five-year contract with the publishers Grant & Co that involved his staying in London for three months a year, and he received the vast sum of £10,000 a year for the project. Doré was celebrated for his paintings in his day, but his wood-engravings, like those he did for Jerrold, are where he excelled as an artist with an individual vision. The completed book London: A Pilgrimage, with 180wood engravings, was published in 1872. It enjoyed commercial and popular success, but the work was disliked by some contemporary British critics, as it appeared to focus on the poverty that existed in parts of London. Doré was accused by The Art Journal of "inventing rather than copying." The Westminster Review claimed that "Doré gives us sketches in which the commonest, the vulgarest external features are set down." But they impressed Vincent van Gogh, who painted a version of the ''Prisoners' Round'' in 1890, the year of his death. The book was a financial success, however, and Doré received commissions from other British publishers. Doré's later work included illustrations for new editions of Coleridge's Rime of the Ancient Mariner, Milton's Paradise Lost, Tennyson's Idylls of the King, The Works of Thomas Hood, and The Divine Comedy. Doré's work also appeared in the weekly newspaper The Illustrated London News. The medical doctor Jean-Baptiste Fuzier, who was a specialist in yellow fever and other tropical diseases, bequeathed watercolor paintings by Doré to the museum of Grenoble in 1880. According to the Musée de Grenoble, Doré developed his expertise as a watercolorist during a trip to Scotland in 1873. ==Death==

Doré never married and, following the death of his father in 1849, he continued to live with his mother, illustrating books until his death of a heart attack in Paris on January23, 1883, following a short illness. At the time of his death Doré was working on illustrations for an edition of Shakespeare's plays. ==Works==

Doré was a prolific artist; thus the following list of works is not complete and it does not include his paintings, sculptures, and many of his journal illustrations: ==Reception and legacy==

Doré's work received mixed reviews from contemporary art critics, but he was widely acclaimed by the general public. He was adored by many writers and poets, who felt he "brought their wildest dreams and fantasies to life". Théophile Gautier for example stated "Nobody better than this artist can give a mysterious and deep vitality to chimeras, dreams, nightmares, intangible shapes bathed in light and shade, weirdly caricatured silhouettes and all the monsters of fantasy." ==Gallery==

File:Jacob Wrestles with the Angel (89394819).jpg|Jacob wrestling with the angel, 1855 File:Destruction of Leviathan.png|Destruction of Leviathan, 1865 File:The Vision of The Valley of The Dry Bones.jpg|The Vision of The Valley of The Dry Bones, 1866 File:Gustave Doré - The Holy Bible - Plate I, The Deluge.jpg|The Deluge, 1866 File:Confusion of Tongues (89393754).jpg|Engraving The Tower of Babel or the Confusion of Tongues, 1866 File:Dore-I had done a hellish thing.jpg|The Rime of the Ancient Mariner File:Idylls of the King 3.jpg|Edyrn with His Lady and Dwarf Journey to Arthur's Court, in Idylls of the King by Lord Alfred Tennyson, illustrated by Gustave Doré File:Little Red Riding Hood (136547615).jpg|Little Red Riding Hood File:Cinderella by Gustav Dore (136548322).jpg|Doré illustrated several fairy tales: Cendrillon (or Cinderella) File:La Belle au Bois Dormant (136548149).jpg|La Belle au Bois Dormant - third of six engravings by Gustave Doré File:Gustave Doré, A Backstreet in London, 1868, NGA 141211.jpg|Drawing, A Backstreet in London (1868; National Gallery of Art, Washington) File:YCBA London a Pilgrimage 06 (cropped).jpg|Over London by Rail Gustave Doré c 1870. From London: A Pilgrimage File:Gustave Doré - Ludgate Hill.png|Ludgate Hill - A block in the Street, 1872. From London: A Pilgrimage File:Gustave dore crusades troubadours singing the glories of the crusades.jpg|Crusades troubadours singing the glories of the crusades File:Don Quijote illustrated by Gustav Dore II.jpg|Don Quixote illustrated by Gustave Doré File:Don Quijote illustrated by Gustav Dore III.jpg|Don Quixote illustrated by Gustave Doré, another one of the 500 pieces Doré created for the work File:Don Quijote illustrated by Gustav Dore IV.jpg|Miguel de Cervantes's Don Quixote illustrated by Gustave Doré File:Don Quijote illustrated by Gustav Dore V.jpg|Another example of Don Quixote (Don Quijote in Spanish) illustrated by Gustave Doré File:Gustave Dore illustration.jpg|Rabelais's Gargantua (English translation) File:Gustave_Doré_-_St._John%27s_vision_of_death.jpg|''St. John's vision'' - Sagrada Biblia T4 File:Gustave_Doré_-_Ark_of_the_Covenant.jpg|Ark of the Covenant - La Sagrada Biblia T4 File:Gustave_Doré_-_Roland,_Count_of_Mans.jpg|Roland, count of Mans, knight of Blaives - Days of Chivalry (Croquemitaine) File:Gustave_Doré_-_Roland_the_Peerless.jpg|Roland the Peerless - Days of Chivalry (Croquemitaine) File:Gustave_Doré_-_Houri_on_Camels.jpg|The Houris on Camels - Days of Chivalry (Croquemitaine) File:Paris-dumas-monument02.jpg|The Dumas Monument in Paris File:USA-San Francisco-Le Poème de la Vigne by Gustave Doré-3.jpg|Le Poème de la Vigne or The Vintage Vase, version in San Francisco File:Доре Парка і божок кохання Ерот 1877.jpg|Cupid and Time, modello in terracotta File:LeTemps fauchant les amours.jpg|A clock with Time defeating Loves, cast 1879 File:Maenads in a Wood, by Gustave Dore, 1879, plaster - Museum of Fine Arts, Boston - 20180922 150837.jpg|Maenads in a Wood, 1879, plaster modello, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston File:Gustave Doré - Roland à Roncevaux.jpg|Roland à Roncevaux, private collection, Paris File:Dore, Gustave; La Sainte Trinite.jpg|La Sainte Trinité, Glynn Vivian Art Gallery File:Ecce Homo Gustave Doré.jpg|Ecce Homo, Glynn Vivian Art Gallery File:La folie.jpg|La folie, Glynn Vivian Art Gallery File:Les Oceanides Les Naiades de la mer.jpg|The Oceanids (The Naiads of the Sea), 1860s File:Gustave Doré - Paolo and Francesca da Rimini.jpg|Paolo and Francesca da Rimini, 1863 File:Le Christ quittant le prétoire-Gustave Doré (3).jpg|Christ Leaving the Praetorium 1867–1872, Strasbourg Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art File:Le Christ quittant le prétoire-Gustave Doré (2).jpg|Christ Leaving the Praetorium in the room of the Strasbourg Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art where it hangs File:Paul Gustave Dore Andromeda.jpg|Andromède, 1869, Chimei Museum, Tainan, Taiwan File:Gustave Doré-Soir en Alsace.jpg|Soir en Alsace, 1869 File:Gustave Dore - La Siesta, Memory of Spain - Google Art Project.jpg|La Siesta, Memory of Spain, File:Gustave Doré - Flower Sellers of London - Google Art Project.jpg|Flower Sellers of London, File:Gustave Doré - Loch Lomond.jpg|Loch Lomond, 1875 File:Gustave Doré - Scottish Highlands - Google Art Project.jpg|Landscape in Scotland, ca. 1875, Toledo Museum of Art File:Gustave Doré - Landscape in Scotland - Walters 372625.jpg|Landscape in Scotland, ca. 1878, Walters Art Museum File:Gustave Doré-Mont Sainte-Odile avec mur païen.jpg|Mont Sainte-Odile avec mur païen, by 1883 File:Gustave Doré - La Vallée de larmes.jpg|The Valley of Tears, 1883 File:The Triumph Of Christianity Over Paganism.Gustave Doré.jpg|The Triumph Of Christianity Over Paganism (1868) ==References==