2020 • 20 April – UNSW Sydney develops a way of producing 'hot qubits' – quantum devices that operate at 1.5 kelvin. • 11 March – UNSW perform electric nuclear resonance to control single atoms in electronic devices. • 23 April – University of Tokyo and Australian scientists create and successfully test a solution to the quantum wiring problem, creating a 2D structure for qubits. Such structure can be built using existing integrated circuit technology and has considerably lower cross-talk. • 16 January – Quantum physicists report the first direct splitting of one photon into three using
spontaneous parametric down-conversion which may have applications in
quantum technology. • 11 February – Quantum engineers report that they created
artificial atoms in
silicon quantum dots for
quantum computing and that artificial atoms with a higher number of electrons can be more stable qubits than previously thought possible. Enabling
silicon-based quantum computers may make it possible to reuse the manufacturing technology of "classical" modern-day computer chips among other advantages. • 14 February – Quantum physicists develop a novel
single-photon source which may allow bridging of semiconductor-based quantum-computers that use photons by converting the state of an electron
spin to the
polarisation of a photon. They showed that they can generate a single photon in a controlled way without the need for
randomly formed
quantum dots or structural defects in diamonds. • 25 February – Scientists visualize a
quantum measurement: by taking snapshots of ion states at different times of measurement via coupling of a trapped ion
qutrit to the photon environment, they showed that the changes of the degrees of
superpositions, and therefore of
probabilities of states after measurement, happens gradually under the measurement influence. • 2 March – Scientists report achieving repeated
quantum nondemolition measurements of an electron's spin in a silicon quantum dot: measurements that do not change the electron's spin in the process. • 11 March – Quantum engineers report to have controlled the nucleus of a single atom using only electric fields. This was first suggested to be possible in 1961 and may be used for silicon
quantum computers that use single-atom spins without needing oscillating magnetic fields. This may be especially useful for
nanodevices, for precise sensors of electric and magnetic fields, as well as for fundamental inquiries into
quantum nature. • 19 March – A US Army laboratory announces that its scientists analysed a
Rydberg sensor's sensitivity to oscillating electric fields over an enormous range of frequencies—from (the spectrum to 0.3 mm wavelength). The Rydberg sensor may potentially be used to detect communications signals as it could reliably detect signals over the entire spectrum and compare favourably with other established electric field sensor technologies, such as electro-optic crystals and dipole antenna-coupled passive electronics. • 23 March – Researchers report that they corrected for
signal loss in a prototype quantum
node that can catch, store and entangle bits of quantum information. Their concepts could be used for key components of
quantum repeaters in quantum networks and extend their longest possible range. • 15 April – Researchers demonstrate a proof-of-concept silicon quantum processor unit cell which works at 1.5 kelvin – many times warmer than common quantum processors that are being developed. The finding may enable the integration of classical control electronics with a qubit array and substantially reduce costs. The cooling requirements necessary for quantum computing have been called one of the toughest roadblocks in the field. • 16 April – Scientists prove the existence of the
Rashba effect in bulk
perovskites. Previously researchers have hypothesized that the materials' extraordinary electronic, magnetic and optical properties – which make it a commonly used material
for solar cells and
quantum electronics – are related to this effect which to date had not been proven to be present in the material. • 8 May – Researchers report to have developed a proof-of-concept of a
quantum radar using quantum entanglement and
microwaves which may potentially be useful for the development of improved radar systems, security scanners and medical imaging systems. • 12 May – Researchers report to have developed a method to selectively manipulate a layered
manganite's
correlated electrons' spin state while leaving its
orbital state intact using
femtosecond X-ray laser pulses. This may indicate that
orbitronics – using variations in the orientations of orbitals – may be used as the
basic unit of information in novel information technology devices. • 19 May – Researchers report to have developed the first integrated silicon on-chip low-noise
single-photon source compatible with large-scale
quantum photonics. • 11 June – Scientists report the generation of
rubidium Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) in the
Cold Atom Laboratory aboard the
International Space Station under
microgravity which could enable improved research of BECs and
quantum mechanics, whose physics are scaled to macroscopic scales in BECs, support long-term investigations of
few-body physics, support the development of techniques for
atom–wave interferometry and
atom lasers and verified the successful operation of the laboratory. • 15 June – Scientists report the development of the smallest
synthetic molecular motor, consisting of 12 atoms and a rotor of 4 atoms, shown to be capable of being powered by an electric current using an electron scanning microscope and moving with very low amounts of energy due to
quantum tunneling. • 17 June – Quantum scientists report the development of a system that entangled two photon
quantum communication nodes through a microwave cable that can send information in between without the photons being sent through, or occupying, the cable. On 12 June it was reported that they also, for the first time, entangled two
phonons as well as erase information from their measurement after the measurement had been completed using
delayed-choice quantum erasure. • 18 June – Honeywell announces a quantum computer with a quantum volume of 64, the highest at the time. • 13 August – Universal coherence protection is reported to have been achieved in a solid-state spin qubit, a modification that allows quantum systems to stay operational (or "
coherent") for 10,000 times longer than before. • 26 August – Scientists report that ionizing radiation from environmental radioactive materials and
cosmic rays may substantially limit the
coherence times of qubits if they are not adequately
shielded. • 28 August – Quantum engineers working for Google report the largest chemical simulation on a
quantum computer – a
Hartree–Fock approximation with a
Sycamore computer paired with a classical computer that analyzed results to provide new parameters for a 12-qubit system. • 2 September – Researchers present an eight-user city-scale
quantum communication network, located in
Bristol, England, using already deployed fibres without active switching or trusted nodes. • 9 September –
Xanadu offers a cloud quantum computing service, using a photonic quantum computer. • 21 September – Researchers report the achievement of quantum entanglement between the
motion of a millimetre-sized mechanical oscillator and a disparate distant spin system of a cloud of atoms. • 3 December – Chinese researchers claim to have achieved
quantum supremacy, using a
photonic peak 76-qubit system (43 average) known as
Jiuzhang, which performed calculations at 100 trillion times the speed of classical supercomputers. • 29 October – Honeywell introduces a subscription for a quantum computing service, known as quantum computing as a service, with an ion trap quantum computer. • 12 December – At the IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM), IMEC shows an RF multiplexer chip that operates at temperatures as low as a few millikelvins, designed for quantum computers. Researchers from the Chalmers University of Technology report the development of a cryogenic low-noise amplifier (LNA) for amplifying signals from qubits, made of indium phosphide (InP) high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs). • 21 December – Publication of research of "
counterfactual quantum communication" – whose first achievement was reported in 2017 – by which information can be exchanged without any physical particle traveling between observers and without quantum teleportation. The research suggests that this is based on some form of relation between the properties of modular angular momentum.
2021 • 6 January – Chinese researchers report that they have built the world's largest integrated quantum communication network, combining over 700 optical fibers with two
QKD-ground-to-satellite links for a total distance between nodes of the network of up to ~4,600 km. • 13 January – Austrian researchers report the first realization of an
entangling gate between two
logical qubits encoded in
topological quantum error-correction codes using a
trapped-ion quantum computer with 10 ions. • 15 January – Researchers in China report the successful transmission of entangled photons between
drones, used as nodes for the development of mobile quantum networks or flexible network extensions, marking the first work in which entangled particles were sent between two moving devices. • 27 January –
BMW announces the use of a quantum computer for the optimization of supply chains. • 28 January – Swiss and German researchers report the development of a highly efficient single-photon source for quantum information technology with a system of gated quantum dots in a tunable microcavity which captures photons released from excited "artificial atoms". • 3 February – Microsoft starts offering a cloud quantum computing service, called
Azure Quantum. • 5 February – Researchers demonstrate a first prototype of quantum-logic gates for
distributed quantum computers. • 11 March – Honeywell announces a quantum computer with a quantum volume of 512. • 13 April – In a
preprint, an astronomer describes for the first time how one could search for quantum communication
transmissions sent by
extraterrestrial intelligence using existing telescope and receiver technology. He also provides arguments for why future searches of
SETI should also target interstellar quantum communications. • 7 May – Two studies complement research published September 2020 by
quantum-entangling two mechanical oscillators. • 8 June – Researchers from
Toshiba achieve
quantum communications over optical fibres exceeding 600 km in length, a world-record distance. • 17 June – Austrian, German and Swiss researchers present a quantum computing demonstrator fitting into two standard 19-inch
racks, the world's first quality standards-meeting compact quantum computer. • 29 June – IBM demonstrates
quantum advantage. • 1 July –
Rigetti develops a method to join several quantum processor chips together. • 7 July – American researchers present a programmable
quantum simulator that can operate with 256 qubits, and on the same date and journal another team presents a quantum simulator of 196
Rydeberg atoms trapped in
optical tweezers. • 25 October – Chinese researchers report that they have developed the world's fastest programmable quantum computers. The photon-based
Jiuzhang 2 is claimed to calculate a task in one millisecond, that otherwise would have taken a conventional computer 30 trillion years to complete. Additionally,
Zuchongzhi 2 is a 66-qubit programmable superconducting quantum computer that was claimed to be the world's fastest quantum computer that can run a calculation task one million times more complex than Google's
Sycamore, as well as being 10 million times faster. • 11 November – The first simulation of
baryons on a quantum computer is reported by
University of Waterloo, Canada. • 16 November – IBM claims that it has created a 127-quantum bit processor, '
IBM Eagle', which according to a report is the most powerful quantum processor known. According to the report, the company had not yet published an academic paper describing its metrics, performance or abilities.
2022 • 18 January – Europe's first quantum annealer with more than 5,000 qubits is presented in Jülich, Germany. • 24 March – The first prototype, photonic, quantum
memristive device, for
neuromorphic (quantum-) computers and
artificial neural networks, that is "able to produce memristive dynamics on single-photon states through a scheme of measurement and classical feedback" is invented. • 29 March – Researchers at Intel and
Delft University of Technology publish data on the first qubits fabricated on 300 mm wafers in a semiconductor manufacturing facility using all-optical lithography and fully industrial processing. • 14 April – The
Quantinuum System Model H1-2 doubles its performance claiming to be the first commercial quantum computer to pass
quantum volume 4096. • 26 May – A universal set of computational operations on fault-tolerant quantum bits is demonstrated by a team of experimental physicists in Innsbruck, Austria. • 22 June – The world's first quantum computer
integrated circuit is demonstrated. • 28 June – Physicists report that
interstellar quantum communication by other civilizations could be possible and may be advantageous, identifying some potential challenges and factors for detecting such. They may use, for example, X-ray photons for remotely established
quantum communications and quantum teleportation as the communication mode. • 21 July – A universal
qudit quantum processor is demonstrated with trapped ions. • 15 August –
Nature Materials publishes the first work showing optical initialization and coherent control of nuclear spin qubits in 2D materials (an ultrathin hexagonal
boron nitride). • 24 August –
Nature publishes the first research related to a set of 14 photons entangled with high efficiency and in a defined way. • 26 August – Created photon pairs at several different frequencies using optical ultra-thin resonant
metasurfaces made up of arrays of
nanoresonators is reported. • 29 August – Physicists at the
Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics deterministically generate entangled
graph states of up to 14 photons using a trapped rubidium atom in an optical cavity. • 2 September – Researchers from The University of Tokyo and other Japanese institutions develop a systematic method that applies optimal control theory (GRAPE algorithm) to identify the theoretically optimal sequence from among all conceivable quantum operation sequences. It is necessary to complete the operations within the time that the coherent quantum state is maintained. • 30 September – Researchers at University of New South Wales, Australia, achieve a coherence time of two milliseconds, 100 times higher than the previous benchmark in the same quantum processor. • 9 November – IBM presents its 433-qubit 'Osprey' quantum processor, the successor to its Eagle system. • 1 December – The world's first portable quantum computer enters into commerce in
Japan. With three variants, topping out at 3 qubits, they are meant for education. They are based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), "NMR has extremely limited scaling capabilities" and
dimethylphosphite.
2023 • 3 February – At the University of Innsbruck, researchers entangle two ions over a distance of 230 meters. • 8 February –
Alpine Quantum Technologies (AQT) demonstrates a
quantum volume of 128 on its 19-inch rack-compatible quantum computer system PINE – a new record in Europe. • 17 February – Fusion-based quantum computation is proposed. • 27 March – India's first quantum computing-based telecom network link is inaugurated. • 14 June – IBM computer scientists report that a quantum computer produced better results for a
physics problem than a conventional
supercomputer. • 21 June –
Microsoft declares that it is working on a
topological quantum computer based on
Majorana fermions, with the aim of arriving within 10 years at a computer capable of carrying out at least one million operations per second with an error rate of one operation every 1,000 billion (corresponding to 11 uninterrupted days of calculation). • 13 October – Researchers at
TU Darmstadt publish the first experimental demonstration of a qubit array with more than 1,000 qubits: A 3,000-site atomic array based on a 2D configuration of optical tweezers based on
Rydberg atoms. • 4 December – IBM presents its 1121-qubit '
Condor' quantum processor, the successor to its
Osprey and
Eagle systems. The Condor system was the culmination of IBM's multi-year 'Roadmap to Quantum Advantage' seeking to break the 1,000 qubit threshold. • 6 December – A group led by Misha Lukin at Harvard University realises a programmable quantum processor based on logical qubits using reconfigurable neutral atom arrays.
2024 • 14 February – Researchers at
UNSW Sydney demonstrated control of
antimony-based materials, including
antimonides, in quantum computing. These materials enable high-dimensional
Schrödinger-cat quantum states (
qudits), with enhanced scalability and error resilience, using the nucleus
spin of
123Sb antimony embedded in
silicon nanoelectronics. • 21 February –
UCL researchers achieved 97% precision in placing single
arsenic atoms in silicon lattices using
scanning tunneling microscopy, enabling scalable, low-error qubit arrays for quantum computing. • 25 February – Researchers at the
California Institute of Technology demonstrated multiplexed entanglement generation in quantum network nodes, entangling remote quantum memories using multiple distinct emitters. By embedding
ytterbium atoms in
yttrium orthovanadate (YVO4) crystals and coupling them to optical cavities, they enabled parallel transmission of entangled photons, scaling the entanglement rate with the number of qubits. • 12 March – Physicists at
EPFL directly observed dissipative phase transitions (DPTs) in a superconducting
Kerr resonator. Their experiment confirmed both first- and second-order DPTs, revealing critical slowing down and metastability effects, which could lead to more stable quantum computing and ultra-sensitive quantum sensors. • 1 May – Researchers at Intel show data using a cryogenic 300-mm wafer prober to collect high-volume data on hundreds of industry-manufactured spin qubit devices at 1.6 K. Devices were characterized in the single electrons across full wafers with high yield. • 6 May –
Alice & Bob's Boson 4 chip demonstrated a bit-flip time of 120 seconds and the world's longest bit-flip lifetime of more than 7 minutes. • 8 May – Researchers deterministically fuse small quantum states into states with up to eight qubits. • 10 May – Researchers from Google and the
Paul Scherrer Institute developed a new hybrid digital-analog quantum simulator, combining the strengths of both techniques. This innovation enhanced the precision and flexibility of quantum computing while enabling more accurate modeling of complex quantum processes. • 30 May – Researchers at Photonic and Microsoft perform a teleported CNOT gate between qubits physically separated by 40 meters, confirming remote quantum entanglement between T-centers. • 30 June – Researchers from
Oxford University successfully linked two quantum processors via an optical fiber network, enabling distributed quantum computing by demonstrating quantum entanglement between distant qubits, paving the way for scalable modular quantum computers and the development of a quantum internet. • 5 August – Research from
Brown University discovered fractional
excitons in bilayer
graphene under the fractional quantum
Hall effect, expanding excitonic understanding and quantum computing potential. • 26 August – Researchers at
Northwestern University successfully teleported a quantum state of light over of fiber optic cable carrying conventional internet traffic, demonstrating the feasibility of integrating quantum communication into existing networks. • 29 August – Researchers at
Empa successfully constructed a one-dimensional alternating
Heisenberg model using synthetic nanographenes, confirming century-old quantum physics predictions. Their work marked a significant step toward real-world quantum technologies such as ultra-fast computing and unbreakable encryption. • 2 December – Physicists observed quantum entanglement within individual
protons, demonstrating that entanglement, a key concept in quantum computing, extended to the subatomic level, revealing the complex interdependence of
quarks and
gluons within protons. • 9 December – Google Quantum AI announced
Willow, the first quantum processor where error-corrected qubits get exponentially better as they get bigger. Willow performed a standard benchmark computation in under five minutes that would take today's fastest supercomputers 10 septillion years. • 15 December – Researchers at
Oak Ridge National Laboratory in collaboration with
EPB and the
University of Tennessee achieved transmission of entangled quantum signals with 100% uptime through a commercial fiber-optic network for over 30 hours using automatic polarization compensation to prevent disruptions from environmental factors. • 25 December – Researchers at Intel demonstrate a test chip with 12 spin-qubits fabricated using immersion and extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUV), along with other standard high-volume manufacturing (HVM) processes. This doubles the number of spin qubits published in September 2022.
2025 • 7 January – Researchers at
Osaka Metropolitan University derived a simplified formula for quantum entanglement entropy, allowing for easier analysis of entanglement in strongly correlated electron systems. Their study identified unexpected quantum behaviors in nanoscale artificial magnetic materials and highlighted the role of quantum relative entropy in the
Kondo effect. • 14 February – Researchers (Björkman
et al.) used
transmon qubits to demonstrate a
virtual-state process of the
Landau-Zener-Stückelberg-Majorana (LZSM) transition. Their experiment significantly suppressed the AC
Stark shift, improving control over quantum state transitions. • 19 February – Microsoft announced
Majorana 1, claiming to be the first qubit architecture based on a
topological superconductor. • 27 February –
Amazon announced a quantum computing processor prototype, nicknamed "Ocelot", that uses concatenation of encoded bosonic
cat qubits for bosonic quantum error correction. • 26 March – Researchers at
JPMorganChase and
Quantinuum announced the realization of
certified randomness, generating publicly certifiable bits using a trapped-ion quantum processor. • 26 May – Researchers across several institutions, especially
Google Research, present an experimental demonstration of a
color code for both distances 3 and 5. • 5 August – Researchers at the
University of Southern California discover that combining two kinds of
anyons from
topological quantum field theory, namely
Ising anyons and
neglectons, results in universal quantum computation. • 30 September – Researchers at the
Institute of Science Tokyo discover quantum
low-density parity-check codes that asymptotically approach the
hashing bound and that can also be decoded in linear time.
2026 • 4 February – Researchers at the
University of California, Los Angeles invent a way to scale
quantum error correction automated testing for distances up to 17. • 21 February – Researchers at the
Norwegian University of Science and Technology discover that an alloy of
niobium and
rhenium could potentially function as a
triplet superconductor for temperatures up to . • 25 February –
Origin Pilot, a quantum operating system developed by
Origin Quantum Computing Technology Co (based in
Hefei, China), is open-sourced. • 26 February –
IonQ, in coordination with the
National University of Science and Technology and
RoEduNet, deploy a nationwide
quantum key distribution network across Romania, spanning 36 quantum links. ==See also==