MK908, a Rockchip-based quad-core Android "mini PC", with a microSD card next to it for a size comparison.
Featured Products The RK3588 is Rockchip's current flagship SoC. It has feature-reduced versions, including
RK3582 and
RK3588S and
RK3588S2.
The RK3399 is Rockchip's previous flagship SoC, and predecessor of the RK3588. Dual
Cortex-A72 and Quad
Cortex-A53 and
Mali-T860MP4 GPU, provide computing and multi-media performance, interfaces and peripherals. And software supports multiple APIs: OpenGL ES 3.2,
Vulkan 1.0, OpenCL 1.1/1.2,
OpenVX 1.0, AI interfaces support TensorFlow Lite/AndroidNN API. RK3399 Linux source code and hardware documents are on GitHub and Wiki opensource website.
RK3566 is a successor to the RK3288 and outperforms it significantly, with quad core Arm A55 CPUs and an Arm Mali G52 GPU. Boards based on it are expected to be on sale in early 2021 from manufacturers like Pine64, Boardcon.
RK3288 is a high-performance IoT platform, Quad-core Cortex-A17 CPU and Mali-T760MP4 GPU, 4K video decoding and 4K display out. It is applied to products of various industries including Vending Machine, Commercial Display, Medical Equipment, Gaming, Intelligent POS, Interactive Printer, Robot and Industrial Computer. RK3288 Linux source code and hardware documents are on GitHub PX30 is a variant of RK3326 targeting IoT market, supporting dual VOP. They use Arm's CPU Cortex-A35 and GPU G31.
RK3308 is an entry-level product line for mainstream devices. The chip has multiple audio input interfaces, and greater energy efficiency, featuring embedded voice activation detection). The announcement of
RV1108 indicated Rockchip's move to AI/computer vision territory. With CEVA DSP embedded, RV1108 powers smart cameras including 360° Video Camera, IPC, Drone, Car Camcoder, Sport DV, VR, etc. It also has been deployed for new retail and intelligent marketing applications with integrated algorithms.
Early Products RK26xx series - Released 2006.
RK27xx series - Rockchip was first known for their RK27xx series that was very efficient at
MP3/MP4 decoding and was integrated in many low-cost
personal media player (PMP) products.
RK28xx series The
RK2806 was targeted at
PMPs. The
RK2808A is an ARM926EJ-S derivative. Along with the
ARM core a
DSP coprocessor is included. The native clock speed is 560 MHz. ARM rates the performance of the ARM926EJ-S at 1.1
DMIPS/MHz the performance of the Rockchip 2808 when executing ARM instructions is therefore 660 DMIPS roughly 26% the speed of Apple's
A4 processor. The DSP coprocessor can support the real-time decoding of 720p video files at
bitrates of up to 2.5 Mbit/s. This chip was the core of many
Android and
Windows Mobile-based
mobile internet devices. The
RK2816 was targeted at
PMP devices, and
MIDs. It has the same specifications as the RK2806 but also includes HDMI output,
Android support, and up to 720p hardware video acceleration.
RK29xx series The Rockchip RK291x is a family of
SoCs based on the
ARM Cortex-A8 CPU core. They were presented for the first time at
CES 2011. The RK292x are single core SoCs based on
ARM Cortex-A9 and were first introduced in 2012. The
RK2918 was the first chip to decode Google
WebM VP8 in hardware. It uses a dynamically configurable companion core to process various codecs. It encodes and decodes
H.264 at 1080p, and can decode many standard video formats including Xvid, H.263, AVS, MPEG4, RV, and WMV. It includes a
Vivante GC800
GPU that is compatible with
OpenGL ES 2.0 and
OpenVG. The RK2918 is compatible with
Android Froyo (2.2), Gingerbread (2.3), HoneyComb (3.x) and Ice Cream Sandwich (4.0). Unofficial support for Ubuntu and other Linux flavours exists. As of 2013, it was targeted at
E-readers. The
RK2906 is basically a cost-reduced version of the RK2918, also targeted at
E-readers as of 2013. feature a single core
ARM Cortex A9 running at a speed up to 1.0 GHz. It replaces the Vivante GC800 GPU of the older RK291x series with an
ARM Mali-400 GPU. As of 2013, the RK2926 was targeted at tablets, while the RK2928 was targeted at tablets and
Android TV dongles and boxes. As of 2013, it was targeted at tablets and Android TV dongles and boxes. The
RK3026 is an updated ultra-low-end dual-core
ARM Cortex-A9-based tablet processor clocked at 1.0 GHz with
ARM Mali-400 MP2 GPU. Manufactured at 40 nm, it is pin-compatible with the RK2926. It features 1080p H.264 video encoding and 1080p decoding in multiple formats. Supporting Android 4.4, it has been adopted for low-end tablets in 2014. The
RK3036 is a low-cost dual-core
ARM Cortex-A7-based processor released in Q4 2014 for smart set-top boxes with support for H.265 video decoding.
RK31xx series The
RK3188 was the first product in the RK31xx series, announced for production in the 2nd quarter of 2013. The RK3188 features a quad-core
ARM Cortex-A9 clocked up to 1.6 GHz frequency. It is targeted at tablets and Android TV dongles and boxes, • Quad-core
ARM Cortex-A9, up to 1.6 GHz • 512 KB L2 cache It is targeted at low-end tablets. • 40 nm process • Quad-core
ARM Cortex-A7, up to 1.3 GHz •
Mali-400 MP2 GPU • High-performance dedicated 2D processor • DDR3, DDR3L memory interface • 1080p multi-format video decoding and 1080p video encoding for H.264 The
RK3128 is a higher-end variant of RK3126, also to be introduced in Q4 2014, that features more integrated external interfaces, including CVBS, HDMI, Ethernet MAC, S/PDIF, Audio DAC, and USB. It targets more fully featured tablets and set-top boxes.
RK32xx series Rockchip has announced the
RK3288 for production in the second quarter of 2014. Recent information suggests that the chip uses a quad-core
ARM Cortex-A17 CPU, although technically ARM Cortex-A12, which as of October 1, 2014, ARM has decided to also refer to as Cortex-A17 because the latest production version of Cortex-A12 performs at a similar performance level as Cortex-A17. • 28 nm HKMG process. • Quad-core
ARM Cortex-A17, up to 1.8 GHz • Quad-core ARM Mali-T760 MP4 (also incorrectly called Mali-T764) GPU clocked at 600 MHz • High-performance dedicated 2D processor • 1080P video encoding for H.264 and VP8,
MVC • 4K H.264 and 10 bits
H.265 video decode, 1080p multi-video decode • Supports 4Kx2K H.265 resolution • Dual-channel DDR3, DDR3L, LPDDR2, LPDDR3 • Up to 3840×2160 display output,
HDMI 2.0
RK3288 controversy Early reports including Rockchip first suggested in summer 2013 that the RK3288 was originally designed using a quad-core
ARM Cortex-A12 configuration. Rockchip's primary foundry partner
GlobalFoundries announced a partnership with ARM to optimize the ARM Cortex-A12 for their 28 nm-SLP process. This is the same process used for earlier Rockchip chips such as the RK3188, and matches the choice of Cortex-A12 cores in the design of the RK3288. In January 2014, official marketing materials listed the CPU cores as
ARM Cortex-A17. At the CES electronics show in January 2014, someone apparently corrected the CPU specification as being
ARM Cortex-A12 instead of Cortex-A17 on one of the panels of their show booth. However, since then, official specifications from Rockchip's website and marketing materials as well specifications used by device manufacturers have continued to describe the CPU as a quad-core
ARM Cortex-A17. Recent testing of early RK3288-based TV boxes (August/September 2014) provided evidence that the RK3288 technically contains Cortex-A12 cores, since the "
ARM 0xc0d" CPU architecture reported by CPU-Z for Android is the reference for Cortex-A12, while the original Cortex-A17 is referred to as "
ARM 0xc0e". • 64bits Octa-Core Cortex-A53, up to 1.5 GHz • High-performance
PowerVR SGX6110 GPU with support for OpenGL 3.1 and OpenGL ES 3.0 • 4Kx2K H.264/H.265 real-time video playback • HDMI 2.0 with 4Kx2K @ 60 fps display output The
RK3399, also available as the
higher-binned OP1 variant, announced by ARM at Mobile World Congress in February 2016, features six 64 bit CPUs, including 2
Cortex-A72 and 4 Cortex-A53. The RK3399 is used for the development of the open source Panfrost driver for ARM Mali GPU Midgard series. Consumer devices include Asus Chromebook Flip C101PA-DB02, Asus Chromebook Tablet CT100, Samsung Chromebook Plus, and Pine64 Pinebook Pro. SBCs include 96Boards RK1808, Boardcon EM3399, Firefly RK3399, Khadas Edge, Lenovo Leez LP710, NanoPi M4B, Rock Pi 4, Pine64 RockPro64, Orange Pi 4, and Zidoo M9. SOMs include BeiQi RK3399Pro AIoT (Compatible 96boards), Boardcon PICO3399 SO-DIMM, and Geniatech SOM3399 RK3399 (Compatible 96boards). The
RK3399Pro is a version of the RK3399 that includes a 2.4 TOPS NPU. SBCs include Rock Pi N10, Toybrick RK3399Pro, and VMARC RK3399Pro SoM Ficus2 Evaluation Board. SOM example is VMARC RK3399Pro SoM.
RK35xx series The
RK3566 was expected to be available in Q2 2020, with the following specifications: • CPU – Quad-core
ARM Cortex-A55 @ 1.8 GHz • GPU – ARM Mali-G52 2EE MC1 • NPU – 1 TOPS with support for INT8/ INT16 • Multi-Media • 8M ISP 2.0 with 3F HDR (Line-based/Frame-based/DCG) • Support MIPI-CSI2,4-lane • 1080p60 H.265, H.264 encoding • 4K H.264/H.265/VP9 60 fps video decoder • DVP interface with BT.656/BT.1120 • Memory – 32-bit DDR3L/LPDDR3/DDR4/LPDDR4/LPDDR4X • Storage – eMMC 4.51, NAND Flash, SFC NOR flash, SATA 3.0, SD card via SDIO • Display • Support Dual Display • MIPI-DSI/RGB interface • LVDS/eDP/DP • HDMI 2.0 • Audio – 2 × 8-ch I2S, 2 × 2-ch I2S, PDM, TDM, SPDIF • Networking – 2 × RGMII interfaces (Gigabit Ethernet) with TSO (TCP segmentation offload ) network acceleration • USB – USB 2.0 OTG and USB 2.0 host; USB3.0 HOST • Other peripherals • PCIe • 3 × SDIO 3.0 interface for Wi-Fi and SD card • 6 × I2C, 10 × UART, 4 × SPI, 8 × PWM, 2 × CAN interface
RK3566-based SBC example are Pine64 Quartz64, Boardcon EM3566 SBC, Compact3566. and SoM example are Boardcon CM3566, PICO3566.
RK3568-based SBC example are Firefly Station P2, Boardcon EM3568, and SOM example are Core-3568J AI Core Board, CM3568 SOM. The
RK3576 is low-cost SoC with 8-cores older
Cortex-A72 and
Cortex-A53. It was expected to be available in Q4 2023. • CPU • Octa-core ARM processor with 4x
Cortex-A72 cores at 2.2 GHz, 4x
Cortex-A53 cores at 1.8 GHz • ARM
Cortex-M0 MCU at 400 MHz for user • GPU – ARM Mali-G52 MC3 GPU at 1.0 GHz • VPU • 4Kp120 H.265, H.264, AV1, VP9, AVS2 video decoder – • 4Kp30 H.264/H.265 video encoder • 4Kp30 MPEG encoder and decoder • Supports for 4Kp120 + 2.5Kp60 + 1080p60 • NPU – 6 TOPS NPU with INT4/8/16/FP16/BF16/TF32 • Memory – 32-bit LPDDR4/LPDDR4x/LPDDR5 • Storage • UFS 2.1 w/ HS-G3 (12Gbit/s) • FSPI (Octa), eMMC 5.1, SDMMC 3.0 • Video Output • HDMI 2.1 up to 4Kp120 or eDP 1.3 up to 4Kp60 Combo Tx • MIPI DSI-2 up to 4K60 • DisplayPort 1.4 up to 4Kp120 • ePD (Electronic Paper Display) up to 2560×1920 • Parallel interface (RGB888) up to 1080p60 • Camera I/F • 2x MIPI CSI-2 with D-PHY (4×1, 2×2) • 1x MIPI CSI-2 with C/D-PHY (4×1) • 1x 8/10/12/16-bit DVP • Picture Quality – Deinterlace, De-noise, Zoom Manage Engine, Sharpness, Edge Smoothing, DCI-HIST, 3D-LUT, ACM, HDR • Audio • I2S/TDM/PCM (2x 4T4R, 3x 2T2R) • 2x 8CH PDM • 2x S/PDIF • ASRC (2x 2CH + 2x 4CH) • Networking – 2x RGMII interface, i.e. dual gigabit Ethernet • USB – 1x USB 3.2 Gen 1 with support for Type-C Alt Mode with DisplayPort • PCIe • 1x PCIe 2.1/SATA 3.1/USB 3.2 Gen1 combo port • 1x PCIe 2.1/SATA 3.1 combo port • Other I/Os – CAN FD, I2C, SPI, UART, GPIO • Security •
ARM TrustZone security extension • Secure boot / key ladder / OTP • Cipher engine (RSA, ECC, HASH, DES, AES, SHA, SM) • Package – 16x17mm, 0.65pitch, FCCSP package The
RK3588 succeeds the RK3399Pro as flagship SoC. It was expected to be available in Q3/Q4 2020. and SOM example is CM3588 SOM.
RK36xx series Upcoming RK3668 announced by The Rockchip Developer Conference 2025 (RKDC!2025), with preliminary specifications: • CPU – 4x
Cortex-A730 + 6x
Cortex-A530 cores delivering ~200K DMIPS • GPU – ARM Magni GPU delivering 1-1.5 TFLOPS • AI accelerator – 16 TOPS RKNN-P3 NPU • VPU – 8K 60 FPS video decoder • ISP – AI-enhanced ISP supporting up to 8K at 30 FPS • Memory – LPDDR5/LPDDR5x/LPDDR6 up to 100 GB/s • Storage – UFS 4.0 • Video Output – HDMI 2.1 up to 8K 60 FPS, MIPI DSI • Peripherals interfaces – PCIe, UCIe • Process – 5~6 nm Alongside RK3688 is RK3588 successor as new flagship SoC with preliminary specifications: • CPU – 8x
Cortex-A730 + 4x
Cortex-A530 cores delivering >300K DMIPS • GPU – ARM Magni GPU delivering >2 TFLOPS • AI accelerator – 32 TOPS RKNN-P3 NPU • VPU – 16K 30 FPS video decoder, 8K 60 FPS video encoder • ISP – AI-enhanced ISP supporting up to 8K at 60 FPS • Memory – LPDDR5/LPDDR5x/LPDDR6 up to 200 GB/s • Storage – UFS 4.0 • Video Output – HDMI, MIPI DSI • Peripherals interfaces – PCIe, UCIe • Process – 4~5 nm == Open-source commitment ==