MarketList of computing and IT abbreviations
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List of computing and IT abbreviations

This is a list of computing and IT acronyms, initialisms and abbreviations.

0–9
0-day—Zero-day vulnerability • 1GL—First-generation programming language • 1NF—First normal form • 10B2—10BASE-2 • 10B5—10BASE-5 • 10B-F—10BASE-F • 10B-FB—10BASE-FB • 10B-FL—10BASE-FL • 10B-FP—10BASE-FP • 10B-T—10BASE-T • 100B-FX—100BASE-FX • 100B-TX—100BASE-TX • 100BVG—100BASE-VG • 286—Intel 80286 processor • 2B1Q—2 binary 1 quaternary • 2FA—Two-factor authentication • 2GL—Second-generation programming language • 2NF—Second normal form • 3DES—Triple Data Encryption Standard • 3GL—Third-generation programming language • 3GPP—3rd Generation Partnership Project – 3G comms • 3GPP2—3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 • 3NF—Third normal form • 386—Intel 80386 processor • 486—Intel 80486 processor • 4B5BLF—4-bit 5-bit local fiber • 4GL—Fourth-generation programming language • 4NF—Fourth normal form • 5GL—Fifth-generation programming language • 5NF—Fifth normal form • 6NF—Sixth normal form • 8B10BLF—8-bit 10-bit local fiber • 802.11—wireless LAN • 8D—Eight disciplines problem solving == A ==
A
A11Y—Accessibility • AAA—Authentication, authorization, and accounting • AABB—Axis-aligned bounding box • AAC—Advanced Audio Coding • AAL—ATM Adaptation Layer • AALC—ATM Adaptation Layer Connection • AARP—AppleTalk Address Resolution Protocol • ABAC—Attribute-Based Access Control • ABCL—Actor-Based Concurrent Language • ABI—Application Binary Interface • ABM—Asynchronous Balanced Mode • ABR—Area Border Router • ABR—Auto Baud-Rate detection • ABR—Available Bitrate • ABR—Average Bitrate • ABR—Adaptive Bitrate (Streaming) • AC—Acoustic Coupler • AC—Alternating Current • AC—Authorization certificate • ACD—Automatic Call Distributor • ACE—Advanced Computing Environment • ACID—Atomicity Consistency Isolation Durability • ACK—Acknowledgement • ACK—Amsterdam Compiler Kit • ACL—Access Control List • ACL—Active Current Loop • ACM—Association for Computing Machinery • ACME—Automated Classification of Medical Entities • ACP—Airline Control Program • ACPI—Advanced Configuration and Power Interface • ACR—Allowed Cell Rate • ACR—Attenuation to Crosstalk Ratio • AD—Active Directory • AD—Administrative Domain • ADC—Analog-to-Digital Converter • ADC—Apple Display Connector • ADB—Apple Desktop Bus • ADCCP—Advanced Data Communications Control Procedures • ACE—Advanced Computing Environment • ADDS—Applied Digital Data Systems • ADO—ActiveX Data Objects • ADSL—Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line • ADT—Abstract Data Type • AE—Adaptive Equalizer • AE—Authenticated encryption • AEAD—Authenticated encryption with associated data • AES—Advanced Encryption Standard • AF—Anisotropic Filtering • AFIPS—American Federation of Information Processing Societies • AFP—Apple Filing Protocol • AGI—Artificial General Intelligence • AGP—Accelerated Graphics Port • AH—Active Hub • AH—Authentication Header • AHCI—Advanced Host Controller Interface • AI—Artificial Intelligence • AIS—Automated Indicator Sharing • AIX—Advanced Interactive eXecutive • Ajax—Asynchronous JavaScript and XML • AL—Active Link • AL—Access List • ALAC—Apple Lossless Audio Codec • ALE—Annualized loss expectancy • ALGOL—Algorithmic Language • ALSA—Advanced Linux Sound Architecture • ALU—Arithmetic and Logical Unit • AM—Access Method • AM—Active Matrix • AMOLED—Active-Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode • AMQP—Advanced Message Queuing Protocol • AM—Active Monitor • AM—Allied Mastercomputer • AM—Amplitude Modulation • AMD—Advanced Micro Devices • AMI—Amazon Machine Image • AMQP—Advanced Message Queuing Protocol • AMR—Audio Modem Riser • ANN—Artificial Neural Network • ANSI—American National Standards Institute • ANT—Another Neat Tool • AoE—ATA over Ethernet • AOP—Aspect-Oriented Programming • AOT—Ahead-Of-Time • AP—Access point • APCI—Application-Layer Protocol Control Information • APFS—Apple File System • API—Application Programming Interface • APIC—Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller • APIPA—Automatic Private IP Addressing • APL—A Programming Language • APR—Apache Portable Runtime • APT—Advanced persistent threat • ARC—Adaptive Replacement Cache • ARC—Advanced RISC Computing • ARIN—American Registry for Internet Numbers • ARIS—Architecture of Integrated Information Systems • ARM—Advanced RISC Machines • ARO—Annualized rate of occurrence • AROS—AROS Research Operating System • ARP—Address Resolution Protocol • ARPA—Address and Routing Parameter Area • ARPA—Advanced Research Projects Agency • ARPANET—Advanced Research Projects Agency Network • ART—Android Runtime • AS—Access Server • ASCII—American Standard Code for Information Interchange • ASG—Abstract Semantic Graph • ASK—Amplitude-shift keying • ASIC—Application-Specific Integrated Circuit • ASIMO—Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility • ASLR—Address Space Layout Randomization • ASM—Algorithmic State Machine • ASMP—Asymmetric Multiprocessing • ASN.1—Abstract Syntax Notation 1 • ASP—Active Server Pages • ASP—Application Service Provider • ASR—Asynchronous Signal Routine • AST—Abstract Syntax Tree • AT—Advanced Technology • AT—Access Time • AT—Active Terminator • ATA—Advanced Technology Attachment • ATAG—Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines • ATAPI—Advanced Technology Attachment Packet Interface • ATM—Asynchronous Transfer Mode • ATT&CK—Adversarial Tactics, Techniques, and Common Knowledge • AUP—Acceptable use policy • AuthIP—Authenticated Internet Protocol • AuthN—Authentication • AuthZ—Authorization • AV—Antivirus software • AVC—Advanced Video Coding • AVI—Audio Video Interleaved • AWK—Aho Weinberger Kernighan • AWS—Amazon Web Services • AWT—Abstract Window Toolkit == B ==
B
B2B—Business-to-Business • B2C—Business-to-Consumer • B2E—Business-to-Employee • BaaS—Backend as a service • BaaS—Banking as a service • BaaS—Blockchain as a service • BAL—Basic Assembly Language • BAM—Block Availability Map • BAN—Body area network • BAS—Building automation systems • Bash—Bourne-again shell • BASIC—Beginner's All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code • BBP—Baseband ProcessorCo • BBS—Bulletin Board System • BC—Business Continuity • BCC—Blind Carbon Copy • BCD—Binary Coded Decimal • BCD—Boot Configuration Data • BCNF—Boyce–Codd normal form • BCP—Best Current Practice • BCP—Business continuity planning • BCS—British Computer Society • BE—Backend • BEEP—Blocks Extensible Exchange Protocol • BER—Basic Encoding Rules • BER—Bit Error Rate • BFD—Bidirectional Forwarding Detection • BFD—Binary File Descriptor • BFS—Breadth-First Search • BFT—Byzantine Fault Tolerant • BGP—Border Gateway Protocol • BI—Business Intelligence • BIA—Business impact analysis • BiDi—Bi-Directional • bin—binary • BINAC—Binary Automatic Computer • BIND—Berkeley Internet Name Domain • BIOS—Basic Input Output System • BJT—Bipolar Junction Transistor • bit—binary digit • BLISS—Bimodal Lattice Signature Scheme • Blob—Binary large object • Blog—Web Log • BMP—Basic Multilingual Plane • BNC—Baby Neill Constant • BOINC—Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing • BOM—Byte Order Mark • BOOTP—Bootstrap Protocol • BPA—Oracle Business Process Analysis (BPA) Suite • BPDU—Bridge Protocol Data Units • BPEL—Business Process Execution Language • BPL—Broadband over Power Lines • BPM—Business Process Management • BPM—Business Process Modeling • bps—bits per second • BRM—Business Reference Model • BRMS—Business Rule Management System • BRR—Business Readiness Rating • BRS—Broadband Radio Service • BSA—Business Software Alliance • BSB—Backside Bus • BSD—Berkeley Software Distribution • BSoD—Blue Screen of Death • BSS—Block Started by Symbol • BT—BitTorrent • BT—Bluetooth • B TAM—Basic Telecommunications Access Method • BURS—Bottom-up rewrite system • BW—Bandwidth • BYOD—Bring Your Own Device • Byte—By eight (group of 8 bits) == C ==
C
CA—Certificate authority • CA—Computer Associates International, Inc. • CaaS—Content as a service • CAD—Computer-aided design • CAE—Computer-aided engineering • CAID—Computer-aided industrial design • CAI—Computer-aided instruction • CAM—Computer-aided manufacturing • CAN—Campus network • CAP—Consistency availability partition tolerance (theorem) • CAPA—Corrective and preventive actiont • CAPI—Cryptographic Application Programming Interface • CAPTCHA—Completely automated public Turing test to tell computers and humans apart • CAQ—Computer-aided quality assurance • CASB—Cloud access security broker • CASE—Computer-aided software engineering • CAT—Computer-aided translation • Cat—Category rating • CBC—Cipher block chaining • CBC-MAC—Cipher block chaining message authentication code • CBPRNG—Counter-based pseudo-random number generator • CBRNG—Counter-based random number generator • cc—C compiler • CC—Carbon copy • CC—Creative Commons • CCE—Common Configuration Enumeration • CCM—Central control module • CCM—Cloud Controls Matrix • CCM—Combined Cipher Machine • CCMP—CCM mode Protocol • CCTV—Closed-circuit television • CCX—Cisco Compatible eXtensions • CD—Compact Disc • CDE—Common Desktop Environment • CDMA—Code-division multiple access • CDN—Content delivery network • CDP—Cisco Discovery Protocol • CDP—Continuous data protection • CD-R—CD-Recordable • CD-ROM—CD Read-Only Memory • CD-RW—CD-Rewritable • CDSA—Common Data Security Architecture • CEI—Comparably efficient interconnection • CER—Canonical Encoding Rules • CERT—Computer emergency response team • CES—Consumer Electronics Show • CF—Compact Flash • CFB—Cipher feedback • CFD—Computational fluid dynamics • CFF—Compact Font Format • CFG—Context-free grammar • CFG—Control-flow graph • CG—Computer graphics • CGA—Color graphics array • CGI—Common Gateway Interface • CGI—Computer-generated imagery • CGT—Computational Graph Theory • CHAP—Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol • CHRP—Common Hardware Reference Platform • CHS—Cylinder–head–sector • CI/CD—Continuous integration (CI) and continuous delivery (CD) • CICS—Customer Information Control System • CIDR—Classless inter-domain routing • CIFS—Common Internet Filesystem • CIM—Common Information Model • CIO—Chief information officer • CIP—Critical infrastructure protection • CIR—Committed information rate • CIS—Center for Internet Security • CIS—Centre for Internet and Society (India) • CIS—Computer and information science • CIS—Comodo Internet Security • CIS—Contact image sensor • CIS—Continuous ink system • CISA—Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency • CISC—Complex-instruction-set computer • CISO—Chief information security officer • CIT—Center for Information Technology • CIT—Computer Information Technology • CJK—Chinese, Japanese, and Korean • CJKV—Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese • CLI—Command line interface • CLR—Common Language Runtime • CM—Configuration management • CM—Content management • CMDB—Configuration management database • CMM—Capability Maturity Model • CMMI—Capability Maturity Model Integration • CMOS—Complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor • CMS—Content management system • CN—Canonical Name • CN—Common Name • CNC—Computerized numerical control • CNG—Cryptographic Next Generation • CNR—Communications and Networking Riser • CNRI—Corporation for National Research Initiatives • Coax—Coaxial cabling • COBOL—Common Business-Oriented Language • COM—Component Object Model or communication • ConfigMgr—Microsoft Configuration Manager • COOP—Continuity of Operations • COPE—Corporate-owned, personally enabled • CORBA—Common Object Request Broker Architecture • CORS—Cross-origin resource sharing • COTS—Commercial off-the-shelf • CPA—Cell processor architecture • CPAN—Comprehensive Perl Archive Network • CP/CMS—Control Program/Cambridge Monitor System • CPF—Control Program Facility • CP/M—Control Program/Monitor • CPRI—Common Public Radio Interface • CPS—Characters per second • CPU—Central processing unit • CQS—Command–query separation • CQRS—Command Query Responsibility Segregation • CR—Carriage return • CRAN—Comprehensive R Archive Network • CRC—Cyclic redundancy check • CRL—Certificate revocation list • CRLF—Carriage return line feed • CRM—Customer Relationship Management • CRS—Computer Reservations System • CRT—Cathode-ray tube • CRUD—Create, read, update, and delete • CS—Cable Select • CS—Computer science • CSA—Cloud Security Alliance • CSE—Computer science and engineering • CSF—Cybersecurity Framework • CSi—CompuServe • CSI—Common System Interface • CSM—Compatibility support module • CSMA/CD—Carrier-sense multiple access with collision detection • CSO—Chief security officer • CSP—Cloud service provider • CSP—Communicating sequential processes • CSP—Cryptographic Service Provider • CSPRNG—Cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator • CSR—Certificate signing request • CSRF—Cross-site request forgery • CSS—Cascading style sheets • CSS—Content-scrambling system • CSS—Closed-source software • CSU—Channel service unit • CSV—Comma-separated values • CT—Computerized tomography • cTAKES—clinical Text Analysis and Knowledge Extraction System • CTAN—Comprehensive TeX Archive Network • CTCP—Client-to-client protocol • CTI—Computer telephony integration • CTFE—Compile-time function execution • CTL—Computation tree logic • CTM—Close To Metal • CTR—Counter mode • CTS—Clear to send • CTSS—Compatible Time-Sharing System • CUA—Common User Access • C-V2X—Cellular V2XCVC—Card Verifiable Certificate • CVE—Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures • CVS—Concurrent Versions System • CVSS—Common Vulnerability Scoring System • CX—Customer experience == D ==
D
DAC—Digital-to-analog converter • DAC—Discretionary access control • DAL—Database Abstraction Layer • DAO—Data Access Object • DAO—Data Access Objects • DAO—Disk-At-Once • DAP—Directory Access Protocol • DARPA—Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency • DAS—Direct Attached Storage • DAT—Digital Audio Tape • DB—Database • DSKT—DesktopDRM • DBA—Database AdministratorDV • DBCS—Double Byte Character Set • DBMS—Database Management System • DCC—Direct Client-to-Client • DCCP—Datagram Congestion Control Protocol • DCCA—Debian Common Core Alliance • DCL—Data Control Language • DCS—Distributed Control System • DCMI—Dublin Core Metadata Initiative • DCOM—Distributed Component Object Model • DD—Double Density • DDE—Dynamic Data Exchange • DDL—Data Definition Language • DDoS—Distributed Denial of Service • DE—Desktop environment • DDR—Double Data Rate • DEC—Digital Equipment Corporation • DEP—Data Execution Prevention • DER—Distinguished Encoding Rules • DES—Data Encryption Standard • dev—development • DFA—Deterministic Finite Automaton • DFD—Data Flow Diagram • DFS—Depth-First Search • DFS—Distributed File System • DGD—Dworkin's Game Driver • DH—Diffie–Hellman • DHCP—Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol • DHTML—Dynamic Hypertext Markup Language • DIF—Data Integrity Field • DIMM—Dual Inline Memory Module • DIN—Deutsches Institut für Normung • DIP—Dual In-line Package • DIP—Dependency inversion principle (in the context of SOLID principles) • DISM—Deployment Image and Service Management Tool • DIVX—Digital Video Express • DKIM—DomainKeys Identified Mail • DL—Download • DLL—Dynamic-link library • DLNA—Digital Living Network Alliance • DLP—Data loss prevention • DMA—Direct Memory Access • DMARC—Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting and Conformance • DMCA—Digital Millennium Copyright Act • DMI—Direct Media Interface • DML—Data Manipulation Language • DML—Definitive Media Library • DMR—Dennis M. Ritchie • DMZ—Demilitarized Zone • DN—Distinguished Name • DNAT—Destination network address translation • DND—Drag-and-Drop • DNP3—Distributed Network Protocol 3 • DNS—Domain Name System • DNSBL—Domain Name System blocklist • DNSSEC—Domain Name System Security Extensions • DOA—Dead on Arrival • DOCSIS—Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification • DoH—DNS over HTTPS • DOM—Document Object Model • DORA—Discover, Offer, Request, Acknowledge • DoS—Denial of Service • DOS—Disk Operating System • DoT—DNS over TLS • DP—Dot Pitch • DPC—Deferred Procedure Call • DPI—Deep packet inspection • DPI—Dots per inch • DPMI—DOS Protected Mode Interface • DPMS—Display Power Management Signaling • DPO—Data Protection Officer or Data Privacy Officer • DR—Disaster Recovery • DRAM—Dynamic Random-Access Memory • DRBG—Deterministic random bit generator • DR-DOS—Digital Research – Disk Operating System • DRI—Direct Rendering Infrastructure • DRM—Digital rights management • DRM—Direct rendering manager • DROWNDecrypting RSA with Obsolete and Weakened eNcryption • DRP—Disaster recovery plan • DSA—Digital Signature Algorithm • DSCP—Differentiated services code point • DSDL—Document Schema Definition Languages • DSDM—Dynamic Systems Development Method • DSL—Digital Subscriber Line • DSL—Domain-Specific Language • DSLAM—Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer • DSN—Database Source Name • DSN—Data Set Name • DSP—Digital Signal Processor • DSRC—Dedicated short-range communications • DSS—Digital Signature Standard • DSSS—Direct-sequence spread spectrum • DSSSL—Document Style Semantics and Specification Language • DTD—Document Type Definition • DTE—Data Terminal Equipment or data transfer rate • DTLS—Datagram Transport Layer Security • DTO—Data Transfer Object • DTP—Desktop Publishing • DTR—Data Terminal Ready or Data transfer rate • DTSTTCPW—"do the simplest thing that could possibly work" • Dual_EC_DRBG—Dual Elliptic Curve Deterministic Random Bit Generator • DV—Domain-validated certificate • DVD—Digital Versatile Disc or Digital Video Disc • DVD-R—DVD-Recordable • DVD-ROM—DVD-Read-Only Memory • DVD-RW—DVD-Rewritable • DVI—Digital Visual Interface • DVR—Digital Video Recorder • DW—Data Warehouse • DXVA—DirectX Video Acceleration == E ==
E
EAAF—Enterprise Architecture Assessment Framework • EAI—Enterprise Application Integration • EAP—Extensible Authentication Protocol • EAP-AKA—EAP Authentication and Key Agreement • EAP-AKA'—EAP Authentication and Key Agreement prime • EAP-EKE—EAP Encrypted Key Exchange • EAP-FAST—EAP Flexible Authentication via Secure Tunneling • EAP-GTC—EAP Generic Token Card • EAP-IKEv2—EAP Internet Key Exchange v. 2 • EAP-MD5—EAP Message Digest 5 • EAP-NOOB—Nimble out-of-band authentication for EAP • EAP-POTP—EAP Protected One-Time Password • EAP-PSK—EAP Pre-Shared Key • EAP-PWD—EAP Password • EAP-SIM—EAP Subscriber Identity Module • EAP-TLS—EAP Transport Layer Security • EAP-TTLS—EAP Tunneled Transport Layer Security • EAS—Exchange ActiveSync • EBCDIC—Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code • EBML—Extensible Binary Meta Language • EBS—Elastic Block Store • ebXML—Electronic Business using eXtensible Markup Language • EC2—Elastic Compute Cloud • ECB—Electronic codebook • ECC—Elliptic-curve cryptography • ECDH—Elliptic-curve Diffie–Hellman • ECDHE—Elliptic-curve Diffie–Hellman Ephemeral • ECDSA—Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm • ECMA—European Computer Manufacturers Association • ECN—Explicit Congestion Notification • ECOS—Embedded Configurable Operating System • ECRS—Expense and Cost Recovery System • ECS—Entity-Component-System • ECU—Electronic control unit • EDA—Electronic Design Automation • EDGE—Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution • EDI—Electronic Data Interchange • EDO—Extended Data Out • EDR—Endpoint detection and response • EDSAC—Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator • EDVAC—Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer • EEPROM—Electronically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory • EF—Exposure factor • EFF—Electronic Frontier Foundation • EFI—Extensible Firmware Interface • EFM—Eight-to-Fourteen Modulation • EFM—Ethernet in the first mile • EFS—Encrypting File System • EGA—Enhanced Graphics Array • E-mail—Electronic mail • EGP—Exterior Gateway Protocol • eID—electronic ID card • EIDE—Enhanced IDE • EIGRP—Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol • EISA—Extended Industry Standard Architecture • EJBCA—Enterprise JavaBeans Certificate Authority • EKE—Encrypted key exchange • ELF—Extremely Low Frequency • ELF—Executable and Linkable Format • ELM—ELectronic Mail • EMACS—Editor MACroS • EMCC—Eckert–Mauchly Computer Corporation • EMI—Electromagnetic interference • EMM—Enterprise mobility management • EMS—Expanded Memory Specification • ENIAC—Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer • EOF—End of File • EOL—End of Life • EOL—End of Line • EOM—End of Message • EOS—End of Support • EPC—Electronic Product Code • EPC—Evolved Packet Core • EPIC—Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing • EPP—Endpoint protection platform • EPROM—Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory • ERD—Entity–Relationship Diagram • ERGS—Electronic Route Guidance System • ERM—Entity–Relationship Model • ERP—Enterprise Resource Planning • eSATA—external SATAESB—Enterprise service bus • ESCON—Enterprise Systems Connection • ESD—Electrostatic Discharge • ESI—Electronically Stored Information • ESN—Electronic serial number • ESP—Encapsulating Security Payload • ESR—Eric Steven Raymond • ESS—Extended service set • ETDR—Endpoint threat detection and response • ETL—Extract, Transform, Load • EtM—Encrypt-then-MAC • E&M—Encrypt-and-MAC • ETW—Event Tracing for Windows • EUC—Extended Unix Code • EULA—End User License Agreement • EWMH—Extended Window Manager Hints • EXT—EXTended file system • ETA—Estimated Time of Arrival • EV—Extended Validation Certificate == F ==
F
FAP—FORTRAN Assembly Program • FASM—Flat ASseMbler • FAST—Flexible Authentication via Secure Tunneling • FAT—File Allocation Table • FAQ—Frequently Asked Questions • FBDIMM—Fully Buffered Dual Inline Memory Module • FC-AL—Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop • FCB—File Control Block • FCS—Frame Check Sequence • FDC—Floppy-Disk Controller • FDD—Frequency-Division Duplexing • FDD—Floppy Disk Drive • FDE—Full disk encryption • FDDI—Fiber Distributed Data Interface • FDM—Frequency-Division Multiplexing • FDMA—Frequency-Division Multiple Access • FDS—Fedora Directory Server • FE—Frontend • FEC—Forward Error Correction • FEMB—Front-End Motherboard • FET—Field Effect Transistor • FEXT—Far-end crosstalk • FHS—Filesystem Hierarchy Standard • FHSS—Frequency-hopping spread spectrum • FICON—FIber CONnectivity • FIFO—First In First Out • FIM—File integrity monitoring • FIPS—Federal Information Processing Standards • FIRST—Forum of Incident Response and Security Teams • FISMA—Federal Information Security Management Act of 2002 • FL—Function Level • FLAC—Free Lossless Audio Codec • FLOPS—FLoating-Point Operations Per Second • FLOSS—Free/Libre/Open-Source Software • FMC—Fixed Mobile Convergence "Mobile UC or Unified Communications over Wireless" • FNV—Fowler–Noll–Vo • FOLDOC—Free On-line Dictionary of Computing • FORTRAN—Formula Translation • FOSDEM—Free and Open-source Software Developers' European Meeting • FOSI—Formatted Output Specification Instance • FOSS—Free and Open-Source Software • FP—Function Programming • FP—Functional Programming • FPGA—Field-programmable gate array • FPS—Floating Point Systems • FPU—Floating-Point Unit • FRR—False Rejection Rate • FRU—Field-Replaceable Unit • FS—File System • FS—Forward secrecy • FSB—Front-Side Bus • fsck—File System Check • FSF—Free Software Foundation • FSM—Finite State Machine • FTP—File Transfer Protocol • FTPS—FTP-SSL or FTP Secure • FTTC—Fiber To The Curb • FTTH—Fiber To The Home • FTTP—Fiber To The Premises • FQDN—Fully Qualified Domain Name • FUD—Fear Uncertainty Doubt • FWS—Folding White Space • FXP—File eXchange Protocol • FYI—For Your Information == G ==
G
G11N—Globalization • GADS—Gateway Algorithms and Data Structures • Gas—GNU Assembler • Gb—Gigabit • GB—Gigabyte • Gbps—Gigabits per second • GC—Garbage collection • GCC—GNU Compiler Collection • GCJ—GNU Compiler for Java • GCM—Galois/Counter Mode • GCP—Google Cloud Platform • GCR—Group Coded Recording • GDB—GNU Debugger • GDI—Graphics Device Interface • GDPR—General Data Protection Regulation • GEM—Graphics Environment Manager • GFDL—GNU Free Documentation License • GIF—Graphics Interchange Format • GIGO—Garbage In, Garbage Out • GIMP—GNU Image Manipulation Program • GIMPS—Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search • GIS—Geographic Information System • GLUT—OpenGL Utility Toolkit • GML—Geography Markup Language • GNOME—GNU Network Object Model Environment • GNU—GNU's Not Unix • GnuPG or GNU—GNU Privacy Guard • GnuTLS—GNU Transport Layer Security • GOMS—Goals, Operators, Methods, and Selection rules • GPASM—GNU PIC ASseMbler • GPFS—General Parallel File System • GPG—GNU Privacy Guard • GPGPU—General-Purpose Computing on Graphics Processing Units • GPIB—General-Purpose Instrumentation Bus • GPL—General Public License • GPL—General-Purpose Language • GPO—Group Policy Object • GPRS—General Packet Radio Service • GPT—GUID Partition Table • GPU—Graphics Processing Unit • GRASP—General Responsibility Assignment Software Patterns • GRE—Generic routing encapsulation • GRUB—Grand Unified Boot-Loader • GERAN—GSM EDGE Radio Access Network • GSM—Global System for Mobile Communications • GTC—Generic Token Card • GTK/GTK+—GIMP Toolkit • GUI—Graphical user interface • GUID—Globally Unique IDentifier • GWT—Google Web Toolkit == H ==
H
HA—High availability • HAL—Hardware Abstraction Layer • HAN—Home network • HASP—Houston Automatic Spooling Priority • HBA—Host Bus Adapter • HCI—Human—Computer Interaction • HD—High Density • HDD—Hard Disk Drive • HCL—Hardware Compatibility List • HD DVD—High Definition DVD • HDL—Hardware Description Language • HDMI—High-Definition Multimedia Interface • HECI—Host Embedded Controller Interface • HF—High Frequency • HFS—Hierarchical File System • HHD—Hybrid Hard Drive • HID—Human Interface Device • HIDS—Host-based intrusion detection system • HIG—Human Interface Guidelines • HIPS—Host-based intrusion prevention system • HIRD—Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth • HLASM—High Level ASseMbler • HLR—Home location register • HLS—HTTP Live Streaming • HMA—High Memory Area • HMAC—Hash-based message authentication code • HMI—Human–machine interface • HOTP—HMAC-based one-time password • HP—Hewlett-Packard • HPC—High-Performance Computing • HPFS—High Performance File System • HSDPA—High-Speed Downlink Packet Access • HTC—High-Throughput Computing • HSM—Hardware security module • HSM—Hierarchical storage management • HT—Hyper Threading • HTM—Hierarchical Temporal Memory • HTML—Hypertext Markup Language • HTTP—Hypertext Transfer Protocol • HTTPd—Hypertext Transport Protocol Daemon • HTTPS—HTTP Secure • HTX—HyperTransport eXpansion • HURD—Hird of Unix-Replacing Daemons • HVD—Holographic Versatile Disc • Hz—Hertz == I ==
I
I²C—Inter-Integrated Circuit • I²S—Integrated Interchip Sound • I18N—Internationalization • IaaS—Infrastructure as a Service • IAB—Internet Architecture Board • IaC—Infrastructure as Code • IAM—Identity and access management • IANA—Internet Assigned Numbers Authority • iBCS—Intel Binary Compatibility Standard • IBM—International Business Machines • IBSS—Independent basic service set • IC—Integrated Circuit • ICANN—Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers • ICE—In-Circuit Emulator • ICE—Intrusion Countermeasure Electronics • ICH—I/O Controller Hub • ICL—International Computers Limited • ICMP—Internet Control Message Protocol • ICP—Internet Cache Protocol • ICS—Industrial control system • ICS—Internet Connection Sharing • ICT—Information and Communication Technology • IDE—Integrated Development Environment • IDE—Integrated Drive Electronics • IDEA—International Data Encryption Algorithm • IDF—Intermediate Data Format • IDF—Intermediate Distribution Frame • IDL—Interactive Data Language • IDL—Interface Definition Language • IDN—Internationalized domain name • IdP—Identity provider (cybersecurity) • IDPS—Intrusion detection and prevention system • IDS—Intrusion Detection System • IE—Internet Explorer • IEC—International Electrotechnical Commission • IED—Intelligent electronic device • IEEE—Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers • IEN—Internet Experiment Note • IETF—Internet Engineering Task Force • IFL—Integrated Facility for Linux • IGMP—Internet Group Management Protocol • IGRP—Interior Gateway Routing Protocol • IHV—Independent Hardware Vendor • IIOP—Internet Inter-Orb Protocol • IIoT—Industrial internet of things • IIS—Internet Information Services • IKE—Internet Key Exchange • IL—Intermediate Language • IM—Instant Message or Instant Messaging • IMAP—Internet Message Access Protocol • IME—Input Method Editor • INN—InterNetNews • INFOSEC—Information Systems Security • I/O—Input/output • IoT—Internet of things • IoC—Indicator of compromise • IoC—Inversion of control • IP—Intellectual Property • IP—Internet Protocol • IPAM—IP Address Management • IPC—Inter-Process Communication • IPL—Initial Program Load • IPMI—Intelligent Platform Management Interface • IPO—Inter Procedural Optimization • IPP—Internet Printing Protocol • IPS—In-Plane Switching • IPS—Instructions Per Second • IPS—Intrusion Prevention System • IPSJ—Information Processing Society of Japan • IPsec—Internet Protocol Security • IPTV—Internet Protocol Television • IPv4—Internet Protocol version 4 • IPv6—Internet Protocol version 6 • IPX—Internetwork Packet Exchange • IR—Intermediate representation • IRC—Internet Relay Chat • IrDA—Infrared Data Association • IRE—Institute of Radio Engineers • IRI—Internationalized Resource Identifier • IRP—I/O Request Packet • IRQ—Interrupt Request • IRT—Incident response team • IS—Information Systems • IS-IS—Intermediate System to Intermediate System • ISA—Industry Standard Architecture • ISA—Instruction Set Architecture • ISAC—Information Sharing and Analysis Center • ISAKMP—Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol • ISAM—Indexed Sequential Access Method • ISAP—Information Security Automation Program • ISATAP—Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol • ISC—Internet Storm Center • iSCSI—Internet Small Computer System Interface • ISDN—Integrated Services Digital Network • ISO—International Organization for Standardization • ISOC—Information security operations center • ISOC—Internet Society • iSNS—Internet Storage Name Service • ISP—Internet Service Provider • ISP—Interface segregation principle (in the context of SOLID principles) • ISPF—Interactive System Productivity Facility • ISR—Interrupt Service Routine • ISRG—Internet Security Research Group • ISSA—Information Systems Security Association • ISV—Independent Software Vendor • IT—Information Technology • ITIL—Information Technology Infrastructure Library • ITL—Interval Temporal Logic • ITS—Intelligent transportation system • ITU—International Telecommunication Union • ITU-T—International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization Sector • IV—Initialization vector • IVR(S)—Interactive Voice Response (System) == J ==
J
J2EE—Java 2 Enterprise Edition • J2ME—Java 2 Micro Edition • J2SE—Java 2 Standard Edition • JAAS—Java Authentication and Authorization Service • JATS—Journal Article Tag Suite • JAXB—Java Architecture for XML Binding • JAX-RPC—Jakarta XML (formerly Java XML) for Remote Procedure Calls • JAXP—Java API for XML Processing • JBOD—Just a Bunch of Disks • JCE Java Cryptography Extension • JCL—Job Control Language • JCP—Java Community Process • JDBC—Java Database Connectivity • JDK—Java Development Kit • JEE—Java Enterprise Edition • JES—Job Entry Subsystem • JDS—Java Desktop System • JFC—Java Foundation Classes • JFET—Junction Field-Effect Transistor • JFS—IBM Journaling File System • JINI—Jini Is Not Initials • JIT—Just-In-Time • JME—Java Micro Edition • JMX—Java Management Extensions • JMS—Java Message Service • JNDI—Java Naming and Directory Interface • JNI—Java Native Interface • JNZ—Jump non-zero • JPEG—Joint Photographic Experts Group • JRE—Java Runtime Environment • JS—JavaScript • JSE—Java Standard Edition • JSON—JavaScript Object Notation • JSP—Jackson Structured Programming • JSP—JavaServer Pages • JTAG—Joint Test Action Group • JVM—Java Virtual Machine • JWE—JSON Web Encryption • JWS—JSON Web Signature • JWT—JSON Web Token == K ==
K
K&R—Kernighan and Ritchie • K8s—Kubernetes • Kb—Kilobit • KB—Keyboard • KB—Kilobyte • KB—Knowledge Base • Kbps—Kilobits per second • KC—Keyboard computer • KDC—Key distribution center • KDE—K Desktop Environment • KDF—Key derivation function • KEK—Key encryption key • kHz—Kilohertz • KiB—Kibibyte • KINK—Kerberized Internet Negotiation of Keys • KML—Keyhole Markup Language • KMS—Kernal Mode Setting • KMS—Key Management Server • KMS—Knowledge Management System • KPOP—Kerberized Post Office Protocol • KRACK—Key Reinstallation Attack • KPK—Key production key • KRL—Knowledge Representation Language • KVM—Keyboard, Video, Mouse == L ==
L
L10N—Localization • L2TP—Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol • LACP—Link Aggregation Control Protocol • LAMP—Linux Apache MySQL Perl • LAMP—Linux Apache MySQL PHP • LAMP—Linux Apache MySQL Python • LAN—Local Area Network • LATA—Local Access and Transport Area • LBA—Logical Block Addressing • LB—Load Balancer • LBAC—Lattice-based access control • LCD—Liquid Crystal Display • LCDP—Low-code development platform • LCOS—Liquid Crystal On Silicon • LCR—Least Cost Routing • LDAP—Lightweight Directory Access Protocol • LDIFLDAP Data Interchange Format • LE—Logical Extents • LEAP—Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol • LED—Light-emitting diode • LF—Line Feed • LF—Low Frequency • LFI—Local file inclusion • LFS—Linux From Scratch • LGA—Land Grid Array • LGPL—Lesser General Public License • LIB—LIBrary • LIF—Low Insertion Force • LIFO—Last In First Out • LILO—Linux Loader • LISP—LISt Processing • LKML—Linux Kernel Mailing List • LLC—Logical link control • LM—Lan Manager • LOC—Lines of Code • LPC—Lars Pensjö C • LPI—Linux Professional Institute • LPT Line Print Terminal • LRU—Least Recently Used • LSB—Least Significant Bit • LSB—Linux Standard Base • LSI—Large-Scale Integration • LSP—Liskov substitution principle • LTE—Long-Term Evolution • LTL—Linear Temporal Logic • LTR—Left-to-Right • LTS—Long-term support • LUG—Linux User Group • LUN—Logical Unit Number • LV—Logical Volume • LVD—Low Voltage Differential • LVM—Logical Volume Management • LZW—Lempel-Ziv-Welch == M ==
M
MaaS—Mobility as a service • MaaS—Monitoring as a service • MAAWG—Messaging Anti-Abuse Working Group • MAC—Mandatory access control • MAC—Medium access control • MAC—Message authentication code • MANET—Mobile Ad-Hoc Network • MAN—Metropolitan Area Network • MAPI—Messaging Application Programming Interface • MAPS—Mail Abuse Prevention System • MAU—Media access unit • MAU—Medium Attachment Unit • MAWI—Measurement and Analysis on the WIDE Internet • Mb—Megabit • MB—Megabyte • MBCS—Multi Byte Character Set • MBD—Model-Based Design • Mbps—Megabits per second • MBR—Master Boot Record • MBSS—Mesh basic service set • MCA—Micro Channel Architecture • MCA—Microsoft Certified Architect • MCAD—Microsoft Certified Application Developer • MCAS—Microsoft Certified Application Specialist • MCC or MVCC—Multiversion concurrency control • MCDBA—Microsoft Certified DataBase Administrator • MCDST—Microsoft Certified Desktop Support Technician • MCITP—Microsoft Certified Information Technology Professional • MCM—Microsoft Certified Master • MCP—Microsoft Certified Professional • MCPD—Microsoft Certified Professional Developer • MCSA—Microsoft Certified Systems Administrator • MCSD—Microsoft Certified Solution Developer • MCSE—Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer • MCT—Microsoft Certified Trainer • MCTS—Microsoft Certified Technology Specialist • MD—Message Digest (MD2, MD4, MD5, MD6) • MDA—Monochrome Display Adapter • MDA—Mail Delivery Agent • MDA—Model-Driven Architecture • MDD/MDSD—Model-Driven (Software) Development • MDF—Main Distribution Frame • MDI—Multiple-Document Interface • MDM—Master data management • MDM—Mobile device management • ME—Microsoft Edge • ME—[Windows] Millennium Edition • MF—Medium Frequency • MFA—Multi-factor authentication • MFC—Microsoft Foundation Classes • MFD—Multi-function device • MFJ—Modification of Final Judgment • MFM—Modified Frequency Modulation • MFP—Multi-function printer • MFT—Master File Table • MGCP—Media Gateway Control Protocol • MHz—Megahertz • MIB—Management Information Base • MIC—Message integrity code • MICKEY—Mutual Irregular Clocking KEYstream generator • MICR—Magnetic Ink Character Recognition or Magnetic Ink Character Reader • MIDI—Musical Instrument Digital Interface • MIMD—Multiple Instruction, Multiple Data • MIME—Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions • MIMO—Multiple-Input Multiple-Output • MINIX—MIni-uNIX • MIPS—Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipeline Stages • MIPS—Million Instructions Per Second • MISD—Multiple Instruction, Single Data • MIS—Management Information Systems • MIT—Massachusetts Institute of Technology • ML—Machine Learning • MMC—Microsoft Management Console • MMC—MultiMediaCard • MMDS—Mortality Medical Data System • MMDS—Multichannel Multipoint Distribution Service • MMF—Multi-Mode (optical) Fiber • MM fonts—Multiple master fonts • MMIO—Memory-Mapped I/O • MMI—Man Machine Interface • MMF—Multi-mode fiber • MMORPG—Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Game • MMS—Multimedia Message Service • MMU—Memory Management Unit • MMX—Multi-Media Extensions • MNG—Multiple-image Network Graphics • MoBo—Motherboard • MOM—Message-Oriented Middleware • MOO—MUD Object Oriented • MOP—Meta-Object Protocol • MOSFET—Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor • MOS—Microsoft Office Specialist • MOTD—Message Of The Day • MoU—Memorandum of understanding • MOUS—Microsoft Office User Specialist • MOV—Apple QuickTime Multimedia File • MPAA—Motion Picture Association of America • MPEG—Motion Pictures Experts Group • MPLS—Multiprotocol Label Switching • MPL—Mozilla Public License • MPU—Microprocessor Unit • MQTT—Message Queues Telemetry Transport • MS—Memory Stick • MS—Microsoft • MSA—Master service agreement • MSA—Message submission agent • MSB—Most Significant Bit • MS-CHAP—Microsoft version of the Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol • MSDN—Microsoft Developer Network • MS-DOS—Microsoft Disk Operating System • MSI—Medium-Scale Integration • MSI—Message Signaled Interrupt • MSI—Microsoft Installer • MSMQ—Microsoft Message Queuing • MSN—Microsoft Network • MSP—Managed service provider • MSS—Managed security service • MSSP—Managed security service provider • MT—Machine Translation • MTA—Mail Transfer Agent • MTA—Microsoft Technology Associate • MTBF—Mean time between failures • MtE—MAC-then-Encrypt • MTS—Michigan Terminal System • MTTF—Mean time to failure • MTTR—Mean time to repair • MTU—Maximum Transmission Unit • MU—Memory Unit • MUA—Mail User Agent • MUD—Multi-User Dungeon • MVC—Model-View-Controller • MVP—Most Valuable Professional • MVS—Multiple Virtual Storage • MWC—Mobile World Congress • MWN—Municipal wireless network • MXF—Material Exchange Format • MX—Mail exchange == N ==
N
NAC—Network access control • NACK—Negative ACKnowledgement • NAIC—National Infrastructure Advisory Council • NAK—Negative AcKnowledge Character • NaN—Not a Number • NAP—Network Access Protection • NAPT—Network address and port translation • NAS—Network access server • NAS—Network-attached storage • NASL—Nessus Attack Scripting Language • NASM—Netwide ASseMbler • NAT—Network address translation • NAT-T—Network address translator traversal • NBO—Northbound interface • NCDP—No-code development platform • NCP—NetWare Core Protocol • NCQ—Native Command Queuing • NCR—National Cash Register • NCSA—National Center for Supercomputing Applications • NDIS—Network Driver Interface Specification • NDP—Neighbor Discovery Protocol • NDPS—Novell Distributed Print Services • NDS—Novell Der irectory Services • NEP—Network Equipment Provider • NetBIOS—Network Basic Input/Output System • NetBT—NetBIOS over TCP/IP • NEXT—Near-end crosstalk • NFA—Nondeterministic Finite Automaton • NFC—Near-field communication • NFS—Network File System • NGFW—Next-generation firewall • NGSCB—Next-Generation Secure Computing Base • NI—National Instruments • NIC—Network Interface Controller or Network Interface Card • NIDS—Network intrusion detection systems • NII—National Information Infrastructure • NIM—No Internal Message • NIO—Non-blocking I/O • NIPS—Network-based intrusion prevention system • NIST—National Institute of Standards and Technology • NLE—Non-Linear Editing system • NLP—Natural Language Processing • NLS—Native Language Support • NMI—Non-Maskable Interrupt • NNRP—Network News Reader Protocol • NNTP—Network News Transfer Protocol • NOC—Network Operations Center • NOOB—Nibble out-of-band authentication • NOP—No OPeration • NOS—Network Operating System • NP—Nondeterministic Polynomial time • NPL—Netscape Public License • NPPD—National Protection and Programs Directorate • NPTL—Native POSIX Thread Library • NPU—Network Processing Unit • NS—Netscape • NSIS—Nullsoft Scriptable Install System • NSN—Network service name • NSPR—Netscape Portable Runtime • NSS—Novell Storage Service • NSS—Network Security Services • NSS—Name Service Switch • NT—New Technology • NTFS—New Technology File System • NTLM—New Technology LAN Manager • NTP—Network Time Protocol • NUM|A—Non-Uniform Memory Access • NURBS—Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline • NUT—Network UPS Tools • NVD—National Vulnerability Database • NVMe—NVM Express • NVR—Network Video Recorder • NVRAM—Non-Volatile Random-Access Memory • NX—No-execute == O ==
O
OASIS—Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards • OAS—Oracle Advanced Security • OAT—Operational Acceptance Testing • OAuth—Open Authorization • OBSAI—Open Base Station Architecture Initiative • OCR—Optical Character Recognition • OCSP—Online Certificate Status Protocol • OCP—Open–closed principle • ODBC—Open Database Connectivity • OEM—Original Equipment Manufacturer • OES—Open Enterprise Server • OFDM—Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing • OFTC—Open and Free Technology Community • OFX—Open Financial eXchange • OID—Object Identifier • OKV—Oracle Key Vault • OLAP—Online Analytical Processing • OLE—Object Linking and Embedding • OLED—Organic light-emitting diode • OLPC—One Laptop per Child • OLTP—Online Transaction Processing • OMF—Object Module Format • OMG—Object Management Group • OMR—Optical Mark Reader • OMTP—Open Mobile Terminal Platform • ONS—Oracle Net Services • ooRexx—Open Object Rexx • OO—Object-Oriented • OO—OpenOffice • OOE—Out-of-Order Execution • OOM—Out Of Memory • OOo—OpenOffice.org • OoOE—Out-of-Order Execution • OOP—Object-Oriented Programming • OOTB—Out of the box • OPML—Outline Processor Markup Language • ORB—Object Request Broker • ORBS—Open Relay Behavior-modification System • ORM—Object–Relational Mapping • OS—Open Source • OS—Operating System • OSCON—O'Reilly Open Source CONvention • OSDN—Open Source Development Network • OSI—Open Source Initiative • OSI—Open Systems Interconnection • OSINT—Open source intelligence • OSPF—Open Shortest Path First • OSS—Open Sound System • OSS—Open-source software • OSS—Operations Support System • OSSTMM—Open Source Security Testing Methodology Manual • OSTG—Open Source Technology Group • OT—Operational technology • OTP—One-time password • OUI—Organizationally Unique Identifier • OV—Organization validation • OVAL—Open Vulnerability and Assessment Language • OWASP—Open Worldwide Application Security Project • OWE—Opportunistic Wireless Encryption == P ==
P
P2P—Peer-To-Peer • PaaS—Platform as a Service • PAC—Proxy auto-config • PAM—Pluggable Authentication Module • PAM—Privileged Access Management • PAN—Personal Area Network • PAP—Password Authentication Protocol • PARC—Palo Alto Research Center • PAPR—Power Architecture Platform Reference • PAT—Port address translation • PATA—Parallel ATA • PBKDF2—Password-Based Key Derivation Function 2 • PBS—Portable Batch System • PBX—Private branch exchange • PC—Personal Computer • pcap—packet capture • PCB—Printed Circuit Board • PCB—Process Control Block • PC DOS—Personal Computer Disc Operating System • PCI—Peripheral Component Interconnect • PCI DSS—Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard • PCIe—PCI Express • PCI-X—PCI Extended • PCL—Printer Command Language • PCMCIA—Personal Computer Memory Card International Association • PCM—Pulse-Code Modulation • PCRE—Perl Compatible Regular Expressions • PD—Public Domain • PDA—Personal Digital Assistant • PDF—Portable Document Format • PDH—Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy • PDP—Programmed Data Processor • PDU—Power distribution unit • PDU—Protocol data unit • PE—Physical Extents • PE—Portable Executable • PEAP—Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol • PEM—Privacy-Enhanced Mail • PERL—Practical Extraction and Reporting Language • PERMIS—PrivilEge and Role Management Infrastructure Standards • PES—Proposed Encryption Standard • PFS—Perfect forward secrecy • PG—Peripheral Gateway • PGA—Pin Grid Array • PGA—Programmable Gate Array • PGO—Profile-Guided Optimization • PGP—Pretty Good Privacy • PHIPA—Personal Health Information Protection Act • PHP—Hypertext Preprocessor • PHR—Personal health record • PHY—Physical layer • PIC—Peripheral Interface Controller • PIC—Programmable Interrupt Controller • PID—Proportional-Integral-Derivative • PID—Process ID • PII—Personally identifiable information • PIM—Personal Information Manager • PINE—Program for Internet News and Email • PING—Packet Internet Gopher • PIO—Programmed Input/Output • PIPEDA—Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act • PIR—Public Interest Registry • PIV—FIPS 201 • Pixel—Picture element • PKCS—Public Key Cryptography Standards • PKI—Public Key Infrastructure • PLC—Power-Line Communication • PLC—Programmable logic controller • PLD—Programmable logic device • PL/I—Programming Language One • PL/M—Programming Language for Microcomputers • PL/P—Programming Language for Prime • PLT—Power-Line Telecommunications • PMM—POST Memory Manager • PNAC—Port-based network access control • PNA—Personal Navigation Assistant • PNG—Portable Network Graphics • PnP—Plug-and-Play • PNRP—Peer Name Resolution Protocol • POCE—Personally owned, company enabled • POCO—Plain Old Class Object • PoE—Power over Ethernet • POID—Persistent Object Identifier • POJO—Plain Old Java Object • POODLE—Padding Oracle On Downgraded Legacy Encryption • PoP—Point of Presence • POP3—Post Office Protocol v3 • PoS—Point of Sale • POSIX—Portable Operating System Interface, formerly IEEE-IX • POST—Power-On Self Test • POTP—Protected One-Time Password • POTS—Plain old telephone service • PPC—PowerPC • PPI—Pixels Per Inch • PPM—Pages Per Minute • PPP—Point-to-Point Protocol • PPPoA—PPP over ATM • PPPoE—PPP over Ethernet • PPTP—Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol • PR—Pull Request • PReP—PowerPC Reference Platform • PRNG—Pseudorandom number generator • PROM—Programmable Read-Only Memory • PS—PostScript • PS/2—Personal System/2 • PSA—Professional Services Automation • PSK—Pre-shared key • PSM—Platform Specific Model • PSTN—Public Switched Telephone Network • PSU—Power Supply Unit • PSVI—Post-Schema-Validation Infoset • PTS-DOS—PhysTechSoft – Disk Operating System • PTZ—Pan–tilt–zoom camera • PUA—Potentially unwanted application • PUP—Potentially unwanted program • PV—Physical volume • PV—Process variable • PVG—Physical volume group • PVR—Personal Video Recorder • PXE—Preboot Execution Environment • PXI—PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation • PRC—Procedure Remote Call == Q ==
Q
QA—Quality assurance • QC—Quality control • QC—Quick Charge • QDR—Quad Data Rate • QEMU—Quick Emulator • QFP—Quad Flat Package • QIF—Quicken Interchange Format • QoS—Quality of Service • QOTD—Quote of the Day • QSOP—Quarter-size small-outline package • Qt—a cross-platform application development framework for creating graphical user interfaces as well as applications that run on various software and hardware platforms • QTAM—Queued Teleprocessing Access Method == R ==
R
RA—Registration authority • RAB—Rapid application building • RACEResearch and Development in Advanced Communications Technologies in Europe • RACF—Resource Access Control Facility • RAD—Rapid application development • RADIUS—Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service • RAID—Redundant Array of Independent Disks • RAII—Resource Acquisition Is Initialization • RAIT—Redundant Array of Inexpensive Tapes • RAM—Random-Access Memory • RAM—Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability • RAN—Radio access network • RARP—Reverse Address Resolution Protocol • RAS—Reliability, Availability, and Serviceability • RAS—Remote access service • RAT—Radio access technology • RAT—Remote access trojan • RBAC—Role-based access control • RC—Region Code • RC—Release Candidate • RC—Run Commands • RC2—Rivest Cipher 2 (a block cipher) • RC4—Rivest Cipher 4 (a stream cipher) • RC5—Rivest Cipher 5 (a block cipher) • RC6—Rivest Cipher 6 (a block cipher) • RCA—Root Cause Analysis • RCS—Revision Control System • RD—Remote Desktop • rd—remove directory • RDBMS—Relational Database Management System • RDC—Remote Desktop Connection • RDF—Resource Description Framework • RDM—Relational Data Model • RDOS—Real-time Disk Operating System • RDP—Remote Desktop Protocol • RDS—Remote Desktop Services • REFAL—Recursive Functions Algorithmic Language • REST—Representational State Transfer • regex—Regular Expression • regexp—Regular Expression • RF—Radio Frequency • RFB—Remote FrameBuffer • RFC—Request For Comments • RFI—Radio Frequency Interference • RFI—Remote file inclusion • RFID—Radio-frequency identification • RG—Radio Guide • RGB—Red, Green, Blue • RHL—Red Hat Linux • RHEL—Red Hat Enterprise Linux • REXX—Restructured Extended Executor Language • RIA—Rich Internet Application • RIAA—Recording Industry Association of America • RIP—Raster Image Processor • RIP—Routing Information Protocol • RIPE—Réseaux IP Européens • RIPEMD—RACE Integrity Primitives Evaluation Message Digest • RIPEMD—RIPE Message Digest • RIR—Regional Internet registry • RISC—Reduced Instruction Set Computer • RISC OS—Reduced Instruction Set Computer Operating System • RJ—Registered jack • RJE—Remote Job Entry • RLE—Run-Length Encoding • RLL—Run-Length Limited • rmdir—remove directory • RMF—Risk Management Framework • RMI—Remote Method Invocation • RMS—Richard Matthew Stallman • ROM—Read-Only Memory • ROMB—Read-Out Motherboard • ROM-DOS—Read-Only Memory – Disk Operating System • RPA—Robotic Process Automation • RPC—Remote Procedure Call • RPG—Report Program Generator • RPM—RPM Package Manager • RPO—Recovery Point Objective • RRAS—Routing and Remote Access Service • RRSIG—Resource record signature • RSA—Rivest Shamir Adleman • RSBAC—Rule-set-based access control • RSI—Repetitive Strain Injury • RSR—Rapid Security Response • RSS—Radio Service Software • RSS—Remote service software • RSS—Rich Site Summary, RDF Site Summary, or Really Simple Syndication • RST—reStructuredText • RSTP—Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol • RSVP—Resource Reservation Protocol • RTAI—Real-Time Application Interface • RTBH—Remote Triggered Black Hole Filtering • RTC—Real-Time Clock • RTD—Round-trip delay • RTE—Real-Time Enterprise • RTEMS—Real-Time Executive for Multiprocessor Systems • RTF—Rich Text Format • RTL—Right-to-Left • RTMP—Real Time Messaging Protocol • RTO—Recovery Time Objective • RTOS—Real-Time Operating System • RTP—Real-time Transport Protocol • RTS—Ready To Send • RTSP—Real-Time Streaming Protocol • RTT—Round-trip time • RTTI—Run-time Type Information • RTU—Remote Terminal Unit • RWD—Responsive Web Design == S ==
S
S3—Simple Storage Service • SA—Security association • SaaS—Software as a Service • SAE—Simultaneous Authentication of Equals • SAE—System Architecture Evolution • SASE—Secure access service edge • SASS—Syntactically Awesome Style Sheets • SAM—Security Account Manager • SAML—Security Assertion Markup Language • SAN—Storage Area Network • SAN—Subject Alternative Name • SAS—Serial attached SCSI • SASE—Secure access service edge • SASE—Stand-alone synchronization equipment • SASL—Simple Authentication and Security Layer • SATA—Serial AT Attachment • SAX—Simple API for XML • SBOD—Spinning Beachball of Death • SBP-2—Serial Bus Protocol 2 • sbin—superuser binary • sbs—Small Business Server • SCADA—Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition • SCAP—Security Content Automation Protocol • SCEP—Simple Certificate Enrollment Protocol • SCCM—System Center Configuration Manager • SCID—Source Code in Database • SCM—Software Configuration Management • SCM—Source Code Management • SCO—Santa Cruz Operation • SCP—Seattle Computer Products • SCP—Secure copy protocol • SCRAM—Salted Challenge Response Authentication Mechanism • SCSI—Small Computer System Interface • SCTP—Stream Control Transmission Protocol • SD—Secure Digital • SDD—Software design description • SDDC—Software-defined data center • SDDL—Security Descriptor Definition Language • SDH—Synchronous Digital Hierarchy • SDI—Single-Document Interface • SDIO—Secure Digital Input Output • SDK—Software Development Kit • SDL—Simple DirectMedia Layer • SDLC—Software development life cycle • SDN—Software-defined networking • SDP—Session Description Protocol • SDP—Software-defined perimeter • SDP—Software-defined protection • SDR—Software-Defined Radio • SDRAM—Synchronous Dynamic Random-Access Memory • SDSL—Symmetric digital subscriber line • SD-WAN—Software-Defined Wide Area Network • SDXF—Structured Data eXchange Format • SE—Single Ended • SECC—Single-Edged Contact Cartridge • SED—Self-encrypting drive • SEH—Structured Exception Handling • SEI—Software Engineering Institute • SELinux—Security-Enhanced Linux • SEO—Search Engine Optimization • SFC—Sequential function chart • SFC—System File Checker • SFTP—Secure File Transfer Protocol • SFTP—Simple File Transfer Protocol • SFTPSSH File Transfer Protocol • SGI—Silicon Graphics, Incorporated • SGML—Standard Generalized Markup Language • SGR—Select Graphic Rendition • SGX—Software Guard eXtensions • SHA—Secure Hash Algorithms • SHA-1—Secure Hash Algorithm 1 • SHA-2—Secure Hash Algorithm 2 • SHA-3—Secure Hash Algorithm 3 • SHDSL—Single-pair High-speed Digital Subscriber Line • S-HTTP—Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol • SIEM—Security information and event management • SIGCAT—Special Interest Group on CD-ROM Applications and Technology • SIGGRAPH—Special Interest Group on Graphics • SIMD—Single Instruction, Multiple Data • SIM—Subscriber Identity Module • SIMM—Single Inline Memory Module • SIP—Session Initiation Protocol • SIP—Supplementary Ideographic Plane • SISD—Single Instruction, Single Data • SISO—Single-Input and Single-Output • SLA—Service-level agreement • SLAAC—Stateless address autoconfiguration • SLE—Single-loss expectancy • SLED—SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop • SLES—SUSE Linux Enterprise Server • SLI—Scalable Link Interface • SLIP—Serial Line Internet Protocol • SLM—Service Level Management • SLOC—Source Lines of Code • SME—Subject Matter Expert • SMF—Single-mode fiber • SPM—Software project management • SPMD—Single Program, Multiple Data • SPOF—Single point of failure • SMA—SubMiniature version A • SMB—Server Message Block • SMBIOS—System Management BIOS • SMIL—Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language • S/MIME—Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions • SMP—Supplementary Multilingual Plane • SMP—Symmetric Multi-Processing • SMPS—Switch Mode Power Supply • SMS—Short Message Service • SMS—System Management Server • SMT—Simultaneous Multithreading • SMTP—Simple Mail Transfer Protocol • SMTPS—Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Secure • SNA—Systems Network Architecture • SNMP—Simple Network Management Protocol • SNP—Secure Network Programming • SNTP—Simple Network Time Protocol • SOA—Service-Oriented Architecture • SOAP—Simple Object Access Protocol • SOAP—Symbolic Optimal Assembly Program • SOAR—Security orchestration, automation and response • SOC—Security operations center • SOC—System and Organization Controls • SoC—System on a chip • SO-DIMM—Small Outline DIMM • SOE—Standard Operating Environment • SOHO—Small Office/Home Office • SOI—Silicon On Insulator • SOLIDSingle-responsibility, Open-closed, Liskov substitution, Interface segregation, Dependency Inversion • SOPA—Stop Online Piracy Act • SOW—Statement of work • SP—Service Pack • SPA—Single Page Application • SPF—Sender Policy Framework • SPI—Serial Peripheral Interface • SPI—Stateful Packet Inspection • SPICE—Simple Protocol for Independent Computing Environments • SPIM—Spam over instant messaging • SPARC—Scalable Processor Architecture • SPOF—Single point of failure • SQL—Structured Query Language • SQLi—SQL injection • SRAM—Static Random-Access Memory • SRP—Single-responsibility principle • SRTP—Secure Real-time Transport Protocol • SSA—Static Single Assignment • SSADM—Structured systems analysis and design method • SSD—Software Specification Document • SSD—Solid-State Drive • SSDP—Simple Service Discovery Protocol • SSE—Streaming SIMD Extensions • SSH—Secure Shell • SSI—Server Side Includes • SSI—Single-System Image • SSI—Small-Scale Integration • SSID—Service set identifier • SSL—Secure Sockets Layer • SSO—Single sign-on • SSP—Supplementary Special-purpose Plane • SSRF—Server-side request forgery • SSSE—Supplementary Streaming SIMD Extensions • SSSP—Single Source Shortest Path • SSTC—Security Services Technical Committee • SSTP—Secure Socket Tunneling Protocol • STIX—Scientific and Technical Information eXchange • STOMP—Simple (or Streaming) Text Oriented Messaging Protocol • STP—Shielded twisted pair • STP—Spanning Tree Protocol • STUN—Session Traversal Utilities for NATsu—superuser • SUS—Single UNIX Specification • SUSE—Software und System-Entwicklung • SVC—Scalable Video Coding • SVC—Static VAR compensator • SVD—Structured VLSI Design • SVG—Scalable Vector Graphics • SVGA—Super Video Graphics Array • SVOT—Single version of the truth • SWF—Shock Wave Flash • SWG—Secure Web Gateway • SWT—Standard Widget Toolkit • Sysop—System operator == T ==
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