First Nations Throughout the last several millennia, the area that is now Langley Township was inhabited by various
Stó꞉lō nations, including the
Katzie and
Kwantlen. There is limited recorded history from this time, as much was passed down through
oral tradition rather than written documents. The Kwantlen were a major factor in the salmon trade that later operated out of the
Fort Langley. Simon Fraser, while traveling through the Sto:lo territory in 1808 recorded the image of a Kwantlen village: Their houses are built of cedar planks and in shape, similar to the one already described, the whole range, which is six hundred and forty feet long by sixty broad, is under one roof, the front is eighteen feet high and the covering is slanting: all the apartments which are separated by partitions are square, except the Chief's, which is ninety feet long. In this room the posts or pillars are nearly three feet in diameter at the base and diminish gradually to the top. In one of these posts is an oval opening answering the purpose of the door through which one man may crawl in or out. Above, on the outside, are carved human figures as large as life, with other figures in imitation of beasts and birds.
Fort Langley (1827–1955) Locomotive at the Langley Railway Station, 1924 The first Europeans to stay in the area permanently were the traders of the
Hudson's Bay Company (HBC). In 1827,
Fort Langley was built on the banks of the Fraser River, in the area now known as
Derby Reach. It was one of a string of trading posts built along the Pacific Coast to compete with American fur traders for the rich pelts available in the region. Farming as well as cranberry and salmon exports soon replaced fur trading as the fort's primary source of income. The first fort (1827–1839), built with two bastions, a wooden stockade and several buildings, proved to have been built too close to a fast-moving part of the river, in an area prone to flooding. It was rebuilt in 1839 farther upstream. As the HBC's network of forts in the interior grew, Fort Langley became a hub for farming, smithing and for shipping furs back to Europe. Along with farming, the export of cranberries and salmon would soon become the fort's main source of profit. In 1858,
gold was discovered in the Fraser River in what is now the
interior of British Columbia, and the fort also became important as a supply station for the miners heading up the river toward the gold fields. With thousands of gold prospectors, many of them American, streaming into the region, the British government created
British Columbia as a colony.
James Douglas was sworn in as the new colony's first governor in Fort Langley, but
New Westminster was chosen as the capital, as Fort Langley was less defensible from an American invasion. When the gold rush ended, Fort Langley's importance began to decline. The Hudson's Bay Company subdivided and sold the farm it was occupying on Langley Prairie. Farming and logging took over as the dominant local industries. In 1870, Paul Murray settled what is known today as
Murrayville. Together with his sons he owned a
quarter section of land on each of the four corners of Yale Road and what now is 216th Street. At that time, this area became known as "Murrays corner" after Alexander Murray, who drowned in the Fraser River in January 1884 while attempting in vain to save a friend. In 1925, the post office named it "Murrayville". The area between 216 street, 216A street, 48th ave and 48A avenue is one of the oldest subdivisions in Langley. Of the eight building lots in this subdivision there are still 6 heritage houses (built before 1930). The Township of Langley was incorporated on April 26, 1873, with James W. Mackie as its first elected warden. Over time, New Westminster and then
Vancouver developed into urban centres, but Langley Township remained predominantly a rural community. The growth of transportation continued to connect Langley Township with its surroundings. The
British Columbia Electric Railway was built through the community in 1910, followed by
Fraser Highway in the 1920s, and the construction of the
Pattullo Bridge in 1937, all adding to Langley's importance. These developments impacted the Langley Prairie area in particular, transforming it into the Township's main urban and commercial core. In turn, this birthed the need for upgraded and new amenities, especially with respect to health, infrastructure, safety and sanitation, in the neighbourhood. The municipal government, however, refused to finance these projects as it bowed, instead, to politically influential farming communities and smaller, mostly rural, business centres, like Fort Langley,
Milner and Murrayville, that viewed such spending as unnecessary. Talk of secession began in Langley Prairie in the 1930s, as a result. Headed by a panel of important residents and businesspersons, including Richard Langdon, president of the Langley Board of Trade, the push for independence came to a head in the 1950s. In 1967, Langley Township became part of
Metro Vancouver. As with many other parts of Canada and cities in the
United States, the Vancouver region expanded with the growth of the
suburb. With the completion of the faster
Trans-Canada Highway route in 1964 in the north of Langley, suburb communities such as
Walnut Grove appeared in Langley which were popular with commuters. Most of this growth happened outside of the original communities of Fort Langley and Murrayville, instead happening adjacent to Langley City and near the Trans-Canada highway, likely due to the influence of private automobiles.
21st century In February 2006, the Township of Langley moved its Municipal Hall from the "core area" of the Township to the growing
Willoughby area. The new facility also includes a new library, fitness room (which incorporates a special type of hardwood floor room) and a new community policing station. Since the 1980s, Langley City and surrounding lands administered by the municipality have been subject to extensive
strip mall development. The old town core remains pleasant to walk through, but many core businesses (including the civil courts and several banks) have moved to the malls, fostering an automobile-dominated community. In addition to this, the community allowed extensive strip development along the Langley
Bypass, which has become the new sprawled business area of the city. In the 1990s, the Village of Fort Langley has undergone a revitalization of its core that enhanced its heritage character. In fact, there are no franchises permitted in the village and this has raised its profile as a tourist and independent retail destination with hundreds of thousands of annual visitors. A rowing facility completed in 2009 brings a whole new segment of visitors to the area. In 2016, the landmark Coulter Berry Building was completed, marking the first LEED certified building in Fort Langley. Construction of the
Golden Ears Bridge has been completed and opened to traffic on June 16, 2009. The bridge spans the Fraser River and connects the Township of Langley with the communities of Maple Ridge and Pitt Meadows. In addition, the plan for the Carvolth neighbourhood in Willoughby is promoting the construction of new office buildings in proximity to Highway 1 and 200th Street. == Climate ==