1991–2008: The Royal Family and early career Rivera appeared in commercials for
Kmart as a baby, but her first significant acting job was at the age of four when she appeared as Hillary Winston on the
CBS sitcom
The Royal Family in 1991. which Rivera witnessed; the series was retooled after Foxx's death, but was eventually canceled. As a child and teen actor between 1992 and 2002, Rivera was part of the golden age of
black sitcoms, Growing up mixed-race in the entertainment industry, she found that her ethnicity could both help and stifle her opportunities; sometimes she found that she could not be typecast by casting directors because she "wasn't Black enough, or Latina enough" and struggled to get roles as either ethnicity, but has also said that she "could play a lot of different ethnicities, from just plain old dark-skinned white girl, to Latino, to African-American", broadening the roles she could audition for. This also concerned her, feeling that she may have been chosen for modeling jobs to be the "ethnic girl". In 2016, she discussed how she still faced racism in casting at this point in her career, using the example of an audition where she was told that the part was instead cast to a white woman because "the size of [her] lips [was] distracting to male execs", saying: "does she know that's racist? I'm Hispanic and black; you can't say that". She also recorded music as a teenager, with her father sneaking her into his workplace, By this point, she was working less frequently. In between auditions and roles, Rivera worked jobs as a
telemarketer, a
nanny, and a greeter at an
Abercrombie & Fitch store. In 2006 and 2007, she took part in a production of Mark E. Swinton's play, ''U Don't Know Me: The Musical'', both in Los Angeles and when the production was taken on national tour. In March 2008, Rivera began studying
screenwriting at
New York Film Academy, graduating the same year.
2009–2011: Breakthrough with Glee In 2009, Rivera was cast as
Santana Lopez, a high school cheerleader, on
Fox's musical comedy series
Glee, about a high school
glee club. She auditioned for the opportunity "to sing, dance and act all in the same show", and because she was a fan of co-creator
Ryan Murphy's previous work on
Nip/Tuck. though Santana played a more prominent part in the last nine episodes of it; Rivera said at the time that "Santana's been wreaking havoc with people's boyfriends and people's babies and teachers – she's the high school terror, and she's going to continue to be the villain". Rivera continued as a nanny while working on the first three episodes of
Glee, not knowing if they would bring her back; Murphy was so impressed by her that he "convinced the network" to contract her at this point. something said to be earned because her "magnetism on screen was undeniable". and is celebrated for the representation that Santana and her portrayal of the character provide, one feature on Rivera's legacy said that "in a landscape starved of representation, Santana was an oasis. A bold, well-rounded, hilarious woman of colour who was openly and unapologetically gay". Rivera and Morris played girlfriends and ultimately wives on the show; Rivera said that the pair were comfortable filming intimate scenes, but that these became awkward because "all the guys wanted to visit the set". In 2011, Rivera won her first
ALMA Award for Favorite Female Music Artist;
TV Guide Best Performances of 2011, and
MTV's Best TV Characters of 2011. In 2020, Santana appeared on the
Thrillist list of the 100 Greatest TV Characters of the 21st Century, ranking at number 85 and the only
Glee character included. In the
third season, Rivera's character Santana was outed and began to publicly accept her sexuality, giving Rivera more complex and emotional storylines. and worked with
Gloria Estefan, who was cast as Santana's mother. Estefan said that she studied Rivera's performance as inspiration for her own character, explaining: "I already knew [Santana] was very sarcastic, but [she] also has a heart, [...] So her mother had to be tough as nails, but with that little sarcastic edge", while also being supportive. Discussing Emmy nominations in 2012,
Collider said that Rivera was "arguably the only bright spot" of the season.
Study Breaks highlighted that while Santana had impactful storylines about her sexuality, she strayed from the "popular trope" of queer characters being defined by their queerness, as "she also stars in many other storylines in the show. The writers of
Glee make it abundantly clear that Santana is a lesbian, but she is also a fierce, motivated dreamer who loves and loses like everyone else", with the article adding that her "firm sense of self goes beyond her race and sexuality". As the
64th Primetime Emmy Awards approached in 2012, Rivera was listed by many critics and media outlets as deserving of a nomination;
The Hollywood Reporter included her in their "Emmys 2012: Supporting Players" photoshoot, the annual class photo of the 25 top contenders across the various Supporting performance categories, and she was honored by media outlets like
E!, HitFix, and
TV Guide. She was chosen by the Television Academy to host the "Countdown to the Emmys" video for the then-upcoming awards ceremony, a video introduction to each year's ceremony that is watched by an estimated 25 million people. For the awards, Rivera submitted the
Glee episode "
Mash Off" for consideration in the
Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series category (an episode that had generated much Emmy attention) because it "was so well rounded. [
Glee is] a comedy but [she] also got to show off some dramatic aspects of the character" in it.
The Daily Beast argued that she and other actors were overlooked because of their characters being young, while in 2020, Television Academy received
criticism for years of Latin under-representation at the Emmys.
2012–2014: Musical solo debut and film debut . Rivera remained in a principal role on
Glee in its fourth and fifth seasons from 2012 to 2014. While working on the later seasons of
Glee, Rivera undertook other projects. In May 2011, it was announced that she had signed a deal with
Columbia Records to produce a solo album; she said she had "been waiting for this day ever since [she] was a little girl" and that "it's always been [her] dream to release [her] own music". In 2012, the musical duo
2Cellos released the second single to their second album, a cover of
Muse's "
Supermassive Black Hole" featuring vocals by Rivera. She also starred in the music video for the song. Rivera and 2Cellos had first met and worked together with
Grant Gustin for a song featured on
Glee, with the cellists thinking that Rivera's "sexy voice" would be perfect for their Muse cover. At a point in the early production of the 2012
movie adaptation of
The Hunger Games, Rivera had been considered for the role of
Katniss Everdeen, a part she did not get, and was later a favorite to be cast as
Johanna Mason in the sequel
Catching Fire, a role she said she "would love to play". When the
fourth season of
Glee went into production, Rivera expressed a desire for more of her character's family to be shown and for her to have more Spanish dialogue to "really celebrate the culture", saying that there should be more Latin characters;
Vulture said that Rivera was "the best part of [the fourth season], even if she hasn't been in every episode"; Santana's stories included separating with Morris' character
Brittany and moving to
New York City. In the summer of 2013,
Complex described her as "the biggest star on the [show]" with her own "cult-like fan base". Production of the
fifth season of
Glee was briefly postponed following the death of actor
Cory Monteith as it was due to begin filming in July 2013; Rivera was close to Monteith and provided a statement that said he "always will be a part of [her] own family", as well as leading a moment of silence for him at the
Giffoni Film Festival on July 24, 2013. In the fifth season, Santana embarks on a new relationship with
Demi Lovato's character Dani before returning to Brittany, though Rivera did not appear in the season finale. Rivera's debut single "
Sorry", featuring rapper
Big Sean, was released as a digital download on September 17, 2013. While her most popular performances on
Glee were softer ballads, she chose to write "something a little more glossy and soulful" for her own music and worked with her own team, including
Glee drummer John Lock, rather than go with Columbia's suggestions; she said she told the label: "This is what I'm doing. Get on or get off. I think ["Sorry"] is a summer song, and I want it on the radio by the end of the summer". However, production on the album "kind of halted" due to "so many things going on". During this period she starred in an
M&M's commercial titled "Love Ballad" that aired during
Super Bowl XLVII on February 3, 2013, as the girlfriend of the anthropomorphic "Red" M&M character, and voiced a rebellious reindeer character called Sparkle in the 2013 Christmas movie
The Naughty List, for which she won a voice acting award. ''
At the Devil's Door'', Rivera's debut feature film, in which she played the lead role of Vera, premiered at the
South by Southwest Film Festival in
Austin, Texas, on March 9, 2014. The film has been described by its director,
Nicholas McCarthy, as "a unique kind of genre film I think, almost like a
Rubik's Cube of a horror movie". Rivera explained that "there wasn't much screaming. It's not a jumpy film." It continued to play at festivals, receiving mixed reviews. Rivera's acting, however, received praise. Edgar Chaput of
Sound on Sight called Rivera "the standout [and] the most natural performance in the film", and Marsha McCreadie of
Film Journal wrote that the film "doesn't pick up steam until late in the story, when Rivera carries the narrative".
Diabolique magazine's Jeremy Kibler wrote: "Coming primarily from a TV background and fun to watch [...] the eye-grabbing Naya Rivera adjusts to the big screen with ease in front of the camera. Her Vera is headstrong and rigid but cut with just the right amount of vulnerability". On May 1, 2014, it was reported that Columbia had dismissed Rivera because her debut single had underperformed, but Rivera's representative released a statement to news outlets stating that such claims were false, and they may pursue legal action to ensure Rivera's creditability. Rivera subsequently worked on a project with
Guillermo Díaz, directing a short film PSA about the effect of
immigration on children and their parents. Díaz's part of the project focuses on telling the stories of
young DREAMers and the fear they have of their mothers being deported, and Rivera's part explores the culture of immigrants in the United States. The film is visually very stylized, and incorporates
360-degree shots. Rivera told
Buzzfeed at the time that "immigration shows how beautiful America is as a country, how diverse it is [...] it's what you get when you have different cultures in one place. If everybody thought that way, [immigration] would be more of a no-brainer". and from 2014 to 2015 was a recurring guest host of
The View. Rivera was the first person considered for the role of Blanca on
Devious Maids, as the producers were "very interested in having a name actress play the role"; they initially did not really think that Rivera would be interested. Mitchel Broussard for
We Got This Covered said that she was "maybe [the] most interesting" part of the season, and that her storyline "oozed the show's telenovela origins". Rivera was also working on music with Gloria Estefan around this time after having met on
Glee; Rivera's pregnancy "sidetracked" this partnership and they did not produce anything. Rivera wrote a memoir called
Sorry Not Sorry: Dreams, Mistakes, and Growing Up, published in September 2016, which was something she had decided to do while hosting
The View and being suddenly struck when an audience member asked her what it was like to be a role model, feeling that she was in Santana's shadow. She decided to reveal more about her life and choices so that she could better feel like she deserved the title. Jarett Wieselman of
BuzzFeed News wrote at the time of its release that the book was important to Rivera because "she was very pregnant when
Glee ended, so it was basically impossible to capitalize on the show's momentum", but she could still write. After the birth of her son in September 2015, Rivera chose to take some time off acting to spend with him because of the disruptive lifestyle that comes with filming for television. She returned with a secondary character role in another film,
Mad Families, in 2017. The film focuses on three families (one white, one Latino, and one African-American) being forced together on a camping trip, with Rivera's "peacemaker" character Felipa being involved with both the Latino and Black families. In 2018, she auditioned for the role of Anita in the 2021 remake of
West Side Story with the song "
America", a song and role that she had performed on
Glee. Rivera was announced as part of the cast for the
YouTube Red series
Step Up: High Water in 2017, taking the leading role of school administrator and dance instructor Collette Jones, alongside
Ne-Yo and
Faizon Love. The show's executive producer,
Adam Shankman, had directed Rivera in the
Glee episode "The Rocky Horror Glee Show" and helped her prepare for her first solo in it. He said that Rivera took the leading role in
Step Up as "a favor" to him before becoming "the mother of [the] whole cast" and the show's "North Star". Showrunner
Holly Sorensen recalled that Collette was one of the last characters to be cast; Shankman called Rivera as soon as she was discussed for the role and Rivera was immediately enthusiastic. Rivera said during the second season that the show felt like home in the way making
Glee did. The series moved to
Starz in May 2020, and Rivera was announced to be continuing her role; at the time, the third season was in production, but no timetable for its release was given. Sorensen said Rivera was "more excited than she's ever been for a season of TV". After Rivera's death,
Deadline reported that the third season would be rewritten, but "not right away" as the series took a production hiatus to allow the cast and crew to process Rivera's death. In 2019, it had been reported that the comic
Batman: The Long Halloween was being adapted into a
two-part animated film for
DC Universe Animated Original Movies, with Rivera voicing
Catwoman. The
first part was released on June 22, 2021, and is dedicated in her memory; the
second part was released a month later. ==Public image==