Rodrigues was named after
Portuguese explorer Diogo Rodrigues, who first came upon the uninhabited island in 1528, under direction of Portuguese Viceroy
Pedro Mascarenhas (namesake of the
Mascarene Islands). Many maps also describe it as Diego Roiz. From the 10th century,
Arabs are known to have visited the
Mascarene Islands. The
Cantino planisphere of and some other contemporary maps clearly show the three islands of the Mascarenes as
Dina Arobi (or
Harobi),
Dina Margabin and
Dina Moraze. These are apparently corrupted
transliterations or transcriptions of the
Arabic Diva Harab ("Desert Island"),
Diva Maghrebin ("Western Island") and
Diva Mashriq ("Eastern Island"). While the second clearly refers to
Réunion, sources disagree about which of the other is
Mauritius and which one Rodrigues, which are both to the east of Réunion and arranged in a somewhat stylised way on these maps. However, even in its original state, Rodrigues had some
karst, while Mauritius even after suffering 500 years of
deforestation can by no means be called "desert" even in a colloquial sense. The island was located again in February 1507. Part of the fleet of
Afonso de Albuquerque and
Tristão da Cunha,
Diogo Fernandes Pereira's ship
Cisne (Swan) spotted Réunion on 9 February after a
cyclone had diverted their course forcing them to go around Madagascar, unlike the rest of the fleet. It has also been opined that this was due to a navigational error by
Afonso de Albuquerque. The other two islands were subsequently rediscovered. The initial name was
Diogo Fernandes;
Domingo Froiz was given as a name some years later, and by 1528 it had been again renamed after the
Portuguese navigator Dom Diogo Rodrigues and has remained so since. The
orthography has been less stable at first, with the name being
transcribed Diogo Rodríguez (Spanish maps),
Diego Roiz,
Diego Ruys (Dutch maps) (or even ''Diego Ruy's Island
), Dygarroys
or Bygarroys
. Some early French sources called it Île Marianne''. Due to the island lying far off the beaten track of seafarers at that time, it received few visits. From 1601, the Dutch began visiting the island somewhat more regularly for fresh supplies of food. In 1691, the
Huguenot François Leguat and seven companions landed on the island, intending to set up a farming colony of
Protestant refugees. Farming was not successful, but there was an abundance of tortoises, turtles, birds, fish and other seafood. During the 18th century, several attempts were made by the French to develop the island. African
slaves (ancestors of the present population) were brought to Rodrigues to develop stock-breeding and farming. In 1735 a permanent French settlement was established, subordinated to
Île Bourbon. In 1809, after a brief battle with the French,
British troops took possession of Rodrigues. After British occupation, slavery was eventually
abolished in 1834. By 1843, the population had declined to a low of 250. In 1883, the eruption of the
Indonesian volcano
Krakatoa was heard at Rodrigues Island and it is the furthest point, at almost , at which the explosion was heard. The sound was described as "the roar of heavy guns". Naval ships were ordered to investigate as it was feared the sound was due to a ship in distress firing its guns. The noise remains the loudest sound in recorded history. In September 1897, solo sailor
Joshua Slocum spent eight days on the island. He would later write, "At Rodriguez one may now find every convenience for filling pure and wholesome water in any quantity. Governor Roberts having built a reservoir in the hills, above the village, and laid pipes to the jetty, where, at the time of my visit, there were five and a half feet at high tide. In former years well-water was used, and more or less sickness occurred from it. Beef may be had in any quantity on the island, and at a moderate price. Sweet potatoes were plentiful and cheap; the large sack of them that I bought there for about four shillings kept unusually well. I simply stored them in the sloop's dry hold. Of fruits, pomegranates were most plentiful; for two shillings I obtained a large sack of them, as many as a donkey could pack from the orchard, which, by the way, was planted by nature herself." Early in 1968,
HMS Cambrian, which was part of the
Beira Patrol following the
Unilateral Declaration of Independence of
Rhodesia, was diverted to Rodrigues to quell a reported uprising by some of the populace. The uprising consisted of a number of individuals who had been arrested by the local authorities for breaking into a warehouse and appropriating a supply of sweet potatoes. Other locals went to the authorities and by violence released the arrested persons. At this point, it is believed that the authorities requested assistance which was provided by HMS
Cambrian. On her early morning arrival, the ship's 4.5" guns were fired (with blanks, it is believed) and an armed landing party was provided. This resulted in the offenders being rounded up and imprisoned again. ==Geography==