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Thorpe & Porter

Thorpe & Porter was a British publisher, importer, and distributor of magazines and comic books. At first, the company was known for repackaging American comics and pulp magazines for the UK market. Later on, it became a publisher of original material. The company released more than 160 comics titles in the UK, the most prominent being Classics Illustrated, MAD UK, Edgar Rice Burroughs' Tarzan of the Apes, Larry Harmon's Laurel & Hardy, House of Hammer, and Forbidden Worlds. T & P's most prominent imprints were Top Sellers Ltd. and Brown Watson. Thorpe & Porter operated from 1946 to c. 1979.

Corporate history
Origins Entrepreneur Fred Thorpe started with a newsagent's shop in Leicester, where he recognized the appeal of American pulp magazines and comic books. After World War II, however, the UK was intent on promoting homegrown publishers, and thus banned the direct importation of American periodicals. Relationship with Arnold Book Company In 1953, T & P seems to have acquired the Arnold Book Company (ABC) as a separate line (ABC was owned by Arnold L. Miller, the "Son" in the British reprint publisher L. Miller & Son, Ltd.). Arnold Book Company appears as an imprint on the T & P titles Justice Traps the Guilty, Kid Colt, Outlaw Young Brides, and Young Romance from that point until 1958, when ABC shut down. (T & P later published a second volume of 13 issues of Justice Traps the Guilty.) Marvel and DC distributor In 1959, with the lifting of the UK ban on importation of American periodicals, Gilberton had launched Gilberton World-Wide Publications as a European branch in 1956, and T & P became part of its stable of European publishers. As a consequence, of the 181 British issues of Classics Illustrated, 13 never appeared in America (additionally, there were some variations in cover art). Bankruptcy and acquisition by DC/Warner In July 1966, Thorpe & Porter went bankrupt, As a result of all this consolidation, by 1969 T & P's comics output became almost exclusively reprints of DC titles, as well as ''Larry Harmon's Laurel & Hardy, a color comic book series based on the Laurel & Hardy'' animated TV series. In 1971, Warner's international distribution operations merged with Columbia Pictures to form Columbia-Warner Distributors. Thorpe & Porter moved its offices to the Columbia-Warner House in Soho, London; Williams had European-language divisions in Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, and Sweden; most of these publishers were sold off around 1979.) In 1976, British editor Dez Skinn was brought in to expand the comics arm of Williams Publishing. He took over editing MAD UK, ''Edgar Rice Burroughs' Tarzan of the Apes, Edgar Rice Burroughs' Korak, Son of Tarzan, and the Laurel & Hardy comic. He also launched House of Hammer''. Sale to W. H. Allen and closure Warner sold its publishing division, including Thorpe & Porter, to W. H. Allen & Co. in 1977, which in 1978 decided to close it down (with Skinn almost immediately moving on to the top position at Marvel UK). MAD UK finally ended its run in 1994. For their part, the Babani brothers of Brown Watson retained the various licenses for their hardback annuals, and in 1979 formed a new company, Grandreams, to continue publishing them. Grandreams lasted through at least 1996. After his stint at Marvel UK, in 1982 Skinn started Quality Communications and revived House of Hammer (as Halls of Horror); he continued the magazine until 1984. == Publications ==
Publications
Paperback books Thorpe & Porter started out as a publisher of lurid and sensationalist paperback books, originally in digest size and later in the more traditional format. • Amazing Stories – 32 reprint issues (June 1950 – 1954) The Thorpe & Porter issues were undated, but the pulp issues were numbered from 1 to 24, and were initially bimonthly. With December 1953 came the change to digest-size and a perfectly regular bimonthly schedule that lasted until February 1955. And starting in February 1952 and continuing through August 1955, T & P published ten issues of the second series of Science Fiction Quarterly. The issues, which were cut from the U.S. editions, corresponding to 10 of the first 13 issues, from May 1951 to May 1954. (The omitted issues were November 1951, May 1952, and August 1953.) The order of publication was not the same as for the US editions. • Fantastic – eight bimonthly issues from December 1953 to February 1955; the issues were not dated on the cover. These correspond to the US issues from September/October 1953 to December 1954, and were numbered volume 1, #1–8. • Galaxy Science Fiction – far and away the most successful of T & P's British reprint editions, began in January 1953 with the eccentrically numbered volume 3 issue 1 (of the American original vol. 5 #1), proceeded to reprint the previous American issue (vol. 4 #6) as volume 3 issue 2, followed by American vol. 5 #2 as vol. 3 #3, vol. 5 #3 as vol. 3 #4, etc, proceeding in a more or less orderly fashion – dropping the extraordinary Volume 3 number after Volume 3 issue 12, continuing monthly (with the occasional hiccup) as far as issue 94. After volume 3 issue 12, one or two short stories, and quite often the reviews and a non-fiction department were dropped from the U.S. original, and from issue 80 onwards of this BRE the only differences were the printing of the U.K. price and number replacing the U.S. price and date on the cover. After issue 94, a round ink-stamped U.K. month number over price was stamped on the front cover of the original U.S. editions. • New Worlds & Science Fantasy – in the 1960s, T & P distributed the British science fiction magazines New Worlds and Science Fantasy (also known as SF Impulse), published by Roberts & Vinter). When in July 1966 Thorpe & Porter went bankrupt (see below) while owing Roberts & Vinter a substantial sum, the resulting financial pressure led Roberts & Vinter to decide to focus on their more profitable magazines, and the February 1967 issue of SF Impulse was the last, though its sister magazine New Worlds, survived via an Arts Council grant. Comics Because of the UK importation ban, T & P got into the comics business – primarily with reprints – in the 1950s with a selection of romance, western, and war comics, reprinted in black-and-white from American companies like Gilberton, American Comics Group, Atlas Comics, Crestwood Publications, Dell Comics, and National Periodical Publications (now DC Comics). Thorpe & Porter was one of the first British publishers to print its own clean versions of the comics, "using blocks made from imported American matrices." Right off the bat, Thorpe & Porter's most successful comics title was Classics Illustrated (The comic followed the plot of the film with images of the film's actors rather than Ian Fleming's original novel.) In the period 1951 to 1953, Thorpe & Porter acquired a number of fellow British publisher Arnold Book Company's reprint titles, It featured black-and-white reprints of DC's Mystery In Space and Strange Adventures stories with slightly adapted covers from the original Mystery In Space series. T & P published a hardback Mystery In Space Annual in 1968. Although it used the cover to Mystery In Space #95, the contents of the annual were complete random issues of remaindered comics from a number of companies including their covers, and not Mystery In Space stories. Other reprint titles with which T & P had some success included Blackhawk, Gene Autry Comics, Forbidden Worlds, Kid Colt, Outlaw, Tomahawk, and Young Romance. MAD UK was published by T & P from 1959 to 1979, and then continued on with other publishers until 1994, producing 290 issues in all. The Brown Watson imprint, (Most covers were probably illustrated by UK artists.) 24 Double Double titles were published, mostly featuring Superman or Batman (and their associated supporting characters). The titles with the most issues were Action Double Double Comics (5 issues), Adventure Double Double Comics (4 issues), and Batman Double Double Comics, Detective Double Double Comics, and Superboy Double Double Comics (3 issues each). According to owners of some of the comics, the oddest thing about the Double Double line was, "not all issues had the same four comics inside. It was possible to purchase two copies of Double Double Detective #3 and find different coverless DC issues within. It was even possible to sometimes find a Marvel comic mixed in with the DCs!" In the 1970s, the Brown Watson imprint was known for the hardback comics annuals it published based on popular film, television, animation, and comics properties. The annuals featured a mix of comic strips and illustrated text stories. the company's most successful comics launched during this period included the long-running titles Funny Half Hour, Edgar Rice Burroughs Tarzan of the Apes, Edgar Rice Burroughs Korak, Son of Tarzan, and the various Pocket Library titles, particularly Western Library, Chiller Library, and Romance Library. Skinn's House of Hammer was a horror-themed magazine of all original content, which combined text articles with comic strips, and helped launch the careers of a number of British comics creators, including Steve Moore, Brian Bolland, John Bolton, and David Lloyd. Skinn and Brown Watson line editor John Barraclough often used some of the same artists for their comics properties. Mad UK, meanwhile, won the 1977 Eagle Award for "Favourite Black & White Comicbook – Humour." == Imprints ==
Imprints
Arnold Book Company (1953–1958) – comics • Beacon Publishing Co. Ltd. (1948–1951) – paperback books • Brown, Watson Ltd. ( 1956– 1979) – Conflict Picture Library and Romance in Pictures in the early part of the 1960s, standard format paperbacks after ceasing to use the Digit Books imprint, and hardback annuals in the 1970s • Digit Books (wholly owned paperback imprint of Brown, Watson Ltd.) (1956 – 1966) – general and category fiction, and some non-fiction, initially; standard format paperback books • General Books Distribution (G.B.D. Ltd.) (1977–1978) – men's magazine titles (like Cinema X and Parade, and, originally, The House of Hammer) • Hermitage (1947–1948; 1952–1953) – initially a paperback imprint, then used for some comics • Jenson (1952–1953) – comics • Jewel Books (1949–1954) – paperback books • Knole Park Press (1948–1949) – paperback books • Strato Publications (1949–1962) – originally paperback books, then science fiction and fantasy digest format magazine reprints, and science fiction, super-hero and western comics reprints • Thorpe & Porter ( 1951–1965) – pulp magazine reprints; science fiction and fantasy digest magazine format reprints after the closure of the Strato Publications imprint through the 1966 bankruptcy, though over-stamping U.S. editions at the end; and the Classics Illustrated comics line • Top Sellers Ltd.( 1956– 1979) – most comics and magazines • Williams Publishing and Distributing Co. Ltd. (1971–1977) – men's magazines; Tarzan and Korak comics, and other comics titles Imprints timeline == Titles published (selected) ==
Titles published (selected)
Pulp magazines T & P Comics ; Titles that published 30 or more issues. • Benjy and His Friends (Thorpe & Porter, 30 issues, 1971–1972) – translations of a European children's comic • Blackhawk (Thorpe & Porter, 37 issues, 1956–1958) • Classics Illustrated (Thorpe & Porter, 181 issues, Oct. 1951–June 1963) • Fox and Crow (Thorpe & Porter, 31 issues, early 1970s) • Gene Autry Comics (Thorpe & Porter, 36 issues, 1953–1954) • Edgar Rice Burroughs Korak, Son of Tarzan (Thorpe & Porter, 71 issues, 1971–1976) • Edgar Rice Burroughs Tarzan of the Apes [1st series] (Thorpe & Porter, 7 issues, 1970–1971) • Edgar Rice Burroughs Tarzan of the Apes [2nd series] (Thorpe & Porter, 116 issues, 3 March 1971 – 1975) • Forbidden Worlds (Thorpe & Porter, 145 issues, 1950–1969) • Funny Half Hour (Thorpe & Porter, 171 issues, 1970–1979) • Golden Hours (Williams, 31 issues, 1972) • House of Hammer (Top Sellers/General Books, 23 issues, Oct. 1976–July 1978) – changed title to ''Hammer's House of Horror and Hammer's Halls of Horror; later revived as Halls of Horror'' by Quality CommunicationsKid Colt Outlaw (Thorpe & Porter, 58 issues, 1950–1960) – contained black-and-white reprints from both Atlas Comics and DC Comics • ''Larry Harmon's Laurel & Hardy'' (Thorpe & Porter, 142 issues plus eight extra-large issues, 1969–1974) • Mad (Thorpe & Porter, 290 issues, Oct. 1959–June 1986) • Pixi Tales (Thorpe & Porter, 87 issues, 1959–1963) • Pocket Chiller Library (Thorpe & Porter, 137 issues, 1971–1977) – reprints of Italian and Spanish horror comics followed by some original stories by European and British creators • Pocket Detective Library (Thorpe & Porter, 67 issues, early 1970s) • Pocket Romance Library (Thorpe & Porter, 113 issues, 1971–1974) • Pocket War Library (Thorpe & Porter, 229 issues, 1965–1972) • Pocket Western Library (Thorpe & Porter, 188 issues, 1970s) • Tomahawk (Thorpe & Porter, 41 issues, 1954–1957) • World Illustrated (Thorpe & Porter, 34 issues, 1960–1963) • Yogi and His Toy / ''Hanna-Barbera's Fun Time'' (Williams, 60 total issues, 1972–1973) • Young Brides (Thorpe & Porter, 38 issues, 1953–1955) • Young Love (Thorpe & Porter, 46 issues, 1953–1955) • Young Romance (Thorpe & Porter, 39 issues, 1953–1955) Brown Watson annuals Batman & Robin Annual (1972) • The Bionic Woman (2 issues, 1977–1978) • ''Casper's Ghostland Annual'' (1973) • Charlie Chaplin Annual (1974) • Flash Gordon Annual (2 issues, 1968 and 1981) • The Flintstones Annual (1976) • The Funky Phantom Annual (1974) • The Gemini Man Annual (1978) • The Great Grape Ape Annual (2 issues, 1977–1978) – 1977 annual featured Hong Kong Phooey; 1978 annual featured Boss CatHanna Barbera Scooby Doo Where Are You... Annual (8 issues, 1973–1980) • The Harlem Globetrotters Annual Featuring Dastardly and Muttley and The Perils of Penelope Pitstop (1973) • Inch High Private Eye & Pixie & Dixie Annual (1977) • Laurel and Hardy Annual (6 issues, 1969–1980) • ''Logan's Run Annual'' (1978) • The Magician Annual (1975) • Marvel Presents the Superheroes Annual (1978) • The Muppet Show Annual (1978) • The New Avengers Annual (2 issues, 1977–1978) • The Pink Panther Annual (1976) • Planet of the Apes Annual (3 issues, 1975–1977) • Popeye Annual (2 issues, 1972–1976) • Science Fiction in Pictures Outer Space (2 issues, 1963) • The Six Million Dollar Man Annual (3 issues, 1977–1979) • Star Wars Annual (1978) • Superman Annual (1972) • Superman/Batman with Robin the Boy Wonder Annual (5 issues, 1974–1978) • The Sweeney Annual (2 issues, 1977 & 1978) • Tarzan Annual (7 issues, [Sept.] 1972–[Sept.] 1979) • Wacky Races Annual (3 issues, 1973–1976) – 1973 annual featured Motormouse and Autocat; 1975 annual featured the Harlem Globetrotters == See also ==
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