TransPennine Express

During the early 2020s, the incumbent operator of the TransPennine Express franchise, FirstGroup's TransPennine Express, suffered severe disruption of its services, which was largely attributable to events such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the 2022–2023 United Kingdom railway strikes. On 11 May 2023, following numerous cancellations and service disruptions, the Department for Transport (DfT) announced that First Group's contract to operate the franchise would not be renewed and, as a result, TPE would cease operations on 28 May 2023. In its place, operations were taken over by operator of last resort (OLR) TransPennine Trains. Performance The performance of TransPennine Trains has been criticised, being amongst the least punctual train operators during 2023, with an on-time performance of 47.7% between April 2023 and March 2024, which resulted in 311,070 delay compensation claims. In October 2023, the operator announced that it would be temporarily cutting services from 320 services per day to 300, reducing off-peak trains between the cities of Leeds and Manchester, with the goal of improving both punctuality and reliability. TransPennine Trains' managing director, Chris Jackson, stated that this move allowed for greater driver training and helped to stabilise the timetable, and that the operator would reintroduce the full timetable by December 2024 at the latest. Shortly thereafter, the company released a new timetable comparison tool to aid customers in interpreting the service levels and changes enacted. Industrial action During early December 2023, TransPennine Trains' services were disrupted by industrial action as the train drivers belonging to the Associated Society of Locomotive Engineers and Firemen (ASLEF) trade union implemented a ban on overtime and a series of rolling strikes. That same month, the operator reinstated direct train services between and for the first time in 50 years; this service change was facilitated by recent infrastructure improvement work undertaken as part of the Transpennine Route Upgrade (TRU). ==Services==

TransPennine Trains took over all services operated by its predecessor, FirstGroup-owned TransPennine Express, on 28 May 2023. The TransPennine Express routes are subdivided into three operations: • North Route, which includes all routes that pass through the core section between Manchester station group and ; • Anglo-Scottish Route, which consists of services on the West Coast Main Line; • South Route, which includes services running on the Hope Valley Line and the South Humberside Main Line. As of June 2025, the following services operate off-peak, seven days a week: Peak hours Following the December 2024 timetable change, the following changes were made to services during peak hours: • A Northern Trains service between and Castleford was transferred to TransPennine Express. This was converted to a peak hour extension of the to Huddersfield service to extend to York calling additionally at , , , and . This service run hourly throughout the day. • Additional hourly services were added between Manchester Piccadilly and Leeds and some Manchester Piccadilly to Huddersfield services are extended to Leeds. These services have varying stopping patterns ranging from stopping at all stations to only stopping at Huddersfield. These services allow for more express services between Manchester and Leeds as well as ensuring two trains per hour to stations between Manchester and Leeds during peak times. ==Routes==

Upon commencing operations, TransPennine Express inherited the fleet of the previous franchisee. Various minor refurbishment programmes were quickly enacted. The oldest trains in the fleet, the Class 185 multiple-units, were subject to an interior deep clean, which included the replacement of all carpets. Furthermore, all of the seats were recovered and improvements to the onboard toilet facilities were made. By late 2023, TransPennine Express had also formulated its new trains programme, a longer-term initiative in which the operator stated its intention to introduce new technologies to support decarbonisation, the acceleration of efforts to cascade and eventually entirely remove diesel trains from its fleet, and enact a new long-term depot and maintenance strategy. During September 2023, following a radical review by the DfT, it was announced that TransPennine Express's Nova 3 train sets, comprising Class 68 diesel locomotives hauling rakes of Mark 5A carriages, had been scheduled for withdrawal. Chris Jackson, managing director of TransPennine Express, has advocated for the need to simplify the operator's fleet, resource planning, and overall business strategy. Current fleet Past fleet ==References==