January – March •
January 17 – Queen Oljath, who had been the Queen consort of the
Kingdom of Georgia as wife of
King Vakhtang II (d. 1292), and then his cousin,
King David VIII (d. 1302), marries a third time, taking as her husband Qara Sonqur, Governor of
Maragheh (in the modern-day East Azerbaijan province of Iran), in exchange for a
dowry of 30,000 dinars. •
January 21 (3 Shawwal 713 AH) –
Muhammad III of Granada, Sultan from 1302 to 1309, is murdered by being drowned in the pool of the Dar al-Kubra on orders of his brother, Sultan
Nasr. •
February 8 (21 Shawwal 713 AH) – Sultan
Nasr of Granada is forced to abdicate after 18 days as the ruler of the
Emirate of Granada (in modern-day
Spain) by his nephew,
Abu'l-Walid Ismail I ibn Faraj, who is proclaimed at the
Alhambra as the new Sultan. •
March 18 –
Jacques de Molay, Grand Master of the
Knights Templar and
Geoffroi de Charney, are, by orders of King
Philip IV of France ("Philip the Fair"),
burned at the stake in front of the cathedral of
Notre-Dame de Paris on the
Île de la Cité in the
Seine. Jacques declares his innocence and that the Templar Order is also innocent of all the charges of
heresy. It is said that Jacques correctly predicts the deaths of both Philip and
Pope Clement V within the year. •
March –
Tour de Nesle Affair: After confirmation that two of his sons' wives are engaged in
adultery, King Philip IV of France orders the arrest of his daughters-in-law,
Margaret of Burgundy (the wife of
Prince Louis X),
Blanche of Burgundy (wife of
Prince Charles of Valois), and
Joan II, Countess of Burgundy (wife of
Prince Philip V). The arrests come after the accusations of King Philip's daughter,
Isabella, Queen consort of England, and surveillance of the Tower of Nesle. Joan II is charged with being an accessory for being aware of the crime and not reporting it, and put under house arrest until after King Philip's death later in the year. Blanche is imprisoned at the
Château Gaillard until 1322. Margaret will die of illness in prison a year later, and five months after technically becoming Queen consort of France. Two knights,
Philip of Aunay and his older brother Walter of Aunay, are also arrested for adultery (with Margaret and Blanche respectively), imprisoned, tortured at the Place du Grand Martroy in
Pontoise and brutally executed on
April 19.
April – June •
April 4 –
Exeter College, Oxford, in
England is founded by
Walter Stapledon, Bishop of Exeter, and his brother for the education of clergy. •
April 20 –
Pope Clement V dies after an 9-year
pontificate at
Roquemaure. During his reign, he has reorganized and centralized the administration of the
Catholic Church. •
May 1 – The
1314–1316 papal conclave to elect a successor to Pope Clement V begins at
Carpentras Cathedral in Provence with 23 cardinals in attendance, of whom the votes of 16 are necessary to elect a new Pontiff. The cardinals are divided into three factions, none of which have more than eight people, with a group from
Italy (led by Guillaume de Mandagot), who want to move the papacy back to
Rome; nine from
Gascony, most of whom are relatives of Pope Clement (led by
Arnaud de Pellegrue); and five from
Provence (led by
Berengar Fredol). •
May 14 – In Italy, more than 50 of the
Fraticelli spiritualists of the Franciscan order of Tuscany are
excommunicated from the Roman Catholic Church by the Archbishop of Genoa after refusing to return to obedience to the Pope. •
June 17 –
First War of Scottish Independence: English forces led by King
Edward II leave
Berwick-upon-Tweed to march to break the Scottish siege of
Stirling Castle. They cross the
River Tweed at
Wark and
Coldstream and march west across the flat Merse of
Berwickshire towards
Lauderdale. In
Earlston, Edward uses an old
Roman road through the
Lammermuir Hills, practical for the wheeled transport of a long supply train as well as the cavalry and infantry. •
June 19 – English forces march to the environs of
Edinburgh; here Edward II waits for the wagon train of over 200 baggage and supply wagons – which straggle behind the long columns, to catch up. At the nearby port of
Leith, English supply ships land stores for the army – who will be well rested before the march that will bring them to Stirling Castle, before the deadline of
June 24. During the battle, the Scottish pikemen formed in
schiltrons (or
phalanx) repulses the English cavalry (some 2,000 men). Edward II flees with his bodyguard (some 500 men), while panic spreads among the remaining forces, turning their defeat into a rout. Stirling Castle is surrendered to the Scots. •
June 25 – Edward II arrives at
Dunbar Castle, and takes safely a ship to
Bamburgh in
Northumberland. His mounted escort takes the coastal route from
Dunbar to Berwick. •
September 29 – In exchange for captured English nobles, Edward II releases
Elizabeth de Burgh, wife of
Robert the Bruce, his sister
Mary Bruce, and his daughter
Marjorie Bruce.
October – December •
October 19 –
19 October 1314 imperial election for the
Holy Roman Emperor at
Sachsenhausen (Frankfurt am Main). The 25-year-old
Frederick the Fair of the
House of Habsburg is elected by four of the electors and is crowned at
Bonn Minster on
November 25; however, in a dispute over validity of the election,
Louis IV the Bavarian of the
House of Wittelsbach is elected the following day by the remaining three electors and is crowned at
Aachen, leading to civil war in the Empire. •
November 29 –
Louis X ("Louis the Quarrelsome") becomes
King of France after his father, King Philip IV, is killed in a hunting accident at
Fontainebleau. •
December 3 – The state funeral and burial of King Philip IV takes place at the
Basilica of Saint-Denis near
Paris. •
December 9 –
Brandenburg–Pomeranian conflict: In Germany, the
Margraviate of Brandenburg renounces all claims to the region around
Loitz (in the modern-day northeast German state of
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) to the
Principality of Rügen in Denmark in return for payment.
Undated •
Stephen II becomes ruler (
ban) of
Bosnia following the death of his father
Stephen I Kotromanić. He rules the lands from the river
Sava to the
Adriatic Sea, but does not effectively come into full power until
1322. •
Amda Seyon I, known as "the Pillar of Zion" begins his reign as
Emperor of Ethiopia, during which he expands into Muslim territory to the southeast by incorporating a number of smaller states.
By topic Religion • The
Ozbek Han Mosque is built in the realm of
Özbeg Khan in the
Crimea. • Completion of
Old St Paul's Cathedral in London.
Natural environment • Approximate date – Volcanic eruption of
Mount Tarawera in
New Zealand; there are few settlers here at this time. == Births ==