Background The Second Avenue Line was originally proposed in 1919 as part of a
massive expansion of what would become the
Independent Subway System (IND). Work on the line never commenced, as the
Great Depression of 1929 crushed the economy. Numerous
plans for the Second Avenue Subway appeared throughout the 20th century, but these were usually deferred due to lack of funds. In anticipation of the never-built new subway line, the
Second and
Third Avenue elevated lines were demolished in 1942 and 1955, respectively. The Second Avenue Elevated had one station at
92nd Street and another at
99th Street, and the Third Avenue Elevated had a stop on nearby Third Avenue at
99th Street.
Unrealized proposals As part of the
New York City Transit Authority's 1968
Program for Action, the construction of the full-length
Second Avenue Subway was proposed. It was to be built in two phases—the first phase from 126th to 34th Streets, the second phase from 34th to Whitehall Streets. The line's planned stops in Manhattan, spaced farther apart than those on existing subway lines, proved controversial; the Second Avenue line was criticized as a "rich man's express, circumventing the
Lower East Side with its complexes of high-rise low- and middle-income housing and slums in favor of a silk stocking route." was added in October 1970, the 96th Street station was still not in the official plans, despite the proximity of the
Metropolitan Hospital Center to the proposed station. All Second Avenue Subway stations built under the Program for Action would have included escalators, high intensity lighting, improved audio systems, platform edge strips, and non-slip floors to accommodate the needs of the elderly and people with disabilities, but no elevators. Space at each station would have been used for ancillary facilities. The stations were to be made with brick walls and
pavers alongside stainless steel, and would have relatively small dimensions, with mezzanine ceilings. Damaz & Weigel received a contract for the design of the 96th Street station. A combination of Federal and State funding was obtained, and despite the controversy over the number of stops and route, a groundbreaking ceremony was held on October 27, 1972, at Second Avenue and 103rd Street. Construction began shortly thereafter on what was to be the 99th–105th Streets segment, which was projected to cost $17.48 million (worth about $ today). However, the city soon experienced its most dire
fiscal crisis yet, due to the stagnant economy of the early 1970s, combined with the
massive outflow of city residents to the suburbs, and in September 1975 construction on the line stopped, and the tunnels were sealed. Over the next few decades, the MTA regularly inspected and maintained the tunnel segments (spending $20,000 a year by the early 1990s), to maintain the structural integrity of the streets above, and in case construction would ever resume. Trespassers would often camp in the tunnels until the MTA increased security. In 1999, the
Regional Plan Association considered
a full-length Second Avenue Subway, which include 96th Street as one of its planned 31 stations. The station would serve the Metropolitan Hospital at 97th Street and the then-new high-rise buildings south of 96th Street.
Construction In March 2007, plans for the
construction of the Second Avenue Subway were revived. included three stations in total (at 72nd, 86th, and 96th Streets), which collectively cost $4.45 to $4.5 billion. Its construction site was designated as being from 105th Street and Second Avenue to 63rd Street and Third Avenue. The MTA awarded a $337 million contract—one that included constructing the tunnels between 92nd and 63rd Streets, building a launch box for the
tunnel boring machine (TBM) at 92nd to 95th Streets, and erecting access shafts at 69th and 72nd Streets—to Schiavone Construction,
Skanska USA Civil, and J.F. Shea Construction. The line's construction commenced on April 15, 2007, In April 2007, the second round of planning for the station was finalized. A ceremonial ground-breaking for the Second Avenue Subway was held on April 12, 2007, three blocks north of the station. The contractor prepared the initial construction site at 96th Street on April 23, 2007. A TBM was originally expected to arrive six to eight months after construction began, but the utility relocation and excavation required to create its "launch box" delayed its deployment from 96th Street down to 63rd Street until May 2010. The station itself could not be bored because of the soft soil there. Instead,
slurry or
diaphragm walls, wide and long and about deep, were built alongside the sections between East 93rd and 95th Streets. Between East 91st and 93rd Streets, where the rock becomes shallower,
secant piles did the same work at shallower depths. By the beginning of 2012, the slurry wall for the station site was being taken down. On June 25, 2012, a $324.6 million contract was awarded to E.E. Cruz and Company and Tully Construction Company for the station's plumbing, electricity, ancillaries, and entrances. In March 2013, the bulkhead separating the new construction from the 1970s-era tunnel at 99th Street was completed. On March 19, 2013, a construction worker got stuck in waist-deep muck at the station site; he was extricated after four hours of rescue efforts, but nearly died after the incident. In mid-2013, work had resumed in the tunnel segment between 99th Street and 105th Street, involving the addition of track and signals, mechanical and plumbing equipment, and upgrading the tunnels to meet modern fire code standards. , the station was 65% excavated. Rails for the line had arrived and were being stored in the station cavern; about one-third of the rails for the line had arrived by then, enough for tracks to be laid from 105th to 87th Streets. By spring 2014, the mezzanine was completed, and roof slabs were being installed; tracks and signal brackets were also installed north of the station. By April 2015, the station was 67% complete, and by April 2016, the station was 91% complete. The station was scheduled to be completed by June 2016, but this was later pushed back to fall 2016. On December 22 and 23, as part of an open house hosted by the MTA, the public was invited to tour the 96th Street station before it opened, to generally positive acclaim. The station opened on January 1, 2017.
Phase Two Phase 2, which does not have a set timetable for construction, is planned to extend service from 96th Street to
Harlem–125th Street. During Phase 2, both East Harlem segments, between 99th Street and 105th Street, and between 110th Street and 120th Street will be connected, modified, and used for normal train service. In 2007, the MTA reported that the segments were in pristine condition. Under the approved plan, the MTA estimates to complete Phase 2 between 2027 and 2029, by which the Q and rush-hour N trains will be extended to Harlem–125th Street. ==Station layout==