Market2026 Hungarian parliamentary election
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2026 Hungarian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Hungary on 12 April 2026 to elect all 199 members of the National Assembly. It was the 10th parliamentary election and the highest-turnout election since Hungary's transition to democracy in 1990. The opposition Tisza Party, led by MEP and former Fidesz member Péter Magyar, obtained a landslide victory, defeating the incumbent Fidesz–KDNP government of Prime Minister Viktor Orbán, and ending the 16-year Orbán era. In the first election since 2006 not won by Fidesz–KDNP, Tisza Party won a two-thirds supermajority, which is the legislative threshold to amend the Fundamental Law of Hungary. In the process, it won both the largest number of votes and the largest percentage of seats that a Hungarian political party has ever won in a free election.

Background
Hungary under Viktor Orbán Orbán, the president of Fidesz since 2003 (he was previously the party leader from 1993 to 2000) and the co-president of the Fidesz–KDNP alliance formed in 2005, served as Prime Minister of Hungary from 1998 to 2002 and again from 2010 onwards, making him the longest tenured leader in the European Union. His government promoted Christian nationalism. that blends democracy with authoritarianism as it moved away from the rule of law. In a 2014 speech, Orbán himself described Hungary under his rule as an "illiberal state". Initially a liberal during the 1990s and early 2000s, he eventually evolved his politics closer to the radical right and the far-right, being widely considered one of the leaders of the global far-right. the same day of the successful 2003 Hungarian EU membership referendum. The major opposition came from Magyar and his Tisza Party, a centre-right and pro-European political party. Politico Europe described it as the most important election in the EU in 2026, while DW News described the election as a referendum on whether Hungary would continue to drift towards authoritarianism and Russia or change course towards liberal democracy and the EU. Some analysts argued that Magyar had leaned into some core continuities with Fidesz—including the use of nationalist and populist rhetoric, skepticism about Ukraine's accession to the EU, and rejection of the EU migration and asylum pact—and that a Magyar government was likely to continue these policies. Prior to the election, an analysis by Eulytix of Tisza Party's voting record in the European Parliament showed that "while Tisza Party MEPs are mostly aligned with pro-EU forces, they also engage in tactical alignment with Fidesz on politically sensitive issues such as Ukraine, agriculture and migration." The European Parliament views Hungary as a "hybrid regime of electoral autocracy" since 2022 and considers Hungary according to Article 7.1 of the Treaty on European Union in clear risk of a serious breach of the Treaty on European Union. In January 2024, a majority of MEPs voted for a resolution demanding that the Council of the European Union consider that Hungary be stripped of its EU voting rights under Article 7 of the Treaty. Rise of Tisza Party in 2024 in 2025 On 2 February 2024, it was revealed that President Katalin Novák had granted a pardon in April 2023 to a criminal involved in a pedophilia case. The Novák scandal resulted in her resignation and that of former justice minister Judit Varga, who had countersigned the pardon. Not long after, Magyar (Varga's ex-husband) posted on Facebook that he would resign from all of his government-related positions, stating that the past few years had made him realize that the idea of a "national, sovereign, bourgeois Hungary" stated as the goal of Orbán's rule was in fact a "political product" serving to obscure massive corruption and transfers of wealth to those with the right connections. On 15 March 2024, Magyar, despite initially refusing to participate in politics, held a rally attended by tens of thousands in Budapest at which he announced the formation of a new political party. According to polling conducted that month, around 15% of voters claimed they were "certain or highly likely" to vote for Magyar if he ran for office. On 10 April 2024, Magyar announced his bid to run in both the European Parliament and the General Assembly of Budapest with the then unknown Tisza Party, which finished in second place with nearly 30% of votes, the highest number and percentage of votes by any non-Fidesz party since the 2006 Hungarian parliamentary election. Following the 2024 European Parliament election in Hungary and the 2024 Budapest Assembly election, the strengthening of the Tisza Party continued and according to the independent/opposition-aligned polls, by the end of the year it had become the most popular political party in Hungary, or at least a close competitor to Fidesz, thus overturning the continuous dominance of ruling parties that had lasted since the Őszöd speech came to light. The Tisza Party selected 103 of its 106 future candidates for the election in a two-round primary late 2025. The party put forward 3 nominees in each district and in the first round all Tisza Sziget members above the age of 16 could vote. Voting took place via a modified Borda count. In the second round, voting was opened also to all resident citizens above 18 who could vote for either of the two advancing candidates. Winners were announced on 28 November 2025. Collapse of the previous opposition Prior to the presidential pardon scandal, the Democratic Coalition was considered as the strongest opposition party; its leading member Klára Dobrev even formed a one-party shadow cabinet in September 2022, which clearly indicated the role of the main challenger against the other opposition parties; however, public opinion polls in the two years after the 2022 parliamentary election measured the party's support at a maximum of 20%. Except for the Momentum Movement, Our Homeland Movement and Hungarian Two-Tailed Dog Party, the opposition parties – Hungarian Socialist Party, Jobbik, Dialogue – The Greens' Party and LMP – Hungary's Green Party – usually did not reach the threshold according to public opinion polls. The two years after the 2022 election were characterized by frozen party relations and political apathy, similar to much of the Orbán era, which consisted of a dominant ruling Fidesz–KDNP and, far behind, the medium and small opposition parties competing with each other for a non-growing bloc of opposition voters. Moreover, the governance by decree, introduced due to the permanent "state of emergency" due to the COVID-19 pandemic and later the Russo-Ukrainian war, significantly eroded the political significance of the parliament. The appearance and rapid advance of the Tisza Party completely rearranged the political party structure. The European Parliament election on 9 June 2024 was a complete disaster for the opposition parties; only DK–MSZP–Dialogue Alliance and Our Homeland Movement obtained mandates besides Fidesz–KDNP and Tisza Party, while the remaining parties – Momentum Movement, Hungarian Two-Tailed Dog Party, Jobbik, LMP – Hungary's Green Party, Second Reform Era Party, Everybody's Hungary People's Party and Solution Movement – did not. The Tisza Party's performance was characterized by the media as a challenge to the ruling political elite. The parliamentary opposition was mostly able to retain its seats in the local elections because the newly organized Tisza Party did not participate in that election – with the exception of Budapest. Klára Dobrev dissolved her shadow cabinet on the next day and the DK–MSZP–Dialogue Alliance also ceased to exist in October 2024. While the Tisza Party gradually caught up with Fidesz–KDNP during 2025, and then left it behind in the polls, the parliamentary opposition parties completely eroded. In the next month, two opposition parties, the Everybody's Hungary Peoples' Party and the Momentum Movement decided not to run in the next election in the interest of government change. In Summer 2025, the Yes Solidarity for Hungary Movement, which ran with the Hungarian Workers' Party as Leftist Alliance in some constituencies in 2022 decided not to contest in the upcoming parliamentary election. In January 2026, three other opposition parties – Solution Movement, Second Reform Era Party and LMP – Hungary's Green Party – announced within a week that they will not run in the parliamentary election. On 7 February 2026, Dialogue – The Greens' Party, announced their withdrawal from participation after the rapid failure of their new attempt called the Humanists' Party. On 20 February, the Hungarian Socialist Party – which also governed Hungary between 1994–1998 and 2002–2010, and is one of those parties remaining from the change of system in 1990, alongside Fidesz–KDNP – withdrew from the election, saying that an electoral system that amounted to "legalised cheating" (or "legalised fraud", depending on the translation) could only be overcome by uniting behind "the strongest opposition candidate" regardless of party. Amendment of the electoral law On 17 December 2024, the National Assembly voted on changes to the constituencies. As a result, the number of electoral districts in Budapest decreased from 18 to 16, while in Pest County the number of districts increased from 12 to 14. Border changes in some parts of Csongrád-Csanád County and Fejér County also happened. The ruling Fidesz–KDNP made the decision citing demographic changes in the 2022 census. According to the opposition, the real goal was to weaken their position in the constituencies, mainly capital ones, where they were previously elected directly. The changes were accused of amounting to gerrymandering, with the opposition Tisza Party needing to win by around 3–5 points in the national vote in order to get a majority in the Assembly. Abolished constituencies Budapest 17th constituencyBudapest 18th constituency New constituencies Pest County 13th constituencyPest County 14th constituency == Electoral system ==
Electoral system
The 199 members of the National Assembly were elected by mixed-member majoritarian representation; 106 elected in single-member constituencies by first-past-the-post voting, while the other 93 elected from nationwide party lists by modified proportional representation. The electoral threshold is set at 5% for single party lists, 10% for joint lists of two parties and 15% for joint lists of three or more parties. Since 2014, each of the Armenian, Bulgarian, Croatian, German, Greek, Polish, Romani, Romanian, Rusyn, Serbian, Slovak, Slovenian, and Ukrainian ethnic minorities can win one of the 93 party lists seats if they register as a specific list and reach a lowered quota of \frac{1}{4 \times 93}=\frac{1}{372} of the sum of party list votes and unused constituency votes of parties passing the electoral threshold, together with the votes cast for national minority lists. Each minority is able to send a minority spokesman – without the rights of an MP – to the National Assembly, if the list does not reach this lowered quota. Due to internal disputes, the National Self-Government of Serbs did not participate in the election. Fractional votes, calculated as all the votes of individual candidates not elected (but associated with a party list over the threshold), as well as surplus votes cast for successful candidates (margin of victory minus 1 vote), are added to the direct lists votes of the respective parties or alliances. Seats are then allocated using the D'Hondt method. == Contesting parties and candidates ==
Contesting parties and candidates
A national list can be submitted by a party with an individual candidate in 71 constituencies, at least 14 counties, and Budapest. Independents A total of 31 independent candidates contested the elections. Individual MPs not standing for re-election == Endorsements ==
Endorsements
{{Endorsements box|title=Viktor Orbán (Fidesz–KDNP) |colwidth=60|list= Heads of state and governmentDonald Trump, president of the United StatesJavier Milei, president of ArgentinaSantiago Peña, president of ParaguayBenjamin Netanyahu, prime minister of IsraelAleksandar Vučić, president of SerbiaRobert Fico, prime minister of SlovakiaVáclav Klaus, former president of the Czech RepublicJános Áder, former president of Hungary Executive branch officialsPetr Macinka, minister of foreign affairs of the Czech RepublicMatteo Salvini, deputy prime minister of ItalyMarco Rubio, United States secretary of state DeputiesTomasz Froelich, member of the European Parliament Party leadersSantiago Abascal, president of Patriots.euAfroditi Latinopoulou, president of Voice of ReasonJordan Bardella, president of the National RallyMarine Le Pen, parliamentary group leader of the National RallyGeert Wilders, chair of the Party for FreedomJarosław Kaczyński, chairman of Law and JusticeHerbert Kickl, chair of the Freedom Party of AustriaRemigijus Žemaitaitis, chairman of Dawn of NemunasMilorad Dodik, leader of the Alliance of Independent Social DemocratsIgor Dodon, leader of the Party of Socialists of the Republic of MoldovaMartin Helme, leader of the Conservative People's PartyHunor Kelemen, president of Democratic Union of Hungarians in RomaniaBálint Pásztor, leader of the Alliance of Vojvodina HungariansTamás Sneider, former president of Jobbik (in constituencies, also endorsed MH on party list) Political partiesPatriots.euDemocratic Party of Vojvodina HungariansDemocratic Union of Hungarians in RomaniaHungarian Alliance of TransylvaniaParty of Hungarians of UkraineEva Vlaardingerbroek, political commentator and activist • Donald Trump Jr., American businessman and political activist • György Budaházy, political activist (in constituencies, also endorsed MH on party list)Sarolta Zalatnay, singer • László Bölöni, football manager and former player • Joci Pápai, singer • Gabi Tóth, singer, dancer and television personality • Ferenc Demjén, singer • Enikő Muri, actress and singer • Katalin Makray, Olympic medalist gymnast and former first lady of Hungary • Erika Miklósa, female opera singer • Gábor Kucsera, sprint canoeist • Szabina Tápai, female handballer • Tamás Varga, Olympic champion water polo player • Attila Czene, Olympic champion swimmer • Edina Kulcsár, model and beauty queen • Sándor Bárdosi, Olympic medalist wrestler and mixed martial artist International officialsNicu Ștefănuță, vice-president of the European ParliamentPéter Balázs, former European commissioner for regional policy • Miklós Haraszti, former representative of the OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media Executive branch officialsGéza Jeszenszky, former minister of foreign affairs of HungaryPéter Ákos Bod, former minister of industry and trade of Hungary • Bálint Magyar, former minister of education of HungaryFerenc Juhász, former minister of defence of HungaryPál Vastagh, former minister of justice of HungaryHenrik Havas, former spokesperson of the government of HungaryGábor Borókai, former spokesperson of the government of Hungary DeputiesDaniel Freund, member of the European ParliamentChloé Ridel, member of the European ParliamentTineke Strik, member of the European ParliamentIstván Hiller, member of the National Assembly (on party list)Zsuzsanna Szelényi, former member of the National Assembly Local officialsGergely Karácsony, lord mayor of BudapestLászló Kiss, mayor of 3rd District of BudapestPéter Márki-Zay, mayor of HódmezővásárhelyLászló Botka, mayor of SzegedGábor Demszky, former lord mayor of BudapestJudit Csabai, former mayor of NyíregyházaSandro Gozi, secretary-general of the European Democratic PartyTerry Reintke, co-leader of the Greens–European Free AllianceUrmas Reinsalu, leader of Isamaa == Campaign ==
Campaign
During the election campaign, the Druzhba pipeline crisis happened. Hungary and Slovakia accused the Ukrainian authorities of deliberately delaying repairs for political reasons. Zelenskyy said he would prefer not to repair the Druzhba oil pipeline, stating that his position is "shared with European leaders." In February 2026, Telex published an article detailing the Samsung SDI battery factory's occupational safety deficiencies in Göd, such as personnel breathing toxic, carcinogenic heavy metals, sometimes hundreds of times above legal limits. Further reports showed how the factory emitted tons of toxic NMP into the air, and a mixture of toxic substances coming out of its vents. Orbán claimed that the opposition was lying to mislead the people, and that pollution from the factory exceeding legal limits was never measured. Parliamentary State Secretary Csaba Latorcai stated that the government strictly penalised the factory when pollution occurred inside the plant, and no pollution was detected that would have had any impact outside the factory. On 6 March, two cash transport vehicles with Ukrainian license plates were intercepted by the Counter Terrorism Centre (TEK) near Budapest. The transported money and gold were seized by the (NAV), and its seven workers were detained, later deported. During their detention, they were denied legal assistance and consular support. On the same day, the NAV started criminal proceedings on suspicion of money laundering in the case. The government claimed that the legal status of the seized assets could not be verified, while Oschadbank and Raiffeisen claimed that this was a documented, legal transfer of funds from Austria to Kyiv. Shipments like this had been done on a weekly basis, with the cooperation of the police and NAV. Ukraine stated that this operation was hostage-taking and robbery. Lóránt Horváth, the attorney of the detained workers, said that – contrary to what the official report stated – only the TEK was present at the interception, the NAV only arrived later. He said that TEK agents shouted contradictory commands, while holding the workers at gunpoint. He also said that they were handcuffed for 29 hours. The commander was denied access to his diabetic medication; instead, he was injected with an unknown substance against his will, which resulted in him ending up in a life-threatening condition and losing consciousness. The Guardian claimed that the substance was a relaxant, meant to make him more "talkative" during the interrogation. Starting March, Orbán announced his nationwide election rallies that would be open to everyone, unlike his past events. Telex observed a coordinated group of dozens of people who regularly appeared at these rallies. They reacted quickly when dissenting opinions were expressed: when people chanted "Filthy Fidesz" (), they started pro-Fidesz chants, and when someone held up a critical banner, they held up government-supporting ones. They also stood in front of or surrounded protesters, with the goal of intimidation. During later rallies, they ripped out protesters' banners and pushed them, and physically blocked the street leading to the event's location. During a 15 March demonstration in memory of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, Magyar accused Orbán of "treason" and inviting Russian agents to interfere in the election to Fidesz–KDNP advantage. During the same demonstration, individuals close to Fidesz – including minors – ran into the crowd and held up a massive Ukrainian flag. Photographers appeared on a nearby balcony and within the crowd who documented the incident, after which the individuals and photographers left. According to 444, this was coordinated by members of the Fidesz-affiliated Digital Democracy Development Agency. Numerous pro-government media outlets quickly reported on it, stating that this was expected from a Tisza event, while the Hungarian flag dominated Fidesz's parade. Fidesz politicians also posted about it on social media; these posts were liked by thousands of evidently fake profiles. The Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC) Hungary meeting had been connected to the campaign. On 21 March 2026, The Washington Post reported that Russia's Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR) proposed staging a false flag assassination attempt on Orbán in an attempt to improve his odds to win the election, according to an SVR internal report that was obtained and authenticated by a European intelligence service. On 26 March, Politico Europe reported that a Russian bot network had made social media posts promoting a narrative that Orbán would face an assassination attempt and presenting Ukraine and Zelenskyy as a threat to Orbán. During the same period, The Insider released a recording of a phone call between foreign ministers Péter Szijjártó and Sergey Lavrov from August 2024, where Lavrov reminded him to ask for Gulbahor Ismailova, the sister of Alisher Usmanov, to be removed from the list of persons under European Union sanctions. In another call, he allegedly told Lavrov "I am always at your disposal." Szijjártó also appeared to offer to send Lavrov a document about Ukraine's European Union accession. Poland and Ireland referred to the apparent leaked audio as ″repulsive″ and ″sinister″. On 26 March, the documentary film The Price of the Vote was released in Hungary detailing a six-month investigation by independent filmmakers and reporters, which alleged that Fidesz was engaging in a campaign of mass voter intimidation in poor rural or small-town communities prior to the election that have been Fidesz strongholds since 2010. In the film, it was alleged that local Fidesz mayors in such communities offer cash, work, firewood, transport to polling stations, access to medicine, and synthetic drugs in exchange for "correct" votes. In the film, it was also stated that an opposition candidate had dropped his bid to office after a child protection office in a Fidesz-ran area allegedly threatened to take his children into care. Throughout the campaign, there were several attacks against Magyar and Tisza Party, such as accusations of being a puppet of Brussels and Kyiv portrayed by comic book, publishing of parts of Magyar's sexual life, or candidates with same name as official Tisza Party candidates in the same electoral districts were all topics of the campaign. On 6 April, Serbian police found approximately of explosives at the TurkStream gas pipeline. This incident was quickly used by Orbán and Szijjártó in order to blame Ukraine for alleged attempts to cut Russian energy supplies to Hungary and Slovakia. Magyar quickly replied that this was a false flag operation, in order to delay the election due to Fidesz's insufficient polling results. Serbian intelligence chief Đuro Jovanić said that Ukraine was not involved in the explosives plot. US Vice President JD Vance visited Hungary on 7 April, holding a press conference and attending a rally with Orbán. On 10 April, the () was organised by Róbert Puzsér's () movement at Heroes' Square, financed by donations. By 17:30, the square was full, with the crowd stretching all the way to Kodály körönd, chanting "Filthy Fidesz" () and "Russians, go home!" (; from the 1956 revolution). Among the fifty performers were , , and Azahriah, with each of them performing one of their government-critical songs. Speeches were given by Puzsér, Bence Szabó, and Szilveszter Pálinkás . Series of interviews The final weeks of the campaign were characterized by a series of interviews published in independent media, with various representatives of the state sphere seeking to expose the nepotism, corruption and dysfunctionality of the state run by Fidesz. On 25 March, the interview of Bence Szabó, a police officer in the unit investigating child pornography crimes, was published, which was recorded in February. The Constitution Protection Office (AH) pressured the (NNI) to search through two men's homes – 38-year-old "Buddha" and 19-year-old "Gundalf" –, after receiving an anonymous tip suspecting child pornography. They were IT specialists of the Tisza Party, and no trace of child pornography was found on their seized devices; instead, hundreds of screenshots were found detailing a political conspiracy operation aimed at bringing Tisza down. In the interview, Szabó detailed how the story looked from the perspective of police officers, including the unusual intelligence agency interventions and the recruitment operation against Tisza. He said that the AH took the data from them without the necessary paperwork, and he confirmed that Magyar's ex-girlfriend, Evelin Vogel, was also a member of the team working against Tisza. Szabó claimed that a secret service group was obviously behind the operation against Tisza. After the Direkt36 article's publication, the police searched Szabó's apartment, interrogated him, and initiated proceedings against him for abuse of office. At the same time as Szabó was charged, Direkt36 published his interview. Government propaganda portrayed the two IT specialists as Ukrainian spies, while oppositional figures declared Gundalf and Szabó heroes. According to the screenshots found, the former IT specialist of Tisza, Dániel "Gundalf" Hrabóczki, was contacted by V. E. (who later appears as "Henry"), who tried to persuade him into granting him access to Tisza's IT infrastructure in order to bring that down, but Gundalf declined and reported this to his colleague. They had a belt with a hidden camera, with the intention of busting the recruiter, but police seized it and charged them with unlawful use of military equipment. On 28 March, the government posted a video of the AH's hearing of Gundalf after the raid. The government and Orbán claimed that he admitted to having been recruited by Ukrainians, despite the fact that he made no such statement. On the 30th, Gundalf gave an interview to 444, saying that he intentionally misled the agents during the AH's hearing. He justified this by claiming he received messages from an unknown "Theo", who said the AH was interfering with the proceedings against them and the AH itself organised the whole case, aligning with what Szabó said. According to defence minister Kristóf Szalay-Bobrovniczky, the statement was made with political intent, and he wrote that "the Hungarian Defence Forces is an institution independent of party politics, and will remain so." He later denied that there was a Chadian mission, even though Szalay-Bobrovniczky himself had made several statements about it years earlier and the legislature had voted on it. On 7 April, Pálinkás claimed in another interview that Szalay-Bobrovniczky made three offers to keep him quiet, which he all declined: a four-year military assignment in New York, appointing him as the commander of a newly created military organisation, and work in filmmaking. == Conduct ==
Conduct
Vote counting was described as free and fair by observers. Magyar called the election "a celebration of democracy" in his victory speech, and Orbán conceded the election. Fraud accusations before election Some observers voiced concerns about potential vote rigging by the ruling Fidesz–KDNP government and election interference from other authoritarian countries that support it, with 79% of Hungarians fearing foreign interference in the election according to a Publicus Institute poll. A late March 2026 poll by the independent pollster Medián had similarly showed that the majority of voters from both major parties believed that the opposing party would commit electoral fraud. Orbán supporters were alleging fraud before the elections. Opposition leader Magyar's Tisza party had made available its own system for voters to report fraud. Fidesz followed suit by enabling a hotline and a dedicated email address. Fidesz MEP Csaba Dömötör accused the opposition of fraud before saying: "They cry fraud but they are the ones committing it." Magyar said that he would accept the results before the elections as long as there is no serious electoral fraud, urging voters to report any irregularities they see. Following these reports, a group of Members of the European Parliament, including Tineke Strik, Michał Wawrykiewicz, and Sophie Wilmès, submitted a priority question to the European Commission. They requested a formal assessment of whether the Hungarian government's alleged facilitation of such interference violated the democratic principles enshrined in Article 2 of the Treaty on European Union. On 8 April 2026, a consortium of investigative journalists published transcripts of calls between Foreign Minister Péter Szijjártó and Russian officials. The leaks suggested that Budapest acted as a fifth column within the EU, with Szijjártó allegedly coordinating with Moscow to weaken sanctions and sharing information on Ukraine's EU accession process. These disclosures prompted the European Union to demand an urgent explanation from Budapest. The timing of the leak, occurring 72 hours before the national vote, became a central theme in the final days of the opposition's campaign, which used it to argue that the Orbán government had compromised national sovereignty. On 10 April 2026, two days before the election, research published by digital forensics experts and reported by Reuters identified a coordinated influence operation on Telegram. The research indicated that dozens of channels, previously used to spread Kremlin-aligned narratives regarding the war in Ukraine, simultaneously shifted focus to the Hungarian election. The operation promoted pro-Fidesz narratives while accusing the opposition of being "warmongers" who would drag Hungary into a conflict with Russia. Analysts noted that the timing and messaging of the posts were highly synchronized, suggesting a "bot farm" or a centralized command structure. These findings echoed earlier warnings from MEPs regarding the presence of Russian "political technologists" operating out of the Russian embassy in Budapest. Ukraine The Hungarian government accused the Ukrainian government of interfering in the elections, and Magyar and his Tisza Party of attempting to involve Hungary in the Russo-Ukrainian war. Volodymyr Zelenskyy, the president of Ukraine, stated that he hoped that a certain person (presumed to be Orbán) would not veto a European Union loan for Ukraine, otherwise he would "simply give the address of that person to our Armed Forces — our guys can call him and speak to him in their own language." This comment was condemned by Magyar, the European Commission, and António Costa (the president of the European Council). == Opinion polls ==
Opinion polls
Total The following graph presents the average of all polls. By affiliation The following two graphs present only the polls that are government-aligned or independent/opposition-aligned, respectively. File:2026 Hungarian election polls (Government-aligned).svg|Government-aligned polls File:2026 Hungarian election polls (Independent-Opposition-aligned).svg|Independent and opposition-aligned polls == Results ==
Results
Voting was held on 12 April 2026, and ran from 6:00 to 19:00 CEST. At 79.6%, it recorded a significant increase in turnout compared to 2022 and set by a large margin the turnout record since the 1990 Hungarian parliamentary election, which were the first free elections since 1945, overtaking the 2002 Hungarian parliamentary election that ended Orbán's first term as Prime Minister. It had the highest turnout since the 1985 Hungarian parliamentary election, the last election held under the Communist regime of the Hungarian People's Republic, and the results were described as "Hungary's most consequential" since the fall of Communism in 1989 (). Tisza Party swept Fidesz from power in a landslide victory. Tisza Party was assured of 138 seats in preliminary results. However, as the final votes were counted, including votes of the Hungarian diaspora, Tisza rose to 141 seats, while Fidesz's seat count dropped from 55 to 52 despite overwhelmingly leading among the diaspora. Due to the political polarisation between Fidesz and Tisza Party, as well as the high turnout, Hungary's ethnic minorities lost parliamentary representation. Election results List results The following shows the calculation of the list seats after the election. To this end the list votes and fractional votes of each party above the electoral threshold are taken into account, with the 93 seats being distributed using the D'Hondt method. No list of national minorities were able to obtain a seat because they did not fulfill the lowered quota of 1/372 of the votes. In this election, that threshold was 26,712 votes. List members Constituency results Party list results by county, postal, foreign and absentee votes {{right|{{Switcher Tisza Party swept every county in the list voting, as well as securing Budapest, where it recorded its best result at 63.8% of the vote. Such a performance reflected Budapest's status as the liberal capital, and mirrored the city's vote for the United for Hungary bloc in 2022. The party also performed strongly in the southern Csongrád-Csanád County, where Fidesz lost the most ground compared to 2022, and in the Pest County around the national capital. Conversely, Fidesz recorded its best national result in the eastern Szabolcs–Szatmár–Bereg County, securing 43.4% of the vote; however, they performed significantly better in the postal voting among the Hungarian diaspora, winning 84.2% of the vote. Despite the large margin of victory for Fidesz, the diaspora vote shifted away from the bloc, reportedly by some ten percent of the vote. came in third, performing the best in the northern Nógrád County with 7.3% of the vote. Party list results by settlement type Party list results by settlement size Turnout == Aftermath and reactions ==
Aftermath and reactions
Analysis Domestically, Politico attributed Magyar's victory to six factors: fallout from former President Novák's pardon scandal (Hungarian: kegyelmi ügy), which occurred in February 2024 and had severely eroded Fidesz's image as a protector of traditional family values; Orbán's inability to keep pace with Magyar's more energetic campaign strategy; voters' displeasure with the Orbán government's closeness to Russia and Vladimir Putin in the context of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and the lingering collective memory of the Soviet occupation of Hungary; inflation and a stagnant economy; Magyar's successful use of social media; and the large youth turnout for Tisza. Other outlets, including The New York Times, reported widespread popular dissatisfaction with Fidesz's governance strategies of clientelism and state capture, which had caused endemic corruption and democratic backsliding in Hungary. In contrast to the 2022 general election, which saw significant urban–rural political polarization, Tisza was able to win Budapest, smaller cities, and the countryside alike. In fact, rural villages—previously Fidesz's bastions of support—swung toward Tisza by the largest margins. Analysts viewed this as indicating that Tisza had achieved widespread societal buy-in in a way that previous challengers to Fidesz had not, leading some to characterize the election as an "electoral" or even "color revolution." The election marked the first time since 2002 that only three parties or alliances received mandates in the National Assembly and the first time in 106 years that no left-wing parties secured any parliamentary mandates. Internationally, Magyar's win was generally seen as indicating a desire on the part of the Hungarian electorate to move the country closer to the EU and away from both Russia under Putin and the United States under the second Trump administration; Orbán had closely associated himself with Putin, US President Donald Trump, and US Vice President Vance. Some obeservers saw Magyar's victory as loss for the global far-right more broadly and predicted that other European right-wing populist or sovereigntist governments, like the Meloni government in Italy, would adjust course in response. The results were described as potentially positive for the functioning of EU institutions in particular, as Orbán had long been a Eurosceptic and used Hungary's veto power to stymie the EU's collective decision-making abilities. Finally, observers predicted that Hungary–Poland relations would improve after the election due to Magyar's less aggressively anti-Ukrainian foreign policy stance. Domestic After many media outlets began to project Magyar as the winner, Orbán congratulated Magyar via a phone call. The announced results were described as free and fair. Magyar said that "today was a celebration of democracy" Accordingly, he called on "all the puppets" of the Orbán "regime" to resign, including the Prosecutor General, the presidents of the Supreme Court and the Constitutional Court, the director of the Hungarian Media Authority, and other key government officials whom Orbán had appointed. László Toroczkai, whose far-right Our Homeland Movement managed to cross the 5% election threshold, reacted negatively to the election results, promising to appeal the vote count to the European Court of Human Rights. He further blamed Magyar's election on "multinational corporations", singling out Facebook, while noting that Our Homeland Movement's level of support had remained unchanged from the previous election. Meanwhile, following her party's failure to clear the threshold to enter the parliament, Dobrev resigned as leader of the Democratic Coalition and congratulated Magyar. The Hungarian Two-Tailed Dog Party, having received less than 1% of votes, found itself needing to repay the state the approximately 686 million Hungarian forints it had received in campaign support. International Many world leaders congratulated Magyar on, or reacted to, his electoral victory. European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen, who had long clashed with Orbán, reacted positively to the election results, saying that "Europe's heart is beating stronger in Hungary tonight". Slovak Prime Minister Robert Fico, a key ally of Orbán, acknowledged "the choice of the Hungarian people" while calling for a revival of the Visegrád Group. Immediately following the election, Serbian President Aleksandar Vučić congratulated Magyar; the next day, he expressed disagreement with Magyar's suggestion that Serbia and Hungary were in Russia's sphere of influence and credited Orbán for having eased Hungarian–Serbian tensions during his premiership. Marine Le Pen, the former leader of France's National Rally, expressed disappointment in the election results, arguing that Orbán had "courageously and resolutely defended Hungary's freedom and sovereignty" for 16 years. Former US President Barack Obama reacted positively to the news, describing Magyar's win as a "victory for democracy, not just in Europe but around the world", and compared it to the 2023 Polish parliamentary election that ended the eight-year rule of Law and Justice. Similarly, former Secretary of State and 2016 presidential nominee Hillary Clinton called the result "a win for democracy" and "a significant defeat for Putin, for Trump and for the forces of authoritarianism around the world". Republicans Within the Republican Party, reaction was mixed. Trump, a close ally of Orbán, One day later, he said in an interview with Corriere della Sera that "it wasn't my election" but that Orbán was "friend of mine ... a good man", and that he did "a good job on immigration". In a separate interview with ABC News that same day, Trump offered a positive assessment of Magyar, calling him a "good man" who would "do good work". Trump then claimed that he had not been "very involved" in the Hungarian election despite having repeatedly endorsed Orbán, which commentators interpreted as Trump's attempting to distance himself from an unsuccessful candidate. Vance said that he was "sad" but "not surprised" by the election result, although he had campaigned beside Orbán in Budapest and expressed confidence in a Fidesz victory a week prior to the election. Senator from Kentucky and former Senate majority leader Mitch McConnell, writing in an opinion piece for Fox News, criticised American conservatives' fascination with Orbán's social and cultural policies and opined that these were irrelevant to US foreign policy interests. Senator from Mississippi Roger Wicker similarly interpreted the result through a geopolitical lens, viewing it as Hungarian voters' rejection of Orbán's closeness to Putin. Prominent Russian businessman and Putin ally Kirill Dmitriev opined that the results would "accelerate the collapse of the EU". Magyar, who had spoken to around ten European leaders by the day after his victory, said that he would not initiate a call with Putin but would speak with him if the Russian side requested this. Magyar added he would encourage Putin to "put an end to the killing and end this war". == Government formation ==
Government formation
Magyar government's programme Securing a parliamentary supermajority, Magyar declared the end of Orbán's political system as he gained the ability to amend the constitution and dismantle Fidesz control over the judiciary, state-owned enterprises, and the media. Magyar announced plans for sweeping political reforms and called for the resignation of several senior officials, including President Sulyok. Positioning Hungary toward closer alignment with Western institutions, Magyar pledged to restore the country as a strong ally within the EU and NATO. Commentators noted that Magyar's list of individuals associated with Orbán who should resign did not include prominent Fidesz politican Mihály Varga, the governor of the Hungarian National Bank, suggesting that Magyar would seek to cooperate with Varga. Meetings Magyar requested a meeting with Sulyok on 15 April to discuss the transition towards a new government. Sulyok agreed to a meeting on 15 April with Magyar, Orbán, and Toroczkai. After his meeting with Sulyok, Magyar said that he had reiterated his call for Sulyok to resign from office; according to Magyar, Sulyok responded that he would "take [Magyar's] arguments into consideration" on this point. Sulyok also committed himself to convening the National Assembly "at the earliest possible date after the final result is announced" and that he would "officially nominate" Magyar for the post of Prime Minister on that date. Magyar expressed a desire for this date to be as early as 4 May but said he believed that 6–7 May was more likely. The National Assembly is expected to be convened in early May, with Magyar nominated as Prime Minister. The date was ultimately set for 9 May. == See also ==
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