Jakarta metropolitan area

The region was established in 1976 through Presidential Instruction No. 13 in response to the needs to sustain the growing population of the capital city. Indonesia's government established the Jabotabek Cooperation Body () of the joint secretariat of Government of DKI Jakarta and West Java province. ==Greater Jakarta==

The generic term Greater Jakarta refers to the urban region surrounding Jakarta, and it is not specific to any official or administrative designations. On the contrary, depending on context, it may refer to the built-up area around Jakarta. ==Demographics==

Among the inhabitants, approximately 10.68 million lived in Jakarta Special Capital Region according to the mid-2024 official estimates; about 9.24 million in the five cities of Bogor, Depok, Bekasi, Tangerang and South Tangerang; and about 12.33 million in the three regencies (Bekasi Regency, Bogor Regency, and Tangerang Regency). and official estimate as at mid 2024. / Badan Pusat Statistik - Indonesia. • Indonesia: Table of all administrative divisions/ Citypopulation.de • Kemendagri 2022 June estimate . Note that the pandemic had a skewing effects on Census 2020 data compared with prior year estimates, in favour of satellite cities, while post-pandemic data indicated a flood back into central cities, but by 2024 this effect was reversed. This effect was repeated for Bandung, Surabaya, Palembang, and Medan. ==Economy==

skyline at night Today, the role of the Jakarta metropolitan area in the national economy is still dominant although the decentralisation policy has been implemented since the political reforms in 1998. The region accounts for 25.52% of total national gross domestic product and 42.8% to the total GDP of Java in 2010. There are three dominant sectors which have a high contribution to the total Jakarta metropolitan area's GDP comprising: industrial sector (28.36%), financial sector (20.66%) as well as trade, hotel and restaurant sectors (20.24%). The Golden Triangle is also known to expatriates and locals as a lifestyle centre of the metropolis. There are countless high-end boutiques, fine restaurants, coffee shops and malls. Kelapa Gading is the newest business district, lifestyle centre and residential areas, located in the north-eastern part of Jakarta. It has several bars and entertainment places that open up until late at night. The development of large scale residential areas and industrial parks in the Jakarta metropolitan area has been induced by infrastructure development, especially toll roads and railways. The Jakarta metropolitan area has been built industrial estate in the outskirts, mainly in Cikarang, home to a dozen industrial estates with more than 2,500 industrial companies. The Cikarang industrial estate occupied a total land area of about 11,000 hectares and became the largest concentration of manufacturing activities in Southeast Asia. Many foreign companies are located in the Cikarang industrial estate, such as from Japan, South Korea, China, Singapore and United States. ==Transportation==

system map system map The region is partly defined by the areas from which people commute into the city. All municipality and regencies have access to toll road and rail service. At present public transport in Greater Jakarta consists of TransJakarta BRT, KRL Commuterline commuter rail, Jakarta LRT, Soekarno–Hatta Airport Commuter Line, Jakarta MRT and Jabodebek LRT. Jakarta LRT began operation by late 2019, and Jabodebek LRT began operation by 28 August 2023. Aviation The Jakarta metropolitan area has two major airports, Soekarno Hatta International Airport, commonly known as Cengkareng Airport (CGK) and Halim Perdanakusuma International Airport (chiefly domestic). Pondok Cabe Airport in South Tangerang, owned by the state oil company Pertamina, is used for civilian and military airport. Rail The Jakarta metropolitan area is served by KRL Commuterline, a 418 km (260 mi) commuter train comprising five lines (Red/Bogor Line, Green/Rangkasbitung Line, Blue/Cikarang Loop Line, Brown/Tangerang Line and Pink/Tanjung Priok Line) and over 80 stations across the area, plus Lebak Regency in Banten. Urban rail systems in Jakarta include rapid transit system Jakarta MRT, and light rail system Jakarta LRT, and light rapid transit system Jabodebek LRT. Before Jakarta MRT was opened in 2019, the Jakarta metropolitan area was the world's largest metropolitan areas without a grade-separated rapid transit system. Rail connection to Soekarno-Hatta International Airport is served by Soekarno-Hatta Airport Rail Link and Soekarno–Hatta Airport Skytrain inside the airport complex. Bus The Transjakarta bus rapid transit service was developed throughout Jakarta and currently has 14 active corridors and a further five in planning. The system connects Bekasi, Bogor, Depok, and Tangerang with four routes connecting Jakarta with Bekasi vice versa, namely Summarecon Bekasi - Cawang, East Bekasi - Cawang, Vida Bekasi ‐ Cawang Sentral via Jatiasih, East Bekasi - Dukuh Atas via Becakayu Toll Road, and Cikarang Jababeka - Cawang Sentral via Grand Wisata Bekasi. While for Depok, four routes are currently active: UI - Manggarai, UI - Lebak Bulus, Terminal Depok - Cawang Sentral via the Cijago toll road, and Sawangan - Lebak Bulus via Desari toll road. It is operated by the Kereta Cepat Indonesia China (KCIC). Whoosh is the first high-speed railway in Southeast Asia, and the Southern Hemisphere and covers a distance of with an operating speed of , and design speed of KCIC400AF train of , making it the second fastest commercially operating railway network in the world. The travel time between the two cities averages 45 minutes, down from three hours before its opening. The line began trial operation with passengers on 7 September 2023, and commercial operations on 17 October 2023. The Whoosh high speed train served 1 million passengers during 2 months of commercial operation from 17 October to 25 December 2023. ==See also==