MarketPierre, South Dakota
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Pierre, South Dakota

Pierre is the capital city of the U.S. state of South Dakota and the county seat of Hughes County. As of the 2020 census, its population was 14,091. Pierre is the eleventh-most populous city of South Dakota, and the second-least populous U.S. state capital.

History
Pierre was founded in 1880 on the east bank of the Missouri River opposite Fort Pierre, a former trading post that developed as a community. It was designated as the state capital when South Dakota gained statehood on November 2, 1889. Huron challenged the city to be selected as the capital, but Pierre was selected for its geographic centrality in the state. Fort Pierre had developed earlier, with a permanent settlement since around a fur trading post. Fort Pierre Chouteau, preceding the city, was named after Pierre Chouteau, Jr., an American fur trader from St. Louis, Missouri, who was of colonial French origin. Pierre's development was also influenced by construction of the Rapid City, Pierre and Eastern Railroad, which runs east–west through the city. It increased access to markets for regional products and improved transportation for passengers. The railroad crosses the Missouri River on the Chicago and North Western Railroad Bridge. The capital city became relatively isolated in the post-World War II era of federally subsidized highway construction, as travelers and freight companies began to use automobiles and trucking. It is one of four state capitals not served by the Interstate Highway System. ==Geography==
Geography
, several miles north of Pierre, taken from the International Space Station (ISS) According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of , of which is land and is water. Pierre is sited on rough river bluffs above the east bank of the Missouri River, overlooking its expanse. It is a few miles away from Lake Oahe, one of the world's largest man-made lakes. Developed for flood control and irrigation, the lake has become a popular fishing destination. Climate Pierre has a relatively dry, four-season, humid continental climate (Köppen: Dfa, Trewartha: Dcao), with long, dry, cold winters, hot summers, and brief spring and autumnal transitions; like much of the southern half of the state, it lies in USDA Plant Hardiness zone 5. According to weather maps and their data, Pierre can be considered a cool semi-arid climate (Köppen: BSk) aided by its precipitation near the threshold that reaches even northeast of the city in South Dakota. As such, it is the only capital of the Midwest states with a non-humid climate. The monthly daily average temperature ranges from in January to , though the diurnal temperature variation is significantly greater during summer than in winter. It was the strongest tornado ever recorded in Hughes County. The beginnings of May and October see the last and first freezing nights, respectively, of the cooler season. Precipitation is much lighter in the winter than in late spring and summer, and totals about annually. Extremes have ranged from on February 9, 1994, to on July 15, 2006. {{Weather box ==Demographics==
Demographics
Pierre is the principal city of the Pierre micropolitan area, which includes all of Hughes and Stanley counties. 2020 census As of the 2020 census, Pierre had a population of 14,091. The median age was 38.5 years, 23.4% of residents were under the age of 18, and 17.7% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 89.9 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 86.2 males age 18 and over. 88.7% of residents lived in urban areas, while 11.3% lived in rural areas. There were 5,852 households in Pierre, of which 27.4% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 43.9% were married-couple households, 20.2% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 27.9% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 35.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. of 2010, there were 13,646 people, 5,778 households, and 3,463 families living in the city. The population density was . There were 6,159 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 85.1% White, 0.5% African American, 10.9% Native American, 0.6% Asian, 0.5% from other races, and 2.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 1.9% of the population. There were 5,778 households, of which 29.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.7% were married couples living together, 10.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 40.1% were non-families. 35.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.87. The median age in the city was 39.3 years. 22.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.7% were from 25 to 44; 28.9% were from 45 to 64; and 13.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.8% male and 52.2% female. 2000 census As of the census of 2000, there were 13,876 people, 5,567 households, and 3,574 families living in the city. The population density was . There were 5,949 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 88.91% White, 0.20% African American, 8.56% Native American, 0.46% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.29% from other races, and 1.56% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 1.25% of the population. There were 5,567 households, out of which 32.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.6% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.8% were non-families. 31.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35, and the average family size was 2.96. In the city, the population was spread out, with 27.2% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 28.6% from 25 to 44, 23.6% from 45 to 64, and 14.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.4 males. As of 2000 the median income for a household in the city was $42,962, and the median income for a family was $52,144. Males had a median income of $32,969 versus $22,865 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,462. About 5.5% of families and 7.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.9% of those under age 18 and 9.2% of those age 65 or over. ==Education==
Education
The Pierre School District, the school district covering the city, oversees three elementary schools, a middle school and a high school, T. F. Riggs High School. St. Joseph is a private Catholic elementary school. It is administered by the local parish and the Diocese of Sioux Falls. Other schools include For His Glory and the Pierre Indian Learning Center (a tribal school affiliated with the Bureau of Indian Education). ==Media==
Media
Television AM radio FM radio Newspaper The Capital Journal is the local newspaper and has been in circulation since 1881. OaheTV is the local public/education/government cable channel serving Pierre, Fort Pierre on Midcontinent Communications Cable. ==Infrastructure==
Infrastructure
Transportation Public transit is provided by River Cities Public Transit. Pierre Regional Airport is served by one commercial airline. Although in the center of the state, Pierre is one of only four state capitals not served by an Interstate highway (along with Dover, Delaware, Jefferson City, Missouri, and Juneau, Alaska). It is the only one that is not served by any expressways. The nearest Interstate highway is Interstate 90, about south of Pierre via the four-lane U.S. Highway 83. The Rapid City, Pierre and Eastern Railroad runs east–west through the city. The railroad crosses the Missouri River on the Chicago and North Western Railroad Bridge. ==Notable people==
Notable people
Angela Aames, actress • Grey Zabel, National Football League 18th overall draft pick 2025 • Floyd Bannister, Major League Baseball player • Joseph Bottum, writer • Dan Davis, writer and former fugitiveRobert Gleckler, actor • Dusty Johnson, U.S. representative from South Dakota • Byron S. Payne, Attorney General of South DakotaRex Robbins, actor • Mike Rounds, U.S. senator from South Dakota and former governor of South Dakota (resident of Fort Pierre). • John Thune, U.S. senator from South Dakota ==In popular culture==
In popular culture
In 2015, in honor of the 80th anniversary of the Monopoly board game, Hasbro held an online vote to determine which cities should be included in an updated version of the "Here and Now: The US Edition" of the game. The top "Boardwalk" spot went to an unexpected contender: Pierre. It received the most votes, beating New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, and Boston. The outcome may have been influenced by the image that accompanied the name of the city in the balloting: the well-known Mount Rushmore, which is 150 miles west of Pierre, in Keystone and the Black Hills section of the state. ==References==
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