was one of the first Gold Glove recipients, in 1957 For the first four seasons of the award (1957 to 1960), individual awards were presented to
left fielders,
center fielders, and
right fielders. From 1961 through 2010, the phrase "at each position" was no longer strictly accurate, since the prize was presented to three
outfielders irrespective of their specific position. Any combination of outfielders, often three center fielders, could win the award in the same year. Starting in 2011, separate awards for each outfield position were once again presented. In the 1985 American League voting, a tie for third-place resulted in the presentation of Gold Glove Awards to four outfielders (
Dwayne Murphy,
Gary Pettis,
Dwight Evans and
Dave Winfield); this scenario was repeated in the National League in 2007 (
Andruw Jones,
Carlos Beltrán,
Aaron Rowand, and
Jeff Francoeur).
Criticism Before the involvement of the
Society for American Baseball Research (SABR) in the voting process in 2013,
The Boston Globe writer Peter Abraham argued the
Fielding Bible Awards "are far more accurate (and accountable)" than the Gold Glove awards since statistics are used along with the opinions of an expert panel. The Gold Gloves are selected by managers and coaches who may have seen a player as few as six times during the season. Naturally, statistics can be contentious, and there is still no universally agreed system of fielding stats (even with
advanced metrics) in 2024; moreover, a manager gets to see each team in their league during a season, and can indeed form an opinion over that span of whom they felt was the best fielder at each position. Bill Chuck of
Comcast SportsNet New England claimed that Gold Glove voters frequently counted only
errors to determine winners. Geoff Baker of
The Seattle Times maintained the votes for the Gold Gloves rely largely on a player's past reputation. The
Associated Press proposed that "some fans have viewed the Gold Gloves as mostly a popularity contest, even suggesting that a player's performance at the plate helped draw extra attention to his glove." After winning the AL Gold Glove at first base in both 1997 and 1998,
Rafael Palmeiro won again in 1999 with the
Texas Rangers while only appearing in 28 games as a first baseman; he played in 128 games as a
designated hitter that season, resulting in a controversy.
Derek Jeter, winner of five Gold Gloves, believes that many defensive factors cannot be quantified. In 2013, Rawlings collaborated on the Gold Glove Award with SABR, who provided the SABR Defensive Index (SDI) to add a sabermetric component to the selection process. The index accounted for 25 percent of the vote, while managers and coaches continued to provide the majority. SABR and
FiveThirtyEight believed that the impact to the voting results by SDI, which is also included on the voters' ballots, went beyond its own 25% weight and also influenced the managers' and coaches' voting.
Multiple winners won 16 Gold Gloves, the most of any position player. The most Gold Gloves ever won by one player is 18 by
pitcher Greg Maddux. He won 13 consecutive awards from 1990 to 2002, all in the National League.
Brooks Robinson has the most wins for a position player, with 16 Gold Gloves, all at
third base, and is tied for the second-highest total overall with pitcher
Jim Kaat; both players won their 16 awards consecutively.
Iván Rodríguez has won the most Gold Gloves as a
catcher, with 13 career awards in the American League.
Ozzie Smith has 13 wins at
shortstop; he and Rodríguez are tied for the fourth-highest total among all winners. Among outfielders,
Roberto Clemente and
Willie Mays, who played primarily right field and center field, respectively, are tied for the lead with 12 Gold Gloves.
Keith Hernandez, the leader at
first base, has won 11 times, and
Roberto Alomar leads
second basemen with 10 wins. Other players with 10 or more wins include shortstop
Omar Vizquel (11), catcher
Johnny Bench (10), third basemen
Mike Schmidt (10), and
Nolan Arenado (10) and outfielders
Ken Griffey Jr.,
Ichiro Suzuki,
Andruw Jones, and
Al Kaline (10 each). The only player to win Gold Gloves as an infielder and outfielder is
Darin Erstad, who won Gold Gloves as an outfielder in 2000 and 2002 and as a first baseman in 2004, all with the
Los Angeles Angels. The only other player to win Gold Gloves at multiple positions is
Plácido Polanco, who won at second base (2007, 2009 AL) and third base (2011 NL). Family pairs to win Gold Gloves include brothers
Ken and
Clete Boyer (third base), brothers
Sandy Alomar Jr. (catcher) and
Roberto Alomar (second base), father and son
Bobby and
Barry Bonds (outfield), and father and son
Bob (catcher) and
Bret Boone (second base). The
2021 St. Louis Cardinals hold the record for most Gold Gloves by a single team in a single season with five. They also won the team Gold Glove for the National League in the same year. The St. Louis Cardinals are the first team to win 100 total Gold Gloves. ==Winners by year==