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Tang Ti-sheng

Tang Ti-sheng, born Tang Kang-nien, was a Cantonese opera playwright, scriptwriter, and film director. His contributions to Cantonese opera significantly influenced Hong Kong's reform and development of the genre beginning in the late 1930s.

Early life
The Tolling Bell (1940) with the help of Ng Cho-fan who in 1989 described how sick Tang looked the afternoon before collapsing in the Lee Theatre. ==Career==
Career
Tang started out as in-law of the Sit household. Tang's rise from modesty to greatness went through a process generally taken to have three stages of remarkable improvements. Initial stage • 靳永棠 (?–2004) Kan Wing Tong On 25 August 1989, months before Wong Yue Sang (王粵生) (8 January 1919 – 12 December 1989) died, Mr. Wong talked about his experience working with Tang on Fong (濃茶 strong tea) and Hung (醇酒 fine wine), vocal styles dominate the Cantonese opera world since the early 1950s, with Hung mostly to the north of Hong Kong while Fong in Hong Kong and overseas until Hung visited Hong Kong in 1980 again since her departure in 1955. Hung presented the second Mrs. Tang (Cheng Meng-har, 鄭孟霞) The Immortal Zhang Yuqiao (the Most Respectable Courtesan) (萬世流芳張玉喬) The brutal blow to Tang's ego resulted in the first sign of enlightenment, better crafted lines spoken by the husband Cai Yong (蔡伯喈) in ending scene of The Story of the Lute in early 1956. The Summer Snow (see The Injustice to Dou E) Influenced by Cheng Meng-har Born to a Chinese father and a Japanese mother, Cheng Meng-har was an accomplished Chinese opera performer (in Shanghai, China) long before Tang started diving into some of his most famous career choices. production company (興友影業公司), with Yam as Jia Baoyu the then contemporary best known Jia Baoyu from a 1962 Chinese opera film, having her student with only a year of training to debut as such character. The 1983 version with Loong Kim Sang (Loong) as the male lead under such circumstances. In 1959, Yam was photographed with a pen in hand reviewing Tang's last title, with the second male lead for debut, Lam Kar Sing, and Tang at the table. Yam and Loong, her successor, had demonstrated how little difference it made when they each had different co-stars in these titles known as the BIG FOUR. (A Romance of Pear Blossoms is sometimes known as one of the BIG FIVE.) Repertoire by chronological order of debut:- • The Peony Pavilion (1956) (see Tang Xianzu) : According to Hong Kong Movie DataBase (HKMDB), Pak Yin (Chinese: 白燕) played Du Liniang (Chinese: 杜麗娘), as the lead actress in two Cantonese films. Both historical period dramas were adapted version of this story. Tang started his own piece later in 1956. :: In The Peony Pavilion (1940), Cheung Ying (Chinese: 張瑛) played the male lead Liu Mengmei (Chinese: 柳夢梅). :: In Beauty Raised from the Dead (1956), set in "Late Qing Dynasty and Early Republic of China", Cheung Wood-yau (Chinese: 張活游) played the male lead Liu Mengmei (Chinese: 柳夢梅). Tang borrowed the ending plot in this film as the magical ending for his last piece in 1959. :::Cheung Wood-yau worked closely with Tang and his wife in Hong Kong throughout His hands were forced by the debut female lead who booked Lee Theatre without Tang's agreement to have this title ready. : According to Cheng Meng-har, Tang wanted to quit as a Cantonese opera playwright. : Many sudden deaths () related to this title have been reported throughout the six decades since debut. ::Troupe manager, Xu See (), Hong Kong, 1979 (brother of Cantonese opera playwright Xu Ruodai, author of Dream of Red Chamber throughout the 1940s in Macau) ::Composer, Chu Ngai Kong (), Singapore, 23 June 1981 Yam (in 1968) and then Loong (since 1972) took these four titles along with many other titles of Tang all around the world, including Vietnam (1972) and Las Vegas (1982). However, their reputation as iconic started in the mid-1970s. In those years since the 1970 grinding halt, Cantonese film productions in Hong Kong were few and far between. Loong and classmates were limited by design to play characters in these four only and none others, in order to boost the status of these titles of teachers. (This is very common among Yam's generation of performers. Those grew up in the 1960s in Hong Kong keep this running in full force on various platforms funded by the general public, particularly those more talented students, to promote teachers' own status.) Yam had much more under her belt beyond these but other teachers were not in the same shoes. Fame came much faster and through wider audience from cinemas than theaters. Loong's first film as male lead was, except for Yam who made it happen, an unexpected hit. The grand plan came only since then. It started with the 1976 film Princess Chang Ping directed by John Woo and ended with the next low-budget production by director Lee Tit. Lee wanted to make The Peony Pavilion (1956) in 1975 but in vain. Being under the weather in 1976, Yam neither monitored the work of Lee nor found the result satisfactory after it was all said and done. Egoism, copyrights and profitability led to wars among studios/directors/producers/copyright-holders. Yam put an end to all related activities. Loong's loyalty to Yam (and therefore stage productions) was tested. Loong sent the offer of "HK$100,000 per film" right back to Yam. That stopped the yet-to-be-named person in his track. Director Kong Lung (龍剛) talked about his desire related to The Reincarnation of a Beauty (1959) in 1989. Characteristics of the BIG FOUR (FIVE) are:- 1). Main characters:- :Male leads - multi-faceted but always a loyal lover :Female leads - hubris, contrary to introverted (back then generally accepted quality in a good woman) and audience did not care for her performance in the 1956 flop Dream of Red Chamber () 2). Plot good in structure and logic :All are adaptations of existing Chinese opera stories from authors before Tang instead of his own creation. 3). Polished and well crafted lines/lyrics :Lesson learnt from Sun Yim Yeung Troupe. 4). Melodies and scores well-received :Wong Yue Sang (see #1 above) and Chu Ngai Kong (see #4 above) came up with most of the well-known pieces. :Mr. Wong Sum Fan (王心帆 8). Sing and dance but Shippers like Natalia Chan had expressed their 360 degree fantasy such as "'''too bad they don't....'" while two sisters had a plan for their own boy'' toy. Ban on actors/actresses sharing the stage was lifted about 20 years before this. The interaction on stage between actors (or actress like Yam) in male lead roles and actresses in female lead roles were very modest. 10). Happy ending (meet-date-marry-reunion in heaven if not on earth) Roles as mature with life experience Tang chaired the script-review sessions with the six pillars. Ng Kwun Lai was an up-and-coming performer who just hit big with her martial agility in the breakthrough role of Leang Hung-yuk (meaning Red Jade) in ''How Liang Hongyu's War Drum Caused the Jin Army to Retreat (1956) when Tang was ready to help her excel as "verdant-robed girls" (qingyi''). To commemorate the 30th anniversary of Tang's passing, Ng (without any successor to carry water for her) put five titles of their collaboration on stage in Hong Kong City Hall from 4 to 8 in June 1989. The female leads, not described as particularly lovable, in these five titles go through life starting out young or already married with a son while the male leads (both primary and secondary) had major interactions between themselves. Cast for debut were all actors who could hold their own courts. No successors to those actors however spent time on these titles as Loong did for Yam's legacy titles. That may explain the relative lack of popularity compared to the BIG FOUR. Original male lead for most of these titles was Ho Fei Fan, a well-known vocalist who held his own court and one of the very few actors who successfully portrayed Jia Baoyu. In The Blessings of the Moon, the original scene when male and female leads meet, date and get engaged has been replaced by a clean version for the male lead (a scholar) to look more decent in the minds of actors who picked up the baton since Ho. Actors of a generation (known to have extramarital affairs or as adulterers off stage), except only one recently, found such move of a hot-blooded young man, a scholar, to be scandalous. Hard to tell if a scholar's mind in the gutter or those actors' minds in the gutter was the true reason. It was confirmed to be the later in 2018 by Law Kar Ying. ==Copyright==
Copyright
In addition to the usual one time payment from Yam, Loong provided ex-gratia payments of a few thousand dollars each year for Tang's family as a friendly gesture for years. In 1990, not long since the passing of Yam, titles, mostly those Loong performed over the years, for a 6-figure sum in HK$, contrary to the gentleman's agreement Tang made with his customers regularly as a librettist. (If HK$100,000, it would be about HK$10,000 each year for the rest of her life.) In mid-1980, Loong wrote about her conflicting emotions being the lucky one carrying the torch, probably only because Tang died so young. A simple way to put it, but not her words, could be:「生笙不識,生生不熄!」 Book deals, interviews on TV or radio, by the Press in general, academics' researches, former acquaintances, etc. became the livelihood of those, pedestrian A, not even remotely related to Tang. Instead of stealing Tang's bowl of thunder, they became known informally as something like Tang Scholars instead of successors of the sort that could come up with more decent opera scripts. In 2009, Yuen opined that Loong was the only performer of their generation could have put another librettist on the map. Unfortunately, that could have happened only if Loong were not required to stay with all the Tang's titles, good or bad, since debut as career performer. The attempts to breakthrough were resisted, in no bigger way than: • 1982 The Story of Emperor Li production, Loong's successful attempt to break that mold (Only Loong's second parents supported her. Luo Pinchao commented on the debut but Yam refrained from doing so and gave a cryptic response when asked by the Press. Chinese:先說:"我不識嘢的,怎可以說什麼意見呢?" 又再一次說:"沒有,我沒有話可講。") or • Mid-1970s rumored but failed attempt (since it would have otherwise opened to the world that can of worms instead of what ended up in 1977 by another film production company or • Failed attempt to make a Farewell, My Husband film in Cantonese instead of what ended up in the 1970s. To people around Tang beyond immediate family, they benefited from what could be exhibit A for "...worth more dead than alive." – quote from Death of a Salesman Fong Yim Fun appeared to be the only performer who managed her collaborations with Tang best by getting the film rights and making the films as many times as she wanted to her satisfaction. Lam Kar Sing also appeared to have learnt from Fong when he kept most of his collaborations with librettists published in his troupe's name. On the contrary, Loong was made to record CD for free for librettist in 1980 and could not get other CDs made on her own with that librettist's approval. However, said librettist renamed the pieces and sold them as many times as he wanted on top of royalty payments (1% ?). Double-dipping: • Tang did split some titles into two. That is, same story (with even same names for characters) sometimes for one troupe in Hong Kong while the other troupe performed in Vietnam, per Ng Kwun Lai. A Wife in Nobility is Never Free (一入侯門深似海) and Marrying the Sister-in-Law (再世重溫金鳳緣) may be another example of legitimate twins since they are both Fong's work but decades apart by Tang. The clean version of Yam's The Marriage of Tang Bohu renamed as The Marriage of Three Smiles (三笑姻緣) for Loong is also well-known. A few evil doubles have no such proofs and therefore are not necessarily legitimate twins. For example, same plot, lines, lyrics and names for characters in contemporary opera title Heaven Brought Us Together (天賜良緣) instead of using those titles on records, Loong's A Phoenix in Springtime (金鳳迎春) or Yam's The Merry Phoenix (彩鳳喜迎春). • Ex-gratia payments, an honor for Loong, was confirmed by the second Mrs. Tang on radio in the 1980s but never reported by publications from very serious academics or pedestrian A. Rewriting history had been the case more often than not in works of academics, especially from universities in Hong Kong. Another piece of evidence illustrating the paid for or motivated to be biased nature of publications on Cantonese opera.) ==Libretti==
[[Libretti]]
Over 440 in total. A • All Because of a Smile B • Beautiful Begonia • Beauty Fades From Twelve Ladies' Tower • A Beauty's Flourishing Fragrant or A Pedestal of Rouge Fragrance or Sweet Dew on a Beautiful Flower (3 titles in English for the same one in Chinese) • Bird at Sunset • The Blessings of the Moon • A Buddhist Recluse for Fourteen Years C DDi Nü Hua • The Double-Pearl Phoenix F • Flower of the Night • Forty Years of Cherished Love starring the same male lead and the wife of Tang's archrival, ironically also written by her husband) 1952, 1952 and 1960 H • The Happy Wedding • I'm Crazy About You J K L • The Lady's Sash and 1964 film) for the same Chinese title • The Lover with a Heart of Steel • Lovers' Reunion or Returning Home on a Snowy Night • The Love Song in the Scripture (艷曲梵經) • Love Triangle • Mysterious Murder or Hongling's Blood as directed by Tang in 1951 Part 1 and Part 2 N • Nocturnal Dreams of Love O • The Outburst of a Shrew and Part 2 (1953) • The Peony Pavilion or renamed The Merry Phoenix (1958 film by the debut cast) • The Purple Hairpin • Red Cherries and a Broken Heart • The Red Plum Pavilion • Regret from the Spring Lantern and Feather Fan • The Reincarnation of a Beauty • A Romance of Pear Blossoms • The Spy Who Loves Me and 1959 film Gui Zhi Sues written by others with the same English title of this story • The Story of the Lute • The Story of a Woman Scholar at the Han Place • Sword of Destined Revenge • A Wife in Nobility is Never Free (一入侯門深似海) (film in hkmdb) XXi Shi Y • You Sisters of the Red Chamber (紅樓二尤) • Younger Brother Bridge Z Notes See also • Synopses of Cantonese Opera (Chinese/English) • search=唐滌生 of Cantonese Opera Young Talent Showcase Webpage (www.hkbarwoymt.com) ==References==
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