Jack Daniel's

The Jack Daniel's brand's official website suggests that its founder, Jasper Newton "Jack" Daniel, was born in 1850 (his tombstone bears that date According to the Tennessee state library website in 2013, records list his birth date as September 5, 1846. It maintains that the 1850 birth date would be impossible given his mother's death was in 1847. However, in the 2004 biography Blood & Whiskey: The Life and Times of Jack Daniel, author Peter Krass said his investigation showed that Daniel was born in January 1849, based on Jack's sister's diary, census records, and the date of death of Jack's mother, which was apparently, according to Krass's sources, not in 1847. Jack was the youngest of 10 children born to his mother, Lucinda (Cook) Daniel, and father Calaway Daniel. After Lucinda's death, his father remarried and had three more children. Jack Daniel's ancestry included English, and Scots-Irish as well. Jack did not get along with his stepmother. After Daniel's father died in the Civil War, the boy was legally adopted by a family friend named Felix Waggoner, but was soon taken in by another local farmer named Dan Call. == Career of Jasper Daniel ==

As a teenager, Daniel was taken in by Dan Call, a local lay preacher and moonshine distiller. He began learning the distilling trade from Call and his Master Distiller, Nathan "Nearest" Green, an enslaved African-American man. Green was known to specialize in the Lincoln County Process, a distilling process that filters the whiskey through sugar maple charcoal. This process created the distinction between bourbon and the Tennessee whiskey known today. While under Green as an apprentice, Daniel was taught the Lincoln County Process. After taking over the distillery in 1884, Daniel purchased the hollow and land where the distillery is now located. He began using square-shaped bottles, intended to convey a sense of fairness and integrity, in 1897. Jack Daniel's had a surge in popularity after the whiskey received the gold medal for the finest whiskey at the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair. However, its local reputation began to suffer as the temperance movement began gaining strength in Tennessee. In 1911, Daniel died from blood poisoning. An oft-told tale is that the infection began in one of his toes, which Daniel injured one early morning at work by kicking his safe in anger when he could not get it open (he was said to always have had trouble remembering the combination). Daniel's modern biographer has asserted, however, that this account is not true. While the passage of the Twenty-first Amendment in 1933 repealed prohibition at the federal level, state prohibition laws (including Tennessee's) remained in effect, thus preventing the Lynchburg distillery from reopening. Motlow, who had become a Tennessee state senator, led efforts to repeal these laws, which allowed production to restart in 1938. The five-year gap between national repeal and Tennessee repeal was commemorated in 2008 with a gift pack of two bottles, one for the 75th anniversary of the end of prohibition and a second commemorating the 70th anniversary of the reopening of the distillery. From 1942 to 1946, the Jack Daniel's distillery ceased operations when the U.S. government banned the manufacture of whiskey due to World War II. Motlow resumed production of Jack Daniel's in 1947 after good-quality corn was again available. The company was later incorporated as "Jack Daniel Distillery, Lem Motlow, Prop., Inc.", allowing the company to continue to include Motlow in its tradition-oriented marketing. Likewise, company advertisements continue to use Lynchburg's 1960s-era population figure of 361, though the city has since formed a consolidated city-county government with Moore County. Its official population is more than 6,000, according to the 2010 census. In 1956, the company was sold to the Brown-Forman Corporation. In 1972, the Jack Daniel's Distillery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. In 2012, a Welshman, Mark Evans, claimed to have discovered the original recipe for Daniel's whiskey in a book written in 1853 by his great-great-grandmother. Evans said that his great-great-grandmother's brother-in-law, John "Jack the lad" Daniels, had taken the recipe to Tennessee. == Recent history ==

Lowering to 80 proof Until 1987, Jack Daniel's black label was historically produced at 90 U.S. proof (45% alcohol by volume). The lower-end green label product was 80 proof. However, starting in 1987, the other label variations also were reduced in proof. This began with black label being initially reduced to 86 proof. Both the black and green label expressions are made from the same ingredients; the difference is determined by professional tasters, who decide which of the batches would be sold under the "premium" black label, with the rest being sold as "standard" green label. A further dilution began in 2002 when all generally available Jack Daniel's products were reduced to 80 proof, thus further lowering production costs and excise taxes. This reduction in alcohol content, which was done without any announcement, publicity or change of logo or packaging, A few years later, Advertising Age said in 2005 that "virtually no one noticed" the change, and confirmed that sales of the brand had actually increased since the dilution began. and remains the flagship product of Brown–Forman Corporation. In 2017 the product had sales of 12.9 million cases. Underlying net sales for the Jack Daniel's brand grew by 3% (−1% on a reported basis). Other brand variations, such as Tennessee Honey, Gentleman Jack, and Tennessee Fire, added another 2.9 million cases to sales. Sales of an additional 800,000 equivalent cases in ready to drink (RTD) products brought the fiscal year total to more than 16.1 million equivalent adjusted cases for the entire Jack Daniel's family of brands. Tennessee Honey and Tennessee Fire were also solid contributors to the total underlying net sales growth of 3% (flat on a reported basis) for the Jack Daniel's family of brands. They grew underlying net sales by 4% and 14% (3% and 18% on a reported basis), respectively. Premium brand Gentleman Jack grew underlying net sales mid-single digits, while the RTD/RTP segment increased underlying net sales by 6% (3% on a reported basis). More recently, in 2017, it ranked at number 16 on the IWSR's Real 100 Spirits Brands Worldwide list. Additionally, the brand evaluation consultancy Intangible Business ranked Jack Daniel's fourth on its Power 100 Spirits and Wine list in both 2014 and 2015. Sponsorships Holden Commodore (VE) of Todd Kelly at the 2010 Adelaide 500 From 2006 until 2015, Jack Daniel's sponsored V8 Supercar teams Perkins Engineering and Kelly Racing. Jack Daniel's also sponsored the Richard Childress Racing 07 car (numbered after the "Old No. 7") in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series from 2005 to 2009, beginning with driver Dave Blaney and soon moving to Clint Bowyer. Jack Daniel's also sponsors Zac Brown Band's tours. In September 2022, Jack Daniel's signed a multi-year partnership deal with McLaren starting from the 2023 season onwards. As part of the partnership, Jack Daniel's released a McLaren Racing limited edition of the Old No. 7 which paid tribute to the founders of both companies – Jack Daniel and Bruce McLaren. For the 2023 Las Vegas Grand Prix, McLaren raced a special Jack Daniel's branded livery with a Jack Daniel's collage highlighted across both cars' rear sidepod and engine cover. Master distillers Former Master Distillers include Nathan "Nearest" Green (1875–81), Jess Motlow (1911–41), Lem Tolley (1941–64), Jess Gamble (1964–66), and Frank Bobo (1966–92). Jimmy Bedford held the position for 20 years. Bedford retired in mid-2008 after being the subject of a $3.5 million sexual harassment lawsuit against the company that ended in an out-of-court settlement, and he died on August 7, 2009, after suffering a heart attack at his home in Lynchburg. Jeff Arnett, a company employee since 2001, became Master Distiller in 2008. On September 3, 2020, Arnett announced that he was stepping down from the company. On April 20, 2021, he announced that he and partners were opening Company Distilling, a new whiskey distillery, near the Great Smoky Mountains. Chris Fletcher became the 8th Master Distiller in 2020 after serving as Assistant Master Distiller for six years prior. Fletcher is the grandson of former Master Distiller, Frank Bobo. Tennessee Squires A Tennessee Squire is a member of the Tennessee Squire Association, which was formed in 1956 to honor special friends of the Jack Daniel's distillery. Many prominent business and entertainment professionals are included among the membership, which is obtained only through recommendation of a current member. Squires receive a wallet card and deed certificate proclaiming them as "owner" of an unrecorded plot of land at the distillery and an honorary citizen of Moore County, Tennessee. Trade war During the trade war that was started by Donald Trump in 2025, sales of Jack Daniel's whiskey went down. Export to Canada was 62% lower in Q2 2025 compared to the same period one year earlier. == Production process ==

The mash for Jack Daniel's is composed of 80% corn, 12% rye, and 8% malted barley, and is distilled in copper stills. It is then filtered through stacks of sugar maple charcoal. The company argues this extra step makes the product different from bourbon. However, Tennessee whiskey is required to be "a straight Bourbon Whiskey" under terms of the North American Free Trade Agreement and Canadian law. A distinctive aspect of the filtering process is that the Jack Daniel's brand grinds its charcoal before using it for filtering. After the filtering, the whiskey is stored in newly handcrafted oak barrels, which give the whiskey its color and most of its flavor.) Prior to 2014, the company's barrels were produced by Brown-Forman in Louisville, Kentucky. That year, the company opened a new cooperage in Trinity, Alabama. == Legal status ==

On a state level, Tennessee has imposed stringent requirements. To be labeled as Tennessee whiskey, it is not enough under state law that the whiskey be produced in Tennessee; it must meet quality and production standards. These are the same standards used by Jack Daniel's Distillery, and some other distillers are displeased with the requirements being enshrined into law. As federal law requires statements of origin on labels to be accurate, the Tennessee law effectively gives a firm definition to Tennessee whiskey, requiring Tennessee origin, maple charcoal filtering by the Lincoln County process prior to aging, and the basic requirements of bourbon (at least 51% corn, new oak barrels, charring of the barrels, and limits on alcohol by volume concentration for distillation, aging, and bottling). The company was the subject of a proposal to locally surtax its product in 2011. It was claimed that the distillery, the main employer in a company town, had capitalized on the bucolic image of Lynchburg, Tennessee, and it ought to pay a tax of $10 per barrel. The company responded that such a tax is a confiscatory imposition penalizing it for the success of the enterprise. The proposed tax faced a vote by the Metro Lynchburg-Moore County Council and was defeated 10–5. Moore County, where the Jack Daniel's distillery is located, is one of the state's many dry counties. While it is legal to distill the product within the county, it is illegal to purchase it there. However, a state law has provided one exception: a distillery may sell one commemorative product at a time, regardless of county statutes. == Labels ==

• Old No. 7, also known as "Black Label": this is the original Jack Daniel's label (80 proof/40% ABV; previously 90 proof/45% ABV until 1987). • Gentleman Jack: Charcoal filtered twice, compared to once with Old No. 7 (80 proof/40% ABV) • Single Barrel: (94 proof/47% ABV) • 1907: sold in the Australian market (74 proof/37% ABV) • Añejo Tequila Barrel-Finished Tennessee Whiskey: limited edition • Bottled-In-Bond: only on military bases (100 proof/50% ABV) • Bonded: Domestic release of Bottled-In-Bond label (100 proof/50% ABV) • Bonded Rye (100 proof/50% ABV) • Triple Mash Bonded: Blend of malt, rye and Tennessee whiskey (100 proof/50% ABV) • Green Label: A lighter-bodied bottling of Old No. 7 (80 proof/40% ABV) • No. 27 Gold: Limited release (80 proof/40% ABV) • Silver Select: (100 proof/50% ABV). • Sinatra Select: named for Frank Sinatra (90 proof / 45% ABV) • Sinatra Century: limited edition released for Sinatra's 100th birthday (100 proof / 50% ABV) • Single Barrel Barrel Proof (125–140 proof / 62.5–70% ABV) • Single Barrel Rye: launched 2016 (94 proof/47% ABV) • Single Barrel Select Eric Church Edition (94 proof/47% ABV) • Tennessee Rye (90 proof/45% ABV) Liqueur • Tennessee Blackberry: Blackberry liqueur blended with less than 20% whiskey (70 proof/35% ABV) • Tennessee Honey: Honey liqueur blended with less than 20% whiskey (70 proof/35% ABV) • Tennessee Fire: Cinnamon liqueur blended with less than 20% whiskey (70 proof/35% ABV) • Tennessee Apple: Apple liqueur blended with less than 20% whiskey (70 proof/35% ABV) • Winter Jack: Seasonal blend of apple cider liqueur and spices (30 proof/15% ABV) == Distillery ==

The Jack Daniel Distillery in Lynchburg is situated in and around a hollow known as "Stillhouse Hollow" or "Jack Daniel's Hollow", where a spring flows from a cave at the base of a limestone cliff. The limestone removes iron from the water, making it ideal for distilling whiskey (water heavy in iron gives whiskey a bad taste). The visitor center, dedicated in June 2000, contains memorabilia related to the distillery and a gift shop. Paid tours of the distillery are conducted several times per day and a premium sampling tour is also offered. In February 2016 a $140 million expansion was announced for the distillery, including a plan to expand the visitors center and add two more barrel houses. == Mixed drinks ==

• Jack Daniel's is the alcoholic component of "Jack and Coke", a common variant of a highball also known as bourbon and Coke. In January 2016, Food and Beverage magazine dubbed the drink "The Lemmy" in honor of English lead vocalist and bassist of the band Motörhead, Lemmy, who died in December 2015, as it was his regular drink. • Jack Daniel's is also the alcoholic component of "Lynchburg lemonade". • Jack Daniel's is a common choice for the Tennessee Whiskey component of the "three wise men". == Gallery ==

File:Grain mill at Jack Daniel's Distillery.jpg|Grain mill at Jack Daniel's Distillery File:Whiskey barrels.jpg|Whiskey barrels in the distillery File:Whiskeybarrels.JPG|Inside the barrels File:Juicy sliced pork neck marinated in Jack Daniel’s sauce, served with roasted potatoes.jpg|Juicy sliced pork neck marinated in Jack Daniel's sauce, served with roasted potatoes == Cultural references ==

– "Jack Daniel's Green" Notable drinkers of Jack Daniel's • Frank Sinatra was a Jack Daniel's drinker. He was buried with a bottle of Jack Daniel's in 1998. • Lemmy of Motörhead cited Jack Daniel's as his drink of choice. Often in media appearances he would be seen drinking Jack Daniel's and Coke, and he reportedly drank a whole bottle every day for 38 years. • Eric Church, country singer-songwriter, wrote a song called "Jack Daniels" on his Chief album. Later he partnered with Jack Daniel's and created Eric Church Single Barrel Select. • K. Michelle, who was the first black woman to ever partner with the brand, released a song titled "Jack Daniel's" in 2025. Cover art • The cover of Mel McDaniel's third studio album ''I'm Countryfied'' (1980) featured a design based on the label of Jack Daniel's whiskey. • The cover of Patrick Wensink's book Broken Piano for President (2012) featured a design based on the label of Jack Daniel's whiskey, which resulted in a cease and desist letter from the company. However, the whiskey company said it could be done upon the book's next reprinting and it would compensate the author if he chose to comply during the current run. • The cover of ''The Dirt: Confessions of the World's Most Notorious Rock Band'' (2001), an autobiography collectively written by the members of the heavy metal band Mötley Crüe, includes a bottle design based on that of Jack Daniel's whiskey. • Charlie Daniels fourth studio album Way Down Yonder (1974) depicts bottles of Jack Daniel's on its cover art. == See also ==