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Greek dances

Greek dance is an old tradition, being referred to by authors such as Plato, Aristotle, Plutarch and Lucian. There are different styles and interpretations from all of the islands and surrounding mainland areas. Each region formed its own choreography and style to fit in with their own ways. For example, island dances have more of a different smooth flow to them, while Pontic dancing closer to the Black Sea, is very sharp. There are over 10,000 traditional dances that come from all regions of Greece. There are also pan-Hellenic dances, which have been adopted throughout the Greek world. These include specifically the Syrtos, Kalamatianos, Pyrrhichios, Ballos, Zeibekiko, and hasapiko.

Ancient Greek dances
and a Maenad dancing. Ancient Greek red-figured olpe from Apulia, ca. 320–310 BCE. Pan's right hand fingers are in a snapping position. . • AntistropheCarpaeaChoreia (dance)CordaxDionysiakosHyporchemaKorybantesPyrrhichios (dance)Syrtos In Ancient Greece, dance was a form of ritual, as well as a pastime. Dance could be included in hunting communities, initiation ceremony rituals of age, marriage, and death, entertainment, dance festivals, and religious activity. It was also viewed as a way to educate children about social norms and morals, and was viewed as being essential for physical and emotional development. Dance was used in regard to war as a form of military training, as well as a ritual that served as a mediator between the gods and humans. What modern times may consider a parade, military drill, funeral, children's game, these were seen as forms of dance as long as they were meant to be an exhibition of a rhythmic performance. The Suda mentions an ancient Greek dance which was called Dipodia (Διποδία), meaning two-step/two-footer. File:Women in circular dance, terracotta, 6th c BC, AM Corinth, 202907.jpg|6th century B.C. Women dancing in a circle. File:Red-figure phiale woman dancing with crotoa (Boston MFA 97.371), sharpened.jpg|5th century B.C. Woman dancing with crotala File:At the British Museum 2024 362.jpg|450 B.C. Woman dancing with crotala File:Greek Red-figure Ceramic Calyx Crater Girl in dance class; Berlin Dancers painter, 440-430 BC (28454178810).jpg|440–430 B.C. Girl in dance class. File:British Museum Room 20a Phiale Painter Girls dancing 19022019 6748.jpg|430 B.C. Girls dancing, with an instructress and a youth. File:Attic black-figure vase with man playing aulos and several dancing men photo by bensutherland flickr cca2.0 3383425843 4854e66a87 o.jpg|Men dancing File:Black figure skyphos, AM of Thebes, 201200.jpg|500–490 B.C. Female reedpipe-player (auletria) and female dancer File:Komos Painted Nose Louvre E841.jpg|550–540 B.C. Men dancing. File:Exotic dancer, calyx krater, by the Nikias Painter, Attic Greek, c. 400 BC, red-figure terracotta - Sackler Museum - Harvard University - DSC01780.jpg|400 B.C. Exotic dance. ==Modern and regional dances==
Modern and regional dances
===Aegean Islands=== , 1958 island The Aegean islands have dances which are fast in pace and light and jumpy. Many of these dances, however, are couples dances, and not so much in lines. See Nisiotika for more information. • Antipatitis (Karpathos) • Arkistis (Karpathos) • BallaristosBallos (Naxos, Kythnos, Lemnos) • Boniatiki Sousta (Rhodes) • Chaniotika (Leros) • Ikariotikos (from Ikaria) • Irene (Tilos) • Isios (Kalymnos) • Kamara (Skiathos) • Kamares (Tilos) • Karavas (dance) (Naxos) • Kato Choros (Karpathos) • Kechagiadikos (Lemnos) • Kefalonitika (Karpathos) • Kritikos (Rhoditiko Pidikto) (Rhodes) • Leriki Sousta (Leros) • Lerikos (Leros) • Michanikos (Kalymnos) • Ola Ta Poulakia (Thasos) • Panagia (Lemnos) • Pano Choros (Karpathos) • Patma (Lemnos) • Pirgousikos (Chios) • Plataniotiko Nero (Samos) • Rhoditiki Sousta (Rhodes) • Rhoditikos (Rhodes, Leros) • Rodo (dance)Sianos (Karpathos) • Simetherkatos (Lemnos) • Samiotiki Sousta (Samos) • Sousta (Kalymnos) • Sousta Karpathou (Karpathos) • Sousta Koaki (Kos) • Sousta Tilou (Tilos) • Sperveri (Rhodes) • Strose Vayia (Samos) • Symiaki Sousta (Symi) • SyrtosSyrtos Assos (Agathonisi) • Ta Xila (Mytilene) • Thermiotikos Karsilamas (Kythnos) • Thimariotikos (Kalymnos) • Tourtsikos (Rhodes) • TrataTsopanikos (Lemnos) • Zervos (Karpathos) ===Crete=== dancers These dances are light and jumpy, and extremely cardiovascular. • AngaliastosAnogianos PidichtosApanomeritisChaniotikos SyrtosEthianos PidichtosIerapetrikos PidichtosKanellaKatsabadianosLaziotisMaleviziotisMikro MikrakiNtamesNtournerakiaPentozaliPidichtos LasithouPyrrhichiosPriniotisRethemniotiki SoustaRodo (dance)SiganosSitiakos PidichtosSoustaSyrtos ChaniotikosTrizaliXenobasarisZervodexos ===Central Greece=== • AntikristosHasapikoSirtakiKalamatianosKavodorikos (Karystos) • Kleistos • PyrrhichiosSyrtosLambri Kamara (Megara) • Loulouvikos (from Megara) • Tis Triantafilias Ta Fila (Megara) • Trata (from Megara) • Tsamikos ===Epirus=== Epirote dances are the most slow and heavy in all of Greece. Great balance is required in order to perform these dances. • BeratiTsamikosFisounisGenovefaGiatrosHoros Tis Nifis or LipothimarikosKapitan LoukaKoftosKlamataMetsovitikosPalamakiaPapadiaPapiggoParzakanaPogonisiosSta DioSta TriaSingathistos MetsovouZagorisios ===Peloponnese=== The dances of the Peloponnese are very simple and heavy, with the leader of the line improvising. • Ai GeorgisDiplos HorosGeranosKalamatianosManiatikosMonodiplosPanagiotis (dance)SyrtosTsakonikosTsamikos ===Ionian Islands=== • Ai Georgis (Corfu) • Ballos (Lefkada, Cefalonia) • Bourdaris (Kythira) • Cerigotikos (Kythira) • Potamitikos (Kythira) • Ai Georgis (Kythira) • Divaratikos (Cefalonia) • Fourlana (Corfu) • Kerkiraikos (Corfu) • Lefkaditikos (Lefkada) • Levantitikos (Zakynthos) • Mermigas (Cefalonia) • Mesaritikos (Kythira) • Rouga (Corfu) • Syrtos (Cefalonia) • Thiakos (Lefkada) ===Macedonia=== Dances in Macedonia vary. Most are solid and are performed using heavy steps, whilst others are fast and agile. Most dances begin slow and increase in speed. Western MacedoniaAkritikos (Florina) • AntikristosBougatsas (Florina) • DimitroulaDiplos Choros Tis RokasGaida DanceGerakinaGerontikosEndeka KozanisKastorianosKori EleniKapitan LoukaHasapikoLeventikos (Florina) • Makedonikos antikristosMakrinitsa danceNizamikos (Naousa) • Omorfoula (Florina) • O NikolosPartalosPoustsenoProskinitosRaikos (Edessa) • ServikosSimbethera (Florina) • StamouloStankina (Edessa) • Syre Syre (Edessa) • Syrtos MakedoniasTis DimitroulasTis MariasTranos Choros (Kozani) • Trita Pata (Naousa) • Tsamikos DeskatisTsotsos (Florina) • Tsourapia (Florina) • ZacharoulaZaramo (dance) Eastern MacedoniaAntikristosDrousasKampanaKori EleniTefkotos ===Thessaly=== Dances in Thessaly are similar in style to the dances of Epirus. Mostly with slow, heavy movements. However, there are some dances that are also faster-paced. The leader can improvise in these dances similarly to those dances from the Epirus, Central Greece and Peloponnese. • DionysiakosGaitanakiGalanogalaniGirogalakisKalamatianosKamaraKangeliKaragouna • Kleistos • Kleistos Argitheas • KoftosLafinaPilioritikosRougatsiarikosSouzanaSyrtosTsamikoZacharoula ===Arvanites=== • NtarsaPlektosTsamikos ===Thrace=== Thracian dance is generally skippy and light. In most Thracian dances, the men are only permitted to dance at the front of the line. Musicians and singers such as Chronis Aidonidis and Kariofilis Doitsidis have brought to life the music of Thrace. • AntikristosBaidouskaDaktiliDendritsiDristaGaitaniGiknasHasapiaKoulouriastosMandilatosPapisiosSingathistosSyrtosTapeinos HorosTapeinos PaschaliatikosTripatiZonaradiko ===Northern Thrace / Eastern Thrace=== The dances of (Northern Thrace) are fast, upbeat and similar to the Thracian style of dance. Dances from the town of Kavakli and Neo Monastiri are the most popular. • AntikristosBogdanosDouzikosKallinitikosKatsivelikosKinigitosKoutsosMilisoPodarakiSfarlisSingathistosStis TreisSyrtos BanasTamzaraTremouliastosTroiroTsestosZervosZervos BanasZervodexiosZonaradiko Pontus The dances of the Pontic Greeks from the Black Sea were mostly performed by the Pontic soldiers in order to motivate themselves before going into a battle. The dances are accompanied by the Pontian lyra, also called kemenche by Turkish people. • Aneforitissa KizelaApo Pan Kai Ka MatsoukaAtsiapatDipatEtere TrapezountaFona ArgyroupolisGemouraGetiere ArgyroupolisKalon KoritsiKarsilamasKazatskaKochariKori KopelaKounichton NikopolisKouseraLafragaLetsi Kars (Kars) • Letsina Kars (Kars) • MacheriaMilitsaMiteritsaMomoeriaOmalPatoulaPodarakiPontic SerraSampson (Samsun) • SeranitsaSiton ImerasTamsara NikopolisTamsara TrapezountasTasT'apan Ke Ka MatsoukaTik DiploTik ImerasTik MonoTik NikopolisTik Togias or TogialidikonTitara ArgyroupolisTria Ti KotsariTrigona KerasountasTrigona MatsoukasTrigona TrapezountasTripat Matsouka • Tromakton • Tyrfon or Tryfon Bafra ===Asia Minor=== ErythraeAlatsatianiHoros AttarisBallosByzantine dancePaschalinosGeranosSoustaSyrtosSyrtos KarabourniotikosTapeinosZeibekiko Cappadocia The Cappadocian dances were mainly sung in the Cappadocian dialect of Cappadocian Greeks or the Karamanlides. Dances varied from social dances to ritualistic dances. • Ai VassiliatikosChoros KoutalionChoros LeilaloumChoros MacherionChoros MandilionEnsomaTas KemerliTsitsek NtagPasha/AntipashaLeilaloumVara VaraKonialisKouseftosSei TataSyrtosZeibekiko Sinasos The Dances & Songs of Sinasos Mustafapasa. • Apopsin Ta MesanihtaIsos SinasosKonialiMalamatenios ArgaliosPago Stou Prousas Ta VounaSimeris i Simeriani ===Constantinople=== • Byzantine danceHasapikoTesera MatiaPatinada NyfisRododachtilos ===Griko (Southern Italy)=== • PizzicaTarantella ===Cyprus=== ''Men's Dances'' • AntikristosDefteros KarsilamasProtos KarsilamasSyrtosTatsiaTritos Karsilamas ''Women's Dances'' • AntikristosDefteros KarsilamasProtos KarsilamasSyrtosTetartos KarsilamasTritos Karsilamas ===Aromanians=== • AntiperaHatzistergiouKalamatianosKato Stin Aspri PetraLa Valia di GiannenaSta TriaSyrtos ===Sarakatsani=== • Apano Stin TriantafiliaChoros KatsaDespoDiplos ChorosSta TriaTsamikos == Greek dancing in the United States ==
Greek dancing in the United States
Within the United States, Greek Americans participate in Greek dancing in order to preserve their heritage and culture. Greeks of all ages can be seen showcasing their skills at Greek Festivals which take place year round, often hosted by Greek Orthodox churches, or at various competitions in which groups practice dances from specific parts of Greece in order to perform in front of judges. GOYA, a spiritual ministry, is meant to give young people an opportunity to celebrate their shared culture and region while building bonds within the community. Greek Orthodox Folk Dance and Choral Festival (FDF) Since 1976, the Greek Orthodox Metropolis of San Francisco has held a convention that allows Greek Dance groups from various churches in the Pacific Region of the United States to compete. Up to 3,000 people participate annually and it is described as the largest youth ministry program in the Metropolis of San Francisco. Within the competition, there are four divisions, two of which are judged and two of which are exhibition suites. Division I and Division II are judged by a table of judges who have done years of research in Greece and instructed others on the styling and other important elements of Greek dancing. Each competing team will be placed into a division and group based on the average age of the team. Each team performs two times and perfected suites that can be from many places in Greece (islands, mainland, villages) and feature many different dances. The judges will score the teams based on their costumes, singing, stage presence, styling, and how closely it resembles the region that their suite is from. ==See also==
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