•
Gothic art in the mid-12th century. •
Ars nova: a musical style which flourished in the
Kingdom of France and its surroundings during the
Late Middle Ages. •
Oboe, or
hautbois, in the mid-17th century France, probably by
Jacques-Martin Hotteterre and his family or by the
Philidor family. Variants of the oboe like the
graïle, the
bombard and the
piston were later created in
Languedoc and
Brittany. • Many
bagpipes were developed in France, including the
Biniou, the
bodega, the
Boha, the
Bousine, the
Cabrette, the
Chabrette, the
Cornemuse du Centre, the
loure, the
Musette bechonnet, the
Musette bressane and the
Musette de cour. • First mechanical
metronome by
Étienne Loulié in 1696 (but the modern form of the metronome was patented only in 1815). •
Rococo in the early 18th century. •
Clavecin électrique, earliest surviving electric-powered musical instrument, in 1759 by
Jean-Baptiste Thillaie Delaborde •
Roulette was developed in 18th century France from a primitive form created by
Blaise Pascal (17th century). In 1843, Louis and
François Blanc introduced the single
0 style roulette wheel. • Many other
gambling games and card games (including the French suits around 1480) were invented in France, some from earlier games : • From earlier Italian games :
Basset,
Biribi and
Tarot (see
Tarot of Marseilles and
French tarot) • From earlier Spanish games :
Quinze and, maybe,
Piquet • Other :
Faro (from the Basset),
Brelan,
Bouillotte,
Commerce,
Trente et Quarante,
Belote and maybe
Blackjack. •
Photography: •
Photolithography and the first photographic image ever produced in 1822 by
Nicéphore Niépce (
Saône-et-Loire) •
Daguerreotype by Nicéphore Niépce and
Louis Daguerre •
Hércules Florence coined the term ''
in 1834, the origin of the English word photography''. '' (1902) by
Georges Méliès •
Fairground organ by Joseph and Antoine Limonaire and Giacomo Gavioli. •
Collotype process by
Alphonse Poitevin in 1856. •
Beaux-Arts architecture: a 19th century architectural style drawing upon principles of
French neoclassicism, and taking inspiration from the
baroque and
rococo styles. •
Impressionism: a 19th-century
art movement originating with Parisian artists. •
Vaudeville: a
theatrical genre of
variety entertainment born in France at the end of the 19th century. • The
praxinoscope of
Charles-Émile Reynaud (1877) is an animation device intermediary between the
zoetrope and
film. •
Bal-musette: a style of French instrumental music and dance that first became popular in
Paris in the 1880s. Although it began with bagpipes as the main instrument, this instrument was replaced with
accordion, on which a variety of waltzes, polkas, and other dance styles were played for dances. •
Cabaret by
Rodolphe Salis in 1881 in Paris. •
Chronophotography by
Étienne-Jules Marey (co-developed with
Eadweard Muybridge,
Albert Londe,
Georges Demeny and
Ottomar Anschutz) in 1882 in Paris. •
Ambient music: as an early 20th-century French composer,
Erik Satie used such
Dadaist-inspired explorations to create an early form of ambient/background music that he labeled "
furniture music" (''Musique d'ameublement''). This he described as being the sort of music that could be played during a dinner to create a background atmosphere for that activity, rather than serving as the focus of attention. •
Cinema, developed from chronophotography: • First
motion picture camera and first projector by
Louis Le Prince, Frenchman who worked in the United Kingdom and the United States. • The
cinematograph by
Léon Bouly (1892). • First commercial, public screening of cinematographic films by
Auguste and Louis Lumière in Paris on 28 December 1895. •
Georges Méliès: first filmmaker to use the
stop trick, or substitution,
multiple exposures,
time-lapse photography,
dissolves, and hand-painted color in his films. His most famous film,
A Trip to the Moon (
Le voyage dans la Lune), in 1902, was the first
science fiction film and the most popular movie of its time (another of his productions,
Le Manoir du diable is also sometimes considered the first horror movie). •
Impressionist music: developed during the late 19th century by French composers, such as
Claude Debussy and
Maurice Ravel. • Developments of the modern
piano (invented by the Italian
Bartolomeo Cristofori) :
Pleyel et Cie (double piano),
Sébastien Érard (double escapement action),
Jean-Louis Boisselot (
sostenuto pedal), Henri Fourneaux (
Player piano). •
Fauvism: a style of art pioneered by early 20th-century French
modern artists whose works emphasized painterly qualities and strong color over the
representational or
realistic values retained by Impressionism. •
Ondes Martenot in 1928 by
Maurice Martenot (early electronic musical instrument ). •
Gemmail in the 1930s by painter
Jean Crotti. •
Musique concrète: a type of
music composition that utilizes
recorded sounds as raw material developed by French composer
Pierre Schaeffer beginning in the early 1940s. •
Sampling (music): sampling originated in the 1940s with
musique concrète. •
Clavioline, an electronic keyboard instrument, by
Constant Martin in 1947. •
Etch A Sketch by
André Cassagnes in the late 1950s. •
Yé-yé: a style of pop music that emerged in France. •
Cold wave: a music genre that emerged with French, as well as Belgian and Polish musicians in the late 1970s. •
DivX around 1998 by
Jérôme Rota at Montpellier. •
Synthwave: originated in France by producers such as
David Grellier,
Justice, and
Kavinsky. •
Blackgaze: a fusion of
black metal and
shoegaze that traces its origins to the work of French musician
Neige. •
Clair Obscur: Expedition 33: a 2025 role-playing video game developed by French studio
Sandfall Interactive and published by
Kepler Interactive, representing a notable French creation in modern RPG design. ==Chemistry==