Negro and minor leagues On November 20, 1951, baseball scout
Ed Scott signed Aaron to a contract on behalf of the
Indianapolis Clowns of the
Negro American League, where he played for three months. Aaron started play as a , shortstop, and earned $200 per month. As a result of his standout play with the
Indianapolis Clowns, Aaron received two offers from MLB teams via
telegram, one from the
New York Giants and the other from the
Boston Braves. Years later, Aaron remembered: I had the Giants' contract in my hand. But the Braves offered fifty dollars a month more. That's the only thing that kept
Willie Mays and me from being teammates — fifty dollars. While with the Clowns he experienced
racism. Of a time his team was in
Washington, D.C. Aaron recalled: We had breakfast while we were waiting for the rain to stop, and I can still envision sitting with the Clowns in a restaurant behind Griffith Stadium and hearing them break all the plates in the kitchen after we finished eating. What a horrible sound. Even as a kid, the irony of it hit me: here we were in the capital in the land of freedom and equality, and they had to destroy the plates that had touched the forks that had been in the mouths of Black men. If dogs had eaten off those plates, they'd have washed them. The Howe Sports Bureau credits Aaron with a .366
batting average in 26 official Negro league games, with five
home runs, 33
runs batted in (RBIs), 41
hits, and nine
stolen bases. The Braves purchased Aaron's contract from the Clowns for $10,000, which GM
John Quinn thought was a steal, as he stated that he felt that Aaron was a $100,000 property. A teammate later said, "the man ate pork chops three meals a day, two for breakfast". The Braves assigned Aaron to the
Eau Claire Bears, the Braves'
Northern League Class-C farm team. and had such a dominant year that one
sportswriter was prompted to say, "Henry Aaron led the league in everything except hotel accommodations." The 1950s were a period of
racial segregation in parts of the United States, especially the southeastern portion of the country. When Aaron traveled around
Jacksonville, Florida, and the surrounding areas, he was often separated from his team because of
Jim Crow laws. In most circumstances, the team was responsible for arranging housing and meals for its players, but Aaron often had to make his own arrangements. The Braves' manager,
Ben Geraghty, tried his best to help Aaron on and off the field. Former Braves minor league player and sportswriter
Pat Jordan said, "Aaron gave [Geraghty] much of the credit for his own swift rise to stardom." That same year, Aaron met his future wife, Barbara Lucas. The night they met, Lucas decided to attend the Braves' game. Aaron singled, doubled, and hit a home run in the game. On October 6, Aaron and Lucas got married. In 1958, Aaron's wife noted that during the offseason, he liked "to sit and watch those shooting westerns". Aaron also enjoyed cooking and fishing. The stint in Puerto Rico also allowed Aaron to avoid being drafted into military service. Though the
Korean War was over, people were still being drafted. The Braves were able to speak to the
draft board, making the case that Aaron could be the player to integrate the
Southern Association the following season with the
Atlanta Crackers. The board appears to have been convinced, as Aaron was not drafted. On April 13, he made his major league debut and was hitless in five at-bats against the
Cincinnati Redlegs. In the same game,
Eddie Mathews hit two home runs, the first of a record 863 home runs the pair would hit as teammates. On April 15, Aaron collected his first major league hit, a double off
St. Louis Cardinals pitcher
Vic Raschi. Aaron hit his first major league home run on April 23, also off Raschi. and he hit his record-breaking 715th career home run off Dodgers pitcher
Al Downing, who coincidentally also wore number 44. At this point, Aaron was known to family and friends primarily as "Henry". Braves' public relations director Don Davidson, observing Aaron's quiet, reserved nature, began referring to him publicly as "Hank" in order to suggest more accessibility. The nickname quickly gained currency, but "Henry" continued to be cited frequently in the media, both sometimes appearing in the same article, and Aaron would answer to either one. During his rookie year, his other well-known nicknames, "Hammerin' Hank" (by teammates) and "Bad Henry" (by opposing pitchers) are reported to have arisen. While living in Milwaukee, Aaron resided in the Prinz House in Historic Brewers Hill. Considerably later in his career, Aaron coined "Stone-fingers", which would prove a popular handle for one of baseball's more colorful characters, the famously distance-hitting but defensively challenged first baseman
Dick Stuart, reportedly "delight[ing]" even its recipient.
Sal Maglie recommended throwing low
curveballs to Aaron. "He's going to swing and he'll go after almost anything," Maglie said of the Braves' slugger. "And he'll hit almost anything, so you have to be careful."
Prime of his career Aaron hit .314 with 27 home runs and 106 RBI in 153 games in 1955. He was named to the NL All-Star roster for the first time; it was the first of a record 21 All-Star selections and first of a record 25
All-Star Game appearances. In 1963, Aaron nearly won the
triple crown. He led the league with 44 home runs and 130 RBI and finished third in
batting average (.319). That season, Aaron became the third player to
hit 30 home runs and steal 30 bases in a single season, and the first player to record 40 home runs and 30 steals in a season. The Braves moved from
Milwaukee to
Atlanta after the 1965 season. On May 10, 1967, Aaron hit an
inside-the-park home run against
Jim Bunning in
Philadelphia. It was the only inside-the-park home run of his career. In 1968, Aaron was the first Atlanta Braves player to hit his 500th career home run, and in 1970, he was the first Atlanta Brave to reach 3,000 career hits.
Home run milestones and 3,000th hit During his time in Atlanta, Aaron reached several
milestones; he was only the eighth player ever to hit 500 career home runs, with his 500th coming against
Mike McCormick of the
San Francisco Giants on July 14, 1968—exactly one year after former Milwaukee Braves teammate
Eddie Mathews had hit his 500th. Aaron was, at the time, the second-youngest player to reach the milestone. On July 31, 1969, Aaron hit his 537th home run, passing
Mickey Mantle's total; this moved Aaron into third place on the career home run list, after
Willie Mays and
Babe Ruth. At the end of the 1969 season, Aaron again finished third in the MVP voting. In 1970, Aaron reached two more career milestones. On May 17, he collected his 3,000th hit, in a game against the
Cincinnati Reds, the team against which he played in his first major-league game. Aaron established the record for most seasons with 30 or more home runs in the National League. On April 27, 1971, Aaron hit his 600th career home run, the third major league player ever to do so. On July 13, Aaron hit a home run in the
All-Star Game (played at Detroit's
Tiger Stadium) for the first time. He hit his 40th home run of the season against the
Giants'
Jerry Johnson on September 10, which established a National League record for most seasons with 40 or more home runs (seven). At age 37, Aaron hit a career-high 47 home runs during the season (along with a career-high .669
slugging percentage) and finished third in MVP voting for the sixth time. As the year came to a close, Aaron broke
Stan Musial's major-league record for total bases (6,134). He finished the season with 673 career home runs. Aaron (then age 39) hit 40 home runs in 392
at-bats, ending the 1973 season one home run short of the record. He hit home run number 713 on September 29, 1973, and with one day remaining in the season, many expected Aaron to tie the record. However, in his final game that year, playing against the
Houston Astros (managed by
Leo Durocher, who had once roomed with Babe Ruth), Aaron was unable to achieve this. After the game, Aaron said his only fear was that he might not live to see the
1974 season. Aaron was the recipient of
death threats and a large assortment of hate mail during the 1973–74
offseason from people who did not want to see him break Ruth's nearly
sacrosanct home run record. The threats extended to those providing positive press coverage of Aaron.
Lewis Grizzard, then-executive sports editor of
The Atlanta Journal, reported receiving numerous phone calls calling journalists "nigger lovers" for covering Aaron's chase. While preparing the massive coverage of the home run record, Grizzard quietly had an obituary written, afraid that Aaron might be murdered.
Sports Illustrated pointedly summarized the
racist vitriol that Aaron was forced to endure: At the end of the 1973 season, Aaron received a plaque from the
U.S. Postal Service for receiving more mail (930,000 pieces) than any person excluding politicians. Aaron received an outpouring of public support in response to the
bigotry. In August 1973,
Peanuts cartoonist
Charles Schulz drew a series of strips in which
Snoopy attempts to break Babe Ruth's record, only to be besieged with hate mail. In the strip published August 11,
Lucy remarked to Snoopy: "Hank Aaron is a great player... but you! If you break Babe Ruth's record, it'll be a disgrace!" Coincidentally, Snoopy was only one home run short of tying the record (and finished the season as such when Charlie Brown got picked off second base during Snoopy's last at-bat), and as it turned out, Aaron finished the
1973 season one home run short of Ruth. Babe Ruth's widow,
Claire, denounced the racism and declared that her husband would have enthusiastically cheered Aaron's attempt at the record. As the 1974 season began, Aaron's pursuit of the record caused a small controversy. The Braves opened the season on the road in
Cincinnati with a three-game series against the
Cincinnati Reds. Braves management wanted him to break the record in
Atlanta and was therefore going to have Aaron sit out the first three games of the season. But
Baseball Commissioner Bowie Kuhn ruled that he had to play two games in the first series. He played two out of three and tied Babe Ruth's record on April 4, 1974, in his first at-bat on his first swing of the season—off Reds pitcher
Jack Billingham, but did not hit another home run in the series. The Braves returned to Atlanta, and on April 8, 1974, a crowd of 53,775 people showed up for the game—a Braves attendance record. The game was also broadcast nationally on
NBC. In the fourth inning, Aaron hit home run number 715 off
Los Angeles Dodgers pitcher
Al Downing. Meanwhile, Dodgers broadcaster
Vin Scully addressed the racial tension—or apparent lack thereof—in his call of the home run:
Milwaukee Brewers (1975–1976) On October 2, 1974, Aaron hit his 733rd home run in his last at-bat as a Braves player. Aaron commented after the game that it was his last time as a player in Atlanta as his contract had expired. While he considered retirement, he said that he was willing to return to baseball for another year. He had also said that he would be interested in serving as a team's general manager, someone who would make decisions and not a "house boy". The Braves offered Aaron a position with the team when he retired, but the role would be more in public relations, rather than one where he could evaluate talent. At the end of the season, Aaron, who had a prior relationship with Brewers owner
Bud Selig, requested a trade to Milwaukee. He was acquired by the
Milwaukee Brewers for
Dave May thirty-one days later on November 2.
Minor league right-handed pitcher Roger Alexander was sent to the Braves to complete the transaction at the
Winter Meetings one month later on December 2. The trade re-united Aaron with former teammate
Del Crandall, who was now managing the Brewers. Playing in the American League allowed Aaron to serve as a
designated hitter rather than play in the field. On May 1, 1975, Aaron broke baseball's all-time RBI record, previously held by Ruth with 2,213. That year, he also played in his last and 24th All-Star Game (25th All-Star Game selection); he lined out to
Dave Concepción as a
pinch-hitter in the second inning. This All-Star Game, like the first one he played in 1955, was before a home crowd at
Milwaukee County Stadium. Aaron hit his 755th and final home run on July 20, 1976, at
Milwaukee County Stadium off
Dick Drago of the
California Angels, which stood as the MLB career home run record for 31 years until it was broken in 2007 by
Barry Bonds. Over the course of his record-breaking 23-year career, Aaron had a batting average of .305 and 164 hits a season, while averaging nearly 33 home runs and 100 RBIs a year. He had 100+ RBIs in a season 11 times, including 5 years in a row between 1959 and 1963. ==Career overall==