Ancient •
Alcaeus (6th century BC), Greek poet. •
Sappho, Ancient Greek Lyric Poet. Plato called her "wise" and "Tenth Muse". •
Pittacus (–568 BC), one of the
Seven Sages of Greece. •
Hellanicus (mid-5th century BC), Greek historian. •
Theophrastus, Ancient Greek philosopher, student of Aristotle. •
Laomedon of Mytilene (4th BC), general of
Alexander the Great •
Chares (4th century BC), Greek historian and chamberlain to
Alexander the Great. •
Scamon (4th century BC), Greek historian and son of Hellanicus. •
Praxiphanes (4th century BC), Greek philosopher. •
Epicurus, Greek philosopher. •
Aeschines, Greek rhetorician. •
Eunicus, Greek sculptor and silversmith. •
Hermarchus (3rd century BC), Greek philosopher. •
Diophanes (2nd century BC), Greek rhetorician. •
Lesbonax (1st century BC), Greek sophist and rhetorician. •
Archytas of Mytilene, Greek musician •
Crinagoras (70 BC-18 AD), Greek epigrammatist and ambassador, poet of "Palatine Poetry". •
Theophanes, middle of 1st century BC, Greek statesman, close friend of
Pompey the Great. •
Potamon (1st century AD), Greek rhetorician.
Medieval •
Santa Thomais (910–1030), nun, philanthropist and healer •
Christopher of Mytilene (11th century), Greek poet.
Modern •
Hayreddin Barbarossa (1478–1546), Ottoman admiral •
Oruç Reis (1478–1518), Ottoman bey •
Saint Parthenios (1600–1657), Patriarch of Constantinople and religious martyr •
Palaiologos Lemonis, member of
Filiki Etaireia •
Dimitrios Skambas (1992–present), Greek-American financier, youngest Partner at Bannockburn Global Forex in NYC. Parents from Pamfila, Lesvos. •
Theophilos Hatzimihail (–1934), Greek painter •
P. M. Kourtzis, shipowner, founder of Aegean Steamship Company (1883) •
Gregorios Bernardakis, philologist •
Demetrios Bernardakis, playwright •
Stratis Myrivilis (1892–1969), Greek writer •
Odysseas Elytis (1911–1996), Greek poet, Nobel Laureate in 1979 •
Argyris Eftaliotis (1849–1923) (née Cleanthis Michailidis), Greek writer •
Fotis Kontoglou (Aivali/Kydonies, origin from Mytilene) (1895–1965) Greek writer and painter. •
Georgios Jakobides, painter •
Hermon di Giovanno (–1968), Greek painter •
Nikos Fermas (1905–1972), Greek actor •
Irini Mouchou (born 1987), triathlete •
Giorgos Mouflouzelis (1912–1991), Greek composer of rebetiko •
Panagiotis Polychronis (1854–1941), Greek artist: photographer, lithographist and painter. •
Leo Rapitis (1906–1957), Greek singer •
Konstantinos Kenteris (born 1973), Greek athlete •
Alexis Panselinos (1903–1984), Greek writer •
Sophocles Vournazos (1853–1889), Greek philanthropist and founder of Mytilene's academic buildings. •
Tériade (1889–1983), Greek art critic, patron, and publisher •
Ahmed Djemal Pasha (1872–1922), Ottoman military leader, perpetrator of the
Armenian genocide •
Tamburi Ali Efendi (1836–1902), Turkish musician •
Nicholas Kampas (1857–1932), Greek poet •
Argyris Adalis, architect •
Nicholas Athanasiadis (1904–1990), Greek theatre writer, literature writer, poet. •
Ioannis Hatzidaniel (1850–1912), Greek painter and photographer. •
Solon Lekkas, singer of traditional music from Asia Minor. •
Giannis Bournellis, comedian, actor. •
Christos Touramanis, particle physicist • Giorgos Manousos, (born 1987), football player •
Praxitelis Vouros, (born 1995), football player •
Michalis Pavlis (born 1989), football player and coach •
Anastasios Chatzigiovanis, football player
Fictional • Lysimachus, in
Shakespeare's Pericles, Prince of Tyre ==International relations==