Connacht Irish

Some differences between Mayo and Galway are seen in the lexicon: Some words used in Connacht Irish that are not found in other dialects include: Variant spellings include: Variants distinctive of, but not unique to Connacht include: • , "potato", "potatoes" • , "whiskey" • , emphatic form for the first person plural pronoun, Ulster Irish uses this form as well, whereas Munster Irish uses although are used in Mayo, particularly in the Erris dialect. • , "every" (contraction of gach + uile) ==Phonology==

The phonemic inventory of Connacht Irish (based on the Tourmakeady accent) is as shown in the following chart (see International Phonetic Alphabet for an explanation of the symbols). Symbols appearing in the upper half of each row are velarized (traditionally called "broad" consonants) while those in the bottom half are palatalized ("slender"). The consonant is neither broad nor slender. The vowels of Connacht Irish are as shown on the following chart. These positions are only approximate, as vowels are strongly influenced by the palatalization and velarization of surrounding consonants. In addition, Connacht has the diphthongs . Some characteristics of Connacht that distinguish it from the other dialects are: • In some varieties, vowel lengthening before word-internal clusters of voiced plosive + liquid (e.g. "church") • In some varieties (e.g. in Erris Irish (County Mayo) and, as seen in the table above, in Tourmakeady) a four-way distinction among coronal nasals and laterals: , , often without lengthening of orthographic short vowels before them. • In the variety spoken in Cois Fharraige (the area along the north shore of Galway Bay between Barna and Casla), underlying short is realized as a long front while underlying long is realized as a back . • is realized as (or is replaced by ) after consonants other than . This happens in Ulster as well. • Broad is rendered even in initial positions, with a few exceptions. • The inflected pronouns agam, agat and againn are usually reduced into monosyllables , , . • The prepositions are both realised as (merging with ) and their inflected forms are frequently pronounced (and sometimes written) in their lenited forms. • The preposition-article compound (i + an "in the") causes eclipsis, where it causes lenition in the Caighdeán and in the other dialects. ==Morphology==

Nouns In some dialects of Connacht the plural endings and are always replaced by -annaí and -achaí. It is also common in many Gaelic-speaking areas of Connemara that the dative singular form of all 2nd declension nouns has been generally adopted as the nominative, giving these nouns the typical ending in palatalized consonants in the nominative singular. This is indicated in the spelling by the letter i before the final consonant. Verbs Irish conjugation is characterized by having a mixture of synthetic forms (), which provide information about person and number in the verb ending, and analytic forms (), which require the addition of a pronoun. In Galway and Mayo, as in Ulster, the analytic forms are used in a variety of forms where the standard language has synthetic forms, e.g. "we praise" (standard ) or "they would praise" (standard ). However, the synthetic forms, including those no longer included in the standard language, may be used in answering questions. Connacht Irish favours the interrogative pronoun and forms based on it such as , "when" instead of Munster , or instead of Munster/Ulster . As in Ulster, Scotland and the Isle of Man, relative forms of the verb such as "that/who/which will be", or , "that/who/which do~does" are frequently used. ==Notable speakers==

Some notable Irish singers who sing songs in the Connacht Irish dialect include Seosamh Ó hÉanaí who was the subject of a 2017 feature film, Song of Granite, by director Pat Collins, MacDara Ó Conaola, Darach Ó Catháin, Seán Mac Donncha and Máire Áine Ní Dhonnchadha. Inis Meáin storyteller Dara Beag Ó Fátharta was a notable exponent of Inis Meáin Gaeilge and appeared in several television programmes about the island on Irish and international screens. ==Notes==

• • • • [folklore about the sea and seaweed, Cois Fhairrge] • [short stories, Maigh Cuilinn] • [short stories, Maigh Cuilinn] • [folklore, Maigh Cuilinn] • [short stories, Maigh Cuilinn] • [novel, Maigh Cuilinn] • [short stories, Maigh Cuilinn] • [novel, Maigh Cuilinn] • [storytelling of Tomás Laighléis, Mionlach] • [autobiography] • [short stories and journalism] • [folklore, Connemara] • [biography, Aran Islands] • [collection of writings by Mícheál Breathnach, Cois Fhairrge] • • • [local history, Connemara] • [stories, Northern Mayo] • [memoirs, Northern Mayo] • • [Northern Mayo] • [folklore, Aran Islands] • [autobiography, Connemara] • [folklore, eastern Galway] • [novel, Connemara] • [short stories, Connemara] • [short stories, Connemara] • [short stories, Connemara] • [short stories, Connemara] • [essays, journalism, history, politics, miscellany, Connemara] • [short stories, Connemara] • [novel, Connemara] • [journalism, Connemara] • [essays, Connemara] • [history, politics, Connemara] • [novel, Connemara] • [research and opinions, Connemara] • [short stories, Connemara] • [folklore, Achill Island] • [folklore, Northern Mayo] • [folklore, Northern Mayo] • [novel, Connemara] • [novel, Connemara] • [short stories, Connemara] • [folklore, Connemara] • [local history, Aran Islands] • • • [story, Aran Islands] • [story, Aran Islands] • [folklore, Aran Islands] • [short stories, Connemara] • • • [novel, Connemara] • [folklore, autobiography, Connemara] • [West Galway] • [folklore, Bearna/Na Forbacha] • [autobiography, Aran Islands] • [poetry, Aran Islands] • • • • • [novel, Tourmakeady] • [short stories, Connemara] • [short stories, Aran Islands] • [autobiography, Ros Muc] • [folklore, memoirs, autobiography, Connemara] • [autobiography, Connemara] • [novel, Aran Islands] • [novel, Aran Islands] • [journalism, Aran Islands] • [local history, Southern Mayo] • [lexicon, expressions, Connemara] • [history, Connemara] • • [short stories, Connemara] • [novel, Connemara] • [novel, Connemara] • • [novel, Connemara] • [novel, Connemara] • [novel, Connemara] • [Northern Mayo] • [memoirs and folklore, Ros Muc] • [folklore, Achill Island] ==Music==