In India, L-M20 has a higher frequency among
Dravidian castes, but is somewhat rarer in
Indo-Aryan castes. In Pakistan, it has a frequency of about 28% in the southern regions including southern Baluchistan, from where the agricultural creators of the Indus valley civilization emerged . Preliminary evidence gleaned from non-scientific sources, such as individuals who have had their Y-chromosomes tested by commercial labs, suggests that most European examples of Haplogroup L-M20 might belong to the
subclade L2-M317, which is, among South Asian populations, generally the rarest of the subclades of Haplogroup L.
South Asia India It has higher frequency among
Dravidian castes (ca. 17-19%) but is somewhat rarer in
Indo-Aryan castes (ca. 5-6%). The presence of haplogroup L-M20 is quite rare among tribal groups (ca. 5,6-7%).( However, the Korova tribe of
Uttara Kannada in which L-M11 occurs at 68% is an exception. A 2018 study primarily focussed on
Northwest India, a region formerly covered by
Indus Valley Civilisation, found significant presence of L-M20 among the populations studied; viz.
Gujjar of
Rajasthan (63%),
Ror of Haryana (29%) and
Kamboj of Rajasthan (17%). L2a2 is around 62.7% among
Brokpa of Ladakh. With a frequency of 54.9%, L-M20 constitutes a major lineage among Indian
Parsi priests. It reaches an overall frequency of 21% among Indian Parsis, in general. L-M20 was found at 38% in the
Bharwad caste and 21% in
Charan caste from
Junagarh district in
Gujarat. It has also been reported at 17% in the Kare Vokkal tribe from
Uttara Kannada in
Karnataka. It is also found at low frequencies in other populations from Junagarh district and Uttara Kannada. L-M20 is the single largest male lineage (36.8%) among the
Jat people of
Northern India and is found at 16.33% among the
Gujar's of
Jammu and Kashmir. It also occurs at 18.6% among the
Konkanastha Brahmins of the
Konkan region and at 15% among the
Maratha's of
Maharashtra. L-M20 is also found at 32.35% in the
Vokkaligas and at 17.82% in the
Lingayats of Karnataka. And available data shows that among
Tamils, L-M20 is found at 48% among
Kallar, 28.57% among
Vanniyars, 26% among the
Saurashtra people, 25.47% among the
Nadars, 20.7% among the
Ambalakarar, 20.56% among
Tamil Yadavas, 17.2% among the
Iyer and 16.7% among the
Iyengar castes of
Tamil Nadu. L-M11 is found in frequencies of 8-16% among
Indian Jews. L-M20 has an overall frequency of 12% in
Punjab. 2% of
Siddis have also been reported with L-M11. Haplogroup L-M20 is currently present in the Indian population at an overall frequency of ca. 7-15%.
Pakistan The greatest concentration of Haplogroup L-M20 is along the
Indus River in
Pakistan where the
Indus Valley civilization flourished during 3300–1300 BC with its mature period between 2600 and 1900 BCE. L-M357's highest frequency and diversity is found in the
Balochistan province at 28% with a moderate distribution among the general Pakistani population at 11.6%. It is also found in
Afghanistan ethnic counterparts as well, such as with the
Pashtuns and
Balochis. L-M357 is found frequently among
Burusho (approx. 12%) and
Pashtuns (approx. 7%), L1a and L1c-M357 are found at 24% among Balochis, L1a and L1c are found at 8% among the
Dravidian-speaking
Brahui, L1c is found at 25% among
Kalash, L1c is found at 15% among
Burusho, L1a-M76 and L1b-M317 are found at 2% among the
Makranis and L1c is found at 3.6% of
Sindhis according to Julie di Cristofaro et al. 2013. L-M20 is found at 17.78% among the
Parsis.
Middle East and Anatolia L-M20 was found in 51% of
Syrians from
Raqqa, a northern Syrian city whose previous inhabitants were wiped out by
Mongol genocides and repopulated in recent times by local
Bedouin populations and
Chechen war refugees from Russia . In a small sample of
Israeli Druze haplogroup L-M20 was found in 7 out of 20 (35%). However, studies done on bigger samples showed that L-M20 averages 5% in
Israeli Druze, 8% in
Lebanese Druze, and it was not found in a sample of 59
Syrian Druze. Haplogroup L-M20 has been found in 2.0% (1/50) to 5.25% (48/914) of
Lebanese .
Central Asia Afghanistan A study on the
Pashtun male lineages in Afghanistan, found that Haplogroup L-M20, with an overall frequency of 9.5%, is the second most abundant male lineage among them. It exhibits substantial disparity in its distribution on either side of the Hindu Kush range, with 25% of the northern Afghan Pashtuns belonging to this lineage, compared with only 4.8% of males from the south. L1c is also found at 7.69% among the
Balochs of Afghanistan. A Lemba sample from South Africa submitted to
Familytreedna in 2023 was found to carry a yet unnamed L-M349 subclade of L-FT408126 which was closest to 2 samples from
Iraq and
Iran. Researchers also found traces of traces of L-M20 on the
Swahili coast in
Kenya amounting to 4.2% of the total population. ==Subclade distribution==