'' of
Sa‘di (1257). Copy from
Mandu, Malwa Sultanate, India, c. 1500
Dilawar Khan Ghuri was an
Afghan or
Turco-Afghan governor of the
Delhi Sultanate. Dilawar Khan had ceased to pay tribute to Delhi after 1392. In 1437, the Ghurid dynasty of Dilawar Khan was overthrown by
Mahmud Khan, a
Khalji Turko-Afghan descendant of the
Khalji dynasty of the
Delhi Sultanate. After the Khiljis were deposed, it was ruled by Shujaat Khan, an Afghan governor of Malwa under
Sher Shah Suri. Shujaat Khan's son,
Baz Bahadur declared independence in 1555, and ruled until the end of the Malwa Sultanate.
Khalji dynasty The Ghurid dynasty, founded by Dilawar Khan Ghuri, was replaced by
Mahmud Shah I, who proclaimed himself king on 16 May 1436. The Khalji dynasty, founded by him, ruled over Malwa till 1531. Mahmud Shah I was related to the Khalji dynasty of Delhi, as his great-great-great-great grandfather, Malik Nasiruddin, was a cousin of sultan
Jalaluddin Khalji, and was given the iqta of Amroha as his jagir. Mahmud was also a grandnephew of
Dilawar Khan, the first sultan, through his sister. His father, Malik Mughlith, himself a nephew of Dilawar, played a key role in restoring his maternal cousin Hushang Shah to the throne after it had been seized by
Ahmad Shah I. Mahmud had distinguished himself as a capable military commander, earning the title Khan from Hushang Shah in 1419 at the age of sixteen, who also gave him his daughter in marriage. Following Hushang’s death, Mahmud supported the accession of his oldest surviving son,Ghazni Khan, who took the regnal name Muhammad Shah. However, relations between the two deteriorated, as Muhammad Shah grew increasingly suspicious and repeatedly demanded assurances of Mahmud’s loyalty. When Muhammad Shah allegedly began plotting his assassination, Mahmud preempted him by having him poisoned. Muhammad’s thirteen-year-old son, Masud, was briefly placed on the throne, but Mahmud soon attacked the palace, deposed the young ruler, and seized power for himself, ascending the throne on 14 May 1436. for
Ghiyath al-Din (r.1469-1500), Sultan of Malwa, at Mandu The sultanate saw heavy decline in 1519 after the continues invasions of Rajput chief
Rana Sanga of
Mewar.
Mahmud Khalji I was succeeded by his eldest son
Ghiyas-ud-Din. The last days of Ghiyas-ud-Din were embittered by a struggle for throne between his two sons, with Nasir-ud-Din emerging victorious over Ala-ud-Din and ascending the throne on 22 October 1510, The last ruler Mahmud Shah II surrendered to
Bahadur Shah, the
sultan of Gujarat after the fort of Mandu fell to Bahadur on 25 May 1531.
Muzaffarid Conquest Since 1518,
Mahmud Shah II was a vassal of the Gujarat Sultan. The last ruler
Mahmud Shah II surrendered to
Bahadur Shah, the
sultan of Gujarat after the fort of Mandu fell to Bahadur on 25 May 1531. But in 1542,
Sher Shah Suri conquered the kingdom, defeating him and appointed Shuja'at Khan as the governor. His son,
Baz Bahadur, declared himself independent in 1555. Darya Khan Gujarati, the ex-Wazir of Mahmud Khan of Gujarat ruled Ujjain. It became the
Malwa Subah (top-level province) of the Mughal empire, with seat at
Ujjain and Abdullah Khan became its first governor. ==Art==