List of former European colonies

Denmark • Danish West Indies • Greenland • Colony of Greenland • County of Greenland • North Greenland • South Greenland France • New France • Canada • Acadia • Île-Royale • Illinois • Louisiana • Saint-Domingue Great Britain and England • British America (New Britain) • Canada • Island of St. John • Lower Canada • Province of Quebec • Upper Canada • Newfoundland Colony • "Thirteen Colonies" (The United States of America) • New England Colonies: • Province of Massachusetts Bay • Province of New Hampshire • Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations • Connecticut Colony • Province of New York • Province of New Jersey • Province of Pennsylvania • Delaware Colony • Province of Maryland • Colony of Virginia • Province of North Carolina • Province of South Carolina • Province of Georgia • Other North American colonies • Province of East Florida • Province of West Florida • British Honduras • Bay Islands Iceland • Greenland Netherlands • New Netherland (Nieuw-Amsterdam / New York) Norway • Greenland Russia • Russian Alaska Scotland • Nova Scotia • Darien Spain and Castile ====== Viceroyalty of New Spain ====== • Kingdom of New Galicia • Province of Alta California • Province of Old California • Province of Colotlán and Nayarit • Province of Guadalajara in New Galicia • Province of Zacatecas • Province of Arizpe • Province of Durango • Province of Texas • Province of Coahuila • Province of New León • Province of New Santander • Province of New Mexico • Kingdom of México'''''' • Province of Guanajuato • Province of México • Province of Oaxaca • Province of Puebla • Province of San Luis Potosí • Province of Tabasco • Province of Valladolid de Michoacán • Province of Veracruz • Province of Tlaxcala • Province of Laguna de los Términos • Province of Mérida in Yucatán • Kingdom of Santo Domingo • Captaincy General of Cuba • Province of Florida • Province of Louisiana • Province of Puerto Rico • Kingdom of Guatemala • Province of Costa Rica • Province of Guatemala • Province of San Salvador • Province of Comayagua • Province of Chiapas ====== Viceroyalty of New Granada ====== • Kingdom of Tierra Firme'''''' • Province of Darién • Province of Panamá • Province of Portobelo • Province of Veraguas Sweden • New Sweden • St. Barthelemy == Caribbean ==

Brandenburg • St Thomas Courland • New Courland (Tobago) Denmark–Norway • Saint John • Saint Thomas • Saint Croix France • Anguilla • Antigua and Barbuda • Dominica • Grenada • Montserrat • Nevis • Saint Christophe (St Kitts) • Saint Croix • Saint-Domingue (Hispaniola) • Sainte-Lucia (St Lucia) • Saint Vincent and the Grenadines • Sint Eustatius • Tobago Knights of Malta • Saint Barthélemy • Saint Martin • Saint Christopher (St Kitts) • Saint Croix • Tortuga (off coast of Haiti) Netherlands • New Walcheren (Tobago) Spain and Castile ====== Viceroyalty of New Spain ====== • Kingdom of Santo Domingo • Province of Santo Domingo • Captaincy General of Cuba • Province of Havana • Province of Santiago de Cuba • Province of Florida • Province of Louisiana • Province of Jamaica • Province of Puerto Rico ====== Viceroyalty of New Granada ====== • Kingdom of New Granada • Province of Cartagena de Indias • San Andrés y Providencia Islands • Kingdom of Venezuela • Province of Trinidad Sweden • Saint-Barthélemy Sweden–Norway • Cooper Island • Saint-Barthélemy (1814–1878) United Kingdom • The Bahamas • Barbados • Belize • Jamaica • Leeward Islands • Antigua and Barbuda • Dominica • Saint Christopher (St Kitts)-Nevis • Trinidad and Tobago • Windward Islands • Grenada • Saint Lucia • Saint Vincent and the Grenadines ==South America==

Augsburg/Nuremberg • Welserland (Venezuela) France • Brazil (Rio de Janeiro briefly, and São Luís briefly) (see France Antarctique and France Équinoxiale) • Iles Malouines (Falkland Islands) Netherlands • Berbice (Guyana) • Demerara • Dutch colonisation of the Guianas, overview • Surinam (Suriname) • Essequibo • New Holland (Brazil – Half the captaincies) Portugal • Brazil • Cisplatina (Uruguay) • Sacramento • Misiones Orientales Spain and Castile Early colonial governorates • Kingdom of Tierra Firme • Governorate of New Andalusia • Governorate of Castilla de Oro • Governorate of New Castile • Governorate of New Toledo • Governorate of New León • Governorate of New Andalusia ====== Viceroyalty of New Granada ====== • Kingdom of New Granada • Province of Antioquia • Province of Cartagena de Indias • Province of Casanare • Province of Chocó • Province of New Pamplona • Province of Mariquita • Province of Neiva • Province of San Faustino • Province of Santa Fe de Bogotá • Province of Riohacha • Province of Santa Marta • Province of Socorro • Province of Tunja • Kingdom of Quito • Province of Quito • Province of Macas • Province of Guayaquil • Province of Jaén de Bracamoros • Province of Maynas • Province of Cuenca • Province of Popayán • Kingdom of Venezuela • Province of Caracas • Province of Barinas • Province of Maracaibo • Province of Margarita • Province of Trinidad • Province of Cumaná • Province of Guayana ====== Viceroyalty of Peru ====== • Kingdom of Perú • Province of Lima • Province of Huancavelica • Province of Arequipa • Province of Huamanga • Province of Tarma • Province of Trujillo • Kingdom of Chile • Province of Santiago de Chile • Province of Concepción • Province of Chiloé • Province of Araucanía ====== Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata ====== • Kingdom of Charcas • Province of Chuquisaca • Province of Cochabamba • Province of La Paz • Province of Potosí • Province of Chiquitos • Province of Moxos • Upper Peru • Kingdom of Buenos Aires'''''' • Province of Paraguay • Province of Buenos Aires • Province of the Guaraní Missions • Province of Montevideo • Province of Córdoba • Province of Salta United Kingdom • British Guiana • Berbice, Essequibo, Demerara • Surinam ==Africa==

Belgium • Belgian Congo (Democratic Republic of the Congo) • Ruanda-Urundi (Rwanda and Burundi) Brandenburg • Arguin (in Mauritania) • Brandenburger Gold Coast (coastal settlements in Ghana) Courland • St. Andrews Island (in the Gambia) Denmark-Norway • Danish Gold Coast (coastal settlements in Ghana) France • Albreda (in The Gambia) • Comoros • French Dahomey (Benin) • French Algeria • French Cameroon (91% of modern Cameroon) • French Chad • French Congo (Republic of the Congo) • French Guinea (Guinea) • French Upper Volta (Republic of Upper Volta, Burkina Faso) • French Somaliland (Djibouti) • French Sudan (Mali) • French Togoland (Togo) • French Madagascar • Gabon • Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire) • Colonial Mauritania • French protectorate in Morocco (89% of Morocco) • Oubangui-Chari (Central African Republic) • Senegal • Senegambia and Niger • Upper Senegal and Niger • Colony of Niger • French protectorate of Tunisia Germany • German East Africa (Burundi, Rwanda, Tanzania) • German South-West Africa (Namibia) • Kamerun (split between Cameroon and Nigeria) • Togoland (split between Togo and Ghana) • Wituland (Lamu Island, owned by Kenya) Hospitaller Malta • Tripoli Italy • Italian East Africa • Italian Eritrea • Italian Somaliland (now Somalia) • Italian Libya Netherlands • Arguin Island (in Mauritania) • Dutch Cape Colony • Dutch Gold Coast (settlements along coast of Ghana, including El Mina) • Dutch Loango-Angola (Luanda, Sonyo and Cabinda) • Gorée (Senegal) • Moçambique (Delagoa Bay) • São Tomé • South Africa • Mauritius Portugal • Ajuda (Whydah, in Benin) • Portuguese Angola • Annobón • Cabinda • Cape Verde (Cabo Verde) • Ceuta • Fort of São João Baptista de Ajudá • Gorée (in Senegal) • Malindi • Mombasa • Algarve Ultramar (Morocco) • Agadir • Alcacer Ceguer • Arzila • Azamor • Mazagan • Mogador • Safim • Nigeria (Lagos area) • Mozambique • Portuguese Gold Coast (settlements along coast of Ghana) • Portuguese Guinea (Guinea-Bissau) • Quíloa • São Tomé and Príncipe • Tangier • Zanzibar • Ziguinchor Spain • Bona • Bougie • Jerba • Fernando Po and Annobon (insular Equatorial Guinea) • Oran • Port Guinea • Río Muni (mainland Equatorial Guinea) • Spanish Protectorate in Morocco • Spanish West Africa • Río de Oro • Saguia el-Hamra • Tarfaya Strip • Ifni Sweden • Swedish Gold Coast (coastal settlements in Ghana) United Kingdom • Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (Sudan) • Basutoland (Lesotho) • Balleland (Benin) • Bechuanaland (Botswana) • British East Africa (Kenya) • British Somaliland (Somaliland) • British Togoland (eastern Ghana) • British Cameroon (split between Nigeria and Cameroon) • British Mauritius • British Egypt • Khedivate of Egypt • Sultanate of Egypt • Kingdom of Egypt • Gambia Colony and Protectorate • Gold Coast (Ghana) • Colonial Nigeria • Niger Coast Protectorate • Northern Nigeria Protectorate • Southern Nigeria Protectorate • Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria • Northern Rhodesia (Zambia) • Nyasaland (Malawi) • Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate • Union of South Africa • British Cape Colony • Natal Colony • Orange River Colony • Transvaal Colony • South West Africa (Namibia) • Walvis Bay • Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) • Swaziland (Eswatini) • Tanganyika Territory (mainland Tanzania) • Uganda Protectorate • Sultanate of Zanzibar (insular Tanzania) ==West Asia==

France • Syria • Lebanon Netherlands • Jemen, Al Mukha (Mocca) • Mesopotamia (Iraq, Al Basrah) Portugal • Aden • Bandar Abbas (Iran) • Hormuz • Manama (Bahrain) • Muharraq Island (Bahrain) • Muscat (Oman) • Qeshm United Kingdom • Aden Protectorate • Bahrain • Cyprus • Mandatory Iraq • Sheikhdom of Kuwait • Muscat and Oman • Mandatory Palestine • Qatar • South Arabia • Emirate of Transjordan • Trucial States ==South Asia==

Indian Ocean Area Austria • Banquibazar & Cabelon • Nicobar Islands France • French Comoros • Isle de France (now Mauritius) • French Madagascar • French Seychelles Netherlands • Dutch Mauritius (now Mauritius) Portugal • Laccadive Islands (Lakshadweep) • Malé (Maldives) • Socotra United Kingdom • Mauritius • Seychelles • Maldives Mainland Denmark-Norway • Frederik Oerne Islands (Nicobar Islands) • Serampore • Tranquebar France • French India • Pondicherry • Karikal • Yanaon • Mahé • Chandernagore Netherlands • Dutch Bengal • Dutch Ceylon • Dutch India (Dutch Bengal, Suratte, Malabar, Coromandel) Portugal • Bombay • Calicut • Cambay • Cannanore • Ceilão • Chaul • Chittagong • Cochin • Dadra and Nagar Haveli • Daman and Diu • Goa • Hughli • Masulipatnam • Mangalore • Pegu • Surat • Syriam Sweden • Parangipettai United Kingdom • Territories of the EIC till 1858 • Territories of the British Raj after 1858 ==Asia-Pacific==

Austria • North Borneo France • East Asia • Indochina • Cambodia • Laos • Vietnam • Annam • Cochinchina • Tonkin Germany • German New Guinea • Bismarck Archipelago • Caroline Islands (Karolinen) • Kaiser-Wilhelmsland • North Solomon Islands • Gilbert Islands • German Samoa • Marshall Islands • Nauru • Northern Marianas Islands (Marianen) • Palau Netherlands • Dutch East Indies (Indonesia) • Dutch New Guinea (Western Part of Papua, Indonesia) • Malacca • Dutch Formosa Portugal • Flores • Macau • Malacca • Moluccas • Ambon • Ternate • Tidore • Portuguese Timor (Timor-Leste) • Solor Spain • Spanish East Indies • Philippines • Marianas Islands • Guam • Northern Marianas Islands • Caroline Islands • Marshall Islands United Kingdom • British Burma • Australia • New South Wales • Queensland • South Australia • Swan River Colony/Western Australia • Van Diemen's Land (Tasmania) • Victoria • British Solomon Islands • British Western Pacific Territories • Christmas Island • Cocos Islands • Colonial Fiji • Gilbert and Ellice Islands (Kiribati & Tuvalu) • Kingdom of Rarotonga (Cook Islands) • New Zealand • Auckland Islands • Niue • Norfolk Island • Territory of Papua and New Guinea • Territory of New Guinea • Western Samoa • Phoenix Islands (part of Kiribati) • Solomon Islands • Territory of Papua • Tokelau • Tonga • Southeast Asia • Malaysia • British Malaya • Federated Malay States • Straits Settlements • Unfederated Malay States • British Borneo • North Borneo • Kingdom of Sarawak • Brunei • Singapore • China • Hong Kong ==Europe==

Denmark • Iceland Italy • Albania • Dodecanese Spain • Spanish Netherlands • Duchy of Milan • Kingdom of Naples • Kingdom of Sicily Norway • Iceland • Faroe Islands • Isle of Man, Northern Isles, Hebrides United Kingdom • Cyprus • Ionian islands (now part of Greece) • Ireland • Malta • Menorca (now part of Spain) • Heligoland (now part of Germany) ==See also==