MarketList of Germans who resisted Nazism
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List of Germans who resisted Nazism

This list contains the names of individuals involved in the German resistance to Nazism, but is not a complete list. Names are periodically added, but not all names are known. There are both men and women on this list of Widerstandskämpfer primarily German, some Austrian or from elsewhere, who risked or lost their lives in a number of ways. They tried to overthrow the National Socialist regime, they denounced its wars as criminal, tried to prevent World War II and sabotaged German attacks on other countries. Some tried to protect those who were being harmed and persecuted by the Nazis, others merely refused to contribute to the Nazi war effort. Most of those on the list worked with others; their affiliated resistance group or groups are listed. Where no group is mentioned, the individual acted alone.

A
's grave (1966) 1950 • Anton Ackermann (real name: Eugen Hanisch, 25 December 1905 Thalheim, Saxony – 4 May 1973 East Berlin) was an East German politician • (1876–1951) Deutsche Demokratische Partei (DDP), National Committee for a Free Germany in Switzerland • Wolfgang Abendroth (1906–1985) KPO, Neu Beginnen, ELAS • (1894–1949) DDPRobert Abshagen (1911–1944), KPDAlexander Abusch (1902–1982), KPD • (1888–1943), SPD, supporter of Polish resistance group organized by Ignaz Hulka • (1918–1995), White RoseEdgar André (1894–1936), KPD • (1885–1960), SPDAgnes Asche (1881–1966), SPD member, arrested for distributing illegal newspapers • Rosa Aschenbrenner (1885–1967), Rote HilfeJudith Auer (1905–1944), Saefkow-Jacob-Bästlein Organization • (1905–1975) SPD, International Transport Workers' FederationHermann Axen (1916–1992), KPD == B ==
B
Bruno Bachler (1924–2015), EdelweißpiratenLagi von Ballestrem (1909–1955), Solf Circle • (1897–1945), KPD • Karl Baier (1887–1973), Rote Hilfe • (1881–1931), KPD • Karl Barth (1886–1968), theologian, Confessing Church • (1906–1944), KPD • Bernhard Bästlein (1894–1944), Bästlein-Jacob-Abshagen Group and Saefkow-Jacob-Bästlein OrganizationAlbert Battel (1891–1952), WehrmachtHerbert Baum (1912–1942), KJVD, Herbert Baum Group • Marianne Baum (1912–1942), Herbert Baum Group • (1911–1988), SPD-RK • Artur Becker (1905–1938), KPD • Arno Behrisch (1913–1989), Socialist Workers' Party of Germany, ITF • (1896–1997), Catholic churchHans Beimler (1895–1936), KPD • Walter Beling (1899–1988), Résistance • (1895–1942), KPD • Helene Berg (1906–2006) • Hans Berger (1916–1944), laboratory assistant • (1914–2011), IKD, secretary of Oskar Schindler • (1913–2005) KPO • (1877–1949), Rote HilfeGustav Bermel (1927–1944), Ehrenfeld GroupEberhard Bethge (1909–2000), student of Dietrich Bonhoeffer • Wilhelm Beuttel (1901–1944), Rote HilfeKarl Biedermann (1890–1945), Wehrmacht, Operation Radetzky • Dagobert Biermann (1904–1943), KPD • Charlotte Bischoff (1901–1994), KPD, Red OrchestraPeter Blachstein (1911–1977), Socialist Workers' Party of Germany, SJVD, Neuer Weg Group • (1901–1943), KPD • Willi Bleicher (1907–1981), KPD, unionist • (1900–1965), Socialist Front • (1906–1941), Socialist Workers' Party of Germany, SJVD • Herbert Bochow (1906–1942), KPD • Franz Boehm (1880–1945), Roman Catholic parish priestGustav Böhrnsen (1914–1998) SPD, unionist • Hermann Böse (1870–1943), Communist resistance • Walter Bohne (1903–1944), Bästlein-Jacob-Abshagen Group • (1904–1943), Rote HilfeEugen Bolz (1881–1945), ZentrumsparteiDietrich Bonhoeffer (1906–1945), Confessing ChurchKlaus Bonhoeffer (1901–1945), Confessing ChurchErwin Bowien (1899–1972), Painter and author • (1897–1968), KPD • Willy Brandt (1913–1992), Socialist Workers' Party of GermanyOtto Brass (1875–1950), Deutsche Volksfront • Willi Bredel (1901–1964), KPD • Rudolf Breitscheid (1874–1944), SPD • Otto Brenner (1907–1972), Socialist Workers' Party of GermanyHein Brettschneider (d. 1944), KPD • Hermann Brill (1895–1959), Neu Beginnen, Deutsche Volksfront, Buchenwald Popular Front Committee • (1886–1944), SPD • Paul Bromme (1906–1975), Sopade, RSD • Arnolt Bronnen (1895–1959), Willy-Fred • (1893–1944), KPD, Bästlein-Jacob-Abshagen Group • (1889–1944), KPD, Bästlein-Jacob-Abshagen GroupEberhard Brünen (1906–1980), Socialist Workers' Party of Germany • (1889–1964), HeimwehrWerner Bruschke (1898–1995), SPD • "Appel" (1912–1978), KPD • (1889–1940), KPO • (1908–1980), Rote HilfeWilli Budich (1890–1938), Rote Hilfe • (1901–1934) KPD • (1905–1945) SPD • Ernst Busch (1900–1980), actor, KPD • Wilhelm Busch (1897–1966), Confessing Church == C ==
C
• (1916–1945), • Wilhelm Canaris (1887–1945), • Emil Carlebach (1914–2001), KPD • (1909–1988), KPD • (1909–1988), chemist • (1893–1935), Rote Hilfe • (1898–1945), Bästlein-Jacob-Abshagen Group • (d. 1942), KPD • (1894–1945), KPD • (1876–1945), SPD == D ==
D
Alfred Delp was an influential member of the Kreisau Circle - one of the few clandestine German Resistance groups operating inside Nazi GermanyJakob Dautzenberg (1897–1979), KPD • Alfred Delp (1907–1945), Catholic church • (1907–2000), Rote Hilfe • (1892–1973), SPD • Marlene Dietrich (1901–1992), actress and singer • (1908–1992), Socialist Workers' Party of GermanyWilli Dickhut (1904–1992), KPD • (1904–1993), SPD • Hans von Dohnanyi (1902–1945), Confessing ChurchLeo Drabent (1899–1944), Bästlein-Jacob-Abshagen GroupFritz Dressel (1896–1933), KPD • (1896–1976), Ernst Niekisch resistance movement == E ==
E
, ca. 1940 • Fritz Eberhard (1896–1982), ISKErwin Eckert (1893–1972), BRSD, KPD • Hugo Eckener (1868–1954), manager of the Luftschiffbau ZeppelinHans Ehrenberg (1883–1958), Lutheran theologian, a founder of the Confessing ChurchWilli Eichler (1896–1971), ISKErnst Hampel (1919–1945), communist • Elvira Eisenschneider (1924–1944), NKFD • (1901–1944), KPD • Georg Elser (1903–1945), acted alone • (1907–1942), KPD • August Enderle (1887–1959), Socialist Workers' Party of Germany • (1893–1944), KPD • (1895–1945), KPD • Leopold Engleitner (1905–2013), Jehovah's WitnessFritz Erler (1913–1967), Neu BeginnenAnna Essinger (1879–1960), Landschulheim HerrlingenErika Etter (d. 1945), KJVD • Walter Eucken (1891–1950), economist == F ==
F
, 1976 • Dora Fabian (1901–1935), Socialist Workers' Party of GermanyWalter Fabian (1902–1995), Socialist Workers' Party of GermanyMarianne Feldhammer (1909–1996), • (1913–1945), KPD • Hermann Fischer (1912–1984), Rote Hilfe and Brümmer Kleine resistance group • Karl Fischer (1893–1940), KPD • Mildred Fish-Harnack (1902–1943), Red OrchestraHerbert Frahm see Willy Brandt • Alfred Frank (1884–1945), KPD • Egon Franke (1913–1995), SPD • David Frankfurter (1909–1982), acted alone • (1909–1943), Neu BeginnenGeorg Fritze (1874–1939), BRSDAugust Froehlich (1891–1942), Catholic church • Paul Frölich (1884–1953), Socialist Workers' Party of GermanyEmil Fuchs (1874–1971), BRSDAlbert Funk (1894–1933), KPD • Max Fürst (1905–1978), author • (1894–1965), SPD == G ==
G
in Wattens , 1960 at Unterhaun cemetery • Johann Gahr (1880–1939), acted alone • Albrecht Gaiswinkler (1905–1979), Special Operations Executive spy • Clemens August Graf von Galen (1878–1946), Catholic churchWilli Gall (1908–1941), KPD • Jakob Gapp (1897–1943), Catholic churchMartin Gauger (1905–1941), Confessing Church, Kreisau CircleLisa Gavric (1907–1974), RésistanceHerta Geffke (1893–1973), Rote Hilfe • (1905–2002), ISK, ELAS • (1896–1933), KPD • Fritz Gerlich (1883–1934), journalist • Kurt Gerstein (1905–1945), Waffen-SS, Gerstein Report author • Eugen Gerstenmaier (1906–1986), Confessing ChurchJohann Geusendam (1866–1945), Rote Hilfe • (1916–2001), KPD • Peter Gingold (1916–2006), KPD • (1905–2002), Willy-Fred • Helene Glatzer (1902–1935), KPD • (1905–1973), SPD • (1892–1944), KPD • (1895–1964) SPD • Albert Goldenstedt (1912–1994), KPD, Rote Hilfe • Carl Friedrich Goerdeler (1884–1945), DVNP, Mayor of Leipzig • (1895–1933), KPD • (1908–1976), KPD • Kurt Julius Goldstein (1914–2007), KPD • Albert Göring (1895–1966), businessman and younger brother of Nazi leader Hermann • (1897–1949), AfA-Bund, Neu Beginnen, Covenant of Religious Socialists of GermanyHerta Gotthelf (1902–1963), SPD • Hugo Gräf (1892–1958), Rote HilfeWilli Graf (1918–1943), White Rose • (1921–2008), Special Operations Executive spy • Kurt Gregor (1907–1990), Rote HilfeKarl Grönsfelder (1882–1964), KPD • Maria Grollmuß (1896–1944), SPD • Anneliese Groscurth (1910–1996), European Union (resistance group)Georg Groscurth (1904–1944), European Union (resistance group)Helmuth Groscurth (1898–1943) Wehrmacht and Abwehr officer • (1905–1942), KPD • Otto Grotewohl (1894–1964), SPD • Karl Gruber (1912–1945), London "Free Germans" of the OSS (precursor to the CIA) • Karl Grünberg (1891–1972), KPD • (1921–1942), Rote Pfadfinder • Gustav Gundelach (1888–1962), KPD • (1925–1944), KPD == H ==
H
's tomb in the crypt of the Neumünster in 2010 - it is now differently marked with a modern sculpture for Else Hirsch on sidewalk in downtown Bochum • Georg Häfner (1900–1942), Catholic churchKurt Hälker (1922–2010), Résistance • (1903–1987), KPD • Elise Hampel (1903–1943), acted alone with husband Otto • Ernst Hampel (1919–1945), part of the Etter-Rose-Hampel group • Otto Hampel, (1897–1943), acted alone with wife Elise • Arvid Harnack (1901–1942), Rote Kapelle (Red Orchestra) • Werner Hansen (1905–1972), ISK • (1892–1944), KPD • Ulrich von Hassell (1881–1944), 20 July plotElli Hatschek (1901–1944) European Union (resistance group)Paul Hatschek (1888–1944) European Union (resistance group)Theodor Haubach (1896–1945), SPD • (1912–1951), Rote Hilfe • (1900–1973), KPO • (1881–1952), Rote Hilfe • (1899–1967), Catholic churchRudolf-Ernst Heiland (1910–1965), IKD • Ernst Heilmann (1881–1940), SPD • (1890–1946), SPD, Reichsbanner • (1889–1955), Bekennende Kirche • (1910–1944), KPD, Robert Uhrig Group • (1903–1942), Catholic church • (1910–1942), IKD • Georg Henke (1908–1986), KPD • Albert Hensel (1895–1942), KPD • Liselotte Herrmann (1909–1938), KPD • (1903–1943) • (b. 1906), National Committee for a Free GermanyHeinz Heydrich (1905–1944), younger brother of Reinhard Heydrich ("The Butcher of Prague") • Friedrich Hielscher (1902–1990), Konservative RevolutionRainer Hildebrandt (1914–2004), Haushofer-Kreis • Else Himmelheber (1905–1944), resistance group in Schlotterbeck aus Luginsland • (1900–1990), Trotzkyist • Else Hirsch (1889–1942 or 1943), schoolteacher, organized 10 children's transports out of Germany • (1889–1937), SPD • Walter Hochmuth (1904–1979), KPD • (1880–1945), SPD • (1902–1945), Saefkow-Jacob-Bästlein OrganizationErich Honecker (1912–1994), KPD • (d. 1944), KPD • Wilm Hosenfeld (1895–1952), Nazi Captain who hid and rescued many Polish people, including Władysław SzpilmanKurt Huber (1893–1943), White RoseHelmuth Hübener (1925–1942), Hamburg Vierergruppe (German Resistance) • (1921–2002) • Alois Hundhammer (1900–1974), at the time, the youngest member of the Bavarian LandtagPeter Hüppeler (1913–1944), Ehrenfeld Group == I ==
I
Karl Ibach (1915–1990), KPD • (1906–1988), Socialist Workers' Party of Germany • (1904–1983), SPD, party chairman of Sopade, Belgium == J ==
J
, 1964 stamp from the DDR during a Jugendweihe, 1972 • Franz Jacob (1906–1944), KPD, Bästlein-Jacob-Abshagen Group, Saefkow-Jacob-Bästlein OrganizationKatharina Jacob (1907–1989), KPD, Bästlein-Jacob-Abshagen Group • (1885–1935), elected legislator from Prussia SPD • Rudolf Jacobs (1914–1944), (in Italy, naval officer, partisan in Italy with "Ugo Muccini" Garibaldi brigade) • Hildegard Jadamowitz (1916–1942), KPD, Herbert Baum Group • Franz Jägerstätter (1907–1943), Austrian conscientious objector • Frieda (Friedel) and Rudolf Jahn (d. 1951), Covenant of Religious Socialists of GermanyHans Jahn (1885–1960), International Transport Workers' Federation • (1897–1964), Confessing ChurchHans Jendretzky (1897–1992), KPD • Marianne Joachim (1921–1943), Herbert Baum Group • (1900–1999), KPD • (1908–1944), KPD • Franz Jung (1888–1963), KAPD and Rote Kämpfer • (1903–1945), KPD • (1902–1975), IKD == K ==
K
Otto Kahn-Freund (1900–1979) Jurist • Gustav Ritter von Kahr (1862-1934) • Jakob Kaiser (1888–1961) Zentrumspartei • (1913–2006), ISKHeinz Kapelle (1913–1941), KPD • (1907–1967), ISK and Independent Socialist Union • Erich Kästner (1899 – 1974), author of The Parent TrapFriedrich Kellner (1885–1970), SPD • Kilian Kirchhoff (1892–1944), Catholic church • Johanna Kirchner (1884–1944), SPD, Rote HilfeErnst Kirchweger (1898–1965), KPÖHeinz Kiwitz (1910–1938), ASSOMichael Kitzelmann (1916–1942), Lieutenant in the Wehrmacht • Erich Klausener (1885–1934), Zentrumspartei, Catholic church • (1883–1944), KPD • Walter Klingenbeck (1924–1943), Munich Vierergruppe (German Resistance) • (1891–1944), Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold and Protestant teenagers' group • Rudolf Klug (1905–1944), KPD • Wilhelm Knöchel (1899–1944), KPD • (1906–1971), SPD, Neu Beginnen • (1893–1944), KPD • Gertrud Koch (1924–2016), EdelweißpiratenHans Koch (1893–1945), Jurist, Confessing ChurchWerner Koch (1910–1994), Pastor, Confessing Church, brother of Hans Koch • (1909–2002), ISKBernard Koenen (1889–1964), Rote Hilfe and National Committee for a Free Germany • (1915–1988), Rote HilfeOlga Körner (1887–1969), KPD • Fritz Kolbe (1900–1971), acted alone • Otto Korfes (1889–1964), National Committee for a Free Germany • (1901–1943), KPD • Walter Kraemer (1892–1941), KPD • (1916–1944), Austrian Catholic, supported French Resistance (acting alone) • Hilde Kramer (1900–1974), SAPDHeinrich Kratina (1906–1944), Ehrenfeld GroupWilhelm Kratz (1902–1944), Ehrenfeld Group • (1887–1950) • Johann Krausen (1887–1944), Ehrenfeld GroupWilli Kreikemeyer (1894–1950), KPD • (1917–2004), RésistanceLothar Kreyssig (1898–1986), Jurist (only judge to intervene in Aktion T4 euthanasia operation), Confessing Church • (1907–1937), KPD • Maria Krüger (1907–1987), Rote HilfeAlfred Kubel (1909–1999), ISKAdam Kuckhoff (1887–1943), Red OrchestraGreta Kuckhoff (1902–1981), Red OrchestraHeinz Kühn (1912–1992), SPD • Otto Kühne (1893–1955), KPD and Résistance • Hansheinrich Kummerow (1903–1944), spy • Ingeborg Kummerow (1912–1943), spy • (1901–1943), KPD • Albert Kuntz (1896–1945), KPD • (1895–1944), KPD • (1887–1942), RSD == L ==
L
Max Lackmann (1910–2000), Protestant Church in Germany • (1909–1944) KPD • Erwin von Lahousen (1897–1955) military resistance • Fritz Lange (1898–1981), Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany, KPD, RotfrontkämpferbundPaul Langen (1893–1945) • Käthe Latzke (d. 1945), KPD • (1896–1977), Neu BeginnenRoland Lorent (1920–1944), Ehrenfeld Group • (1895–1961), SPD • (1898–1984) • (1906–1943 missing), KPD == M ==
M
Johann Maier (1906–1945) preacher, Regensburger DomHeinrich Maier (1908–1945), theologian • Adolf Maislinger (1903–1985), KPD • Maria von Maltzan (1909–1997), Solf CircleEva Mamlok (1918–1944), Berlin Jewish resistance • Thomas Mann (1875–1955), novelist • Maria Restituta (née Helene Kafka) (1894–1943), FranciscanHilde Meisel (Hilda Monte) (1914–1945), ISK • (1909–2007), KPD, RésistanceAugust Merges (1870–1945), • (1896–1945), • Max Josef Metzger (1887–1944), Catholic churchAlfred Meusel (1896–1960), sociologist, KPD • Herbert Michaelis (1898–1939), lawyer, KPD, Michaelis Group • Carlo Mierendorff (1897–1943), SPD • (1883–1964), KPD, Rote HilfeHelmuth James Graf von Moltke (1907–1945), founding member, Kreisau CircleKonrad Morgen (1909-1982), SS Investigating Judge and Reich Police Official • Mentona Moser (1874–1971), Rote HilfeErich Mühsam (1878–1934) • Josef Müller (1898–1979), Bavarian People's Party, Catholic resistance • Oskar Müller (1896–1970), KPD == N ==
N
Harry Naujoks (1901–1983), KPD • Theodor Neubauer (1890–1945), KPD • (1891–1943), Rote Hilfe • , SPD • Ernst Niekisch (1889–1967), publisher of Widerstand, Magazine for national revolutionary PoliticsKatja Niederkirchner (1909–1944), KPD • Martin Niemöller (1892–1984), Confessing Church • Karl Nolan (1891–1937), Rote Hilfe, KPD, father of Fritz and Anna Pröll (see P), one of the first Augsburg Nazi murder victims in Dachau concentration camp • (1892–1953), SPD • (1912–2003) Socialist Workers' Party of Germany == O ==
O
• (1912–2003), Aktion RheinlandMax Opitz (1890–1982), KPD • Rudolf Opitz (1908–1939), KPD • (1900–1978) • Carl von Ossietzky (1889–1938) • Hans Oster (1887–1945) == P ==
P
• (1892–1935) • Resi Pesendorfer (1902–1989), Willy-Fred • Toni Pfülf (1877–1933), member of the SPD • (1886–1965), Confessing Church • (1928–2001), Edelweißpiraten • (1906–1974), Rote Hilfe • (1920–1969), Westerweel Group • (1899–1933), KPD • (d. 1944), SS-Obersturmbannführer with contact with Wilhelm CanarisKarl Plagge (1897–1957), Wehrmacht officer, acted alone • (1906–1973), Communist Party OppositionSepp Plieseis (1913–1966), KPÖ, Willy-Fred • Felix Plewa (1906–1943), KPD • Harald Poelchau (1903–1972), Onkel Emil Group, Confessing Church, BRSDOttilie Pohl (1867–1943), USPD, Rote Hilfe in Berlin-Moabit • Johannes Popitz (1884–1945) • Hedwig Porschütz (1900–1977), Righteous among the Nations • Magnus Poser (1907–1945), KPD • (1900–1971), KPD • Bernard Povel (called Ben Povel) (1897–1952), Catholic textile manufacturer, ZentrumsparteiOlga Benario-Prestes (1908–1942), KPD • Konrad von Preysing (1880–1950), Catholic churchMarie Priess (1885–1983), Red OrchestraChristoph Probst (1919–1943), White RoseFritz Pröll (1915–1944), Rote Hilfe • (1896–1945), Rote Hilfe == R ==
R
Josef Raab (1899–1971), KPD • Siegfried Rädel (1893–1943), KPD • Adolf Reichwein (1898–1944), SPD • Franz Reinisch (1903–1942), Catholic church • (1907–1944), Bästlein-Jacob-Abshagen GroupJosef Reitzle (1910–1958), ELAS • (1898–1944), European Union (resistance group)Franz Rheinberger (1927–1944), Ehrenfeld GroupAlbert Richter (1912–1940), track cyclist • (1911–1970), Catholic church • (1908–1944), Robert Uhrig Group • (1886–1951), Socialist Workers' Party of Germany • (1897–1981), DDP Robinsohn-Strassmann Group • (1915–2008), CVJMBeppo Römer (1892–1944), KPD • Erwin Rommel (1891–1944), Wehrmacht • Augustin Rösch (1893–1961), Kreisau Circle, Catholic church • (1902–1991), Catholic church • (1901–1988), SPD • Anton Ruh (1912–1964), KPD • (1902–1975), SPD == S ==
S
Anton Saefkow (1903–1944), Saefkow-Jacob-Bästlein OrganizationHerbert Sandberg (1908–1991), KPD, Association of Revolutionary Visual ArtistsWilli Sänger (1894–1944), KPD • (ca. 1904–1997), Solf CircleKarl Schapper (1879–1941), CatholicWerner Scharff (1912–1945), • John Schehr (1896–1934), KPD • (1899–1945), KPD • Heinrich Scheuken (1902–1944), acted alone • (1898–1980), SPD • (1911–1944), KPD • Emilie Schindler (1907–2001), acted alone • Oskar Schindler (1908–1974), acted alone • Bartholomäus (Barthel) Schink (1927–1944), Ehrenfeld GroupFriedrich Schlotterbeck (1909–1979), KJD, KPD, Schlotterbeck Group • (1901–1976), SPD • Anton Schmid (1900–1942), Wehrmacht • (1899–1986), counsel, Socialist Workers' Party of Germany (affiliated) • Otto Schmirgal (1900–1944), KPD • Elisabeth Schmitz (1893–1977), theologian, resistance fighter, Confessing ChurchAlexander Schmorell (1917–1943), White RosePaul Schneider (1897–1939), pastor, Protestant Church in GermanyErnst Schneller (1890–1944), KPD • (1899–1976), Sopade, Neu BeginnenRichard Schönfeld (d. 1945) KPD • (1924–1942), RésistanceEugen Schönhaar (1898–1934), KPD • (1889–1933), KPD • Hans Scholl (1918–1943), White RoseSophie Scholl (1921–1943), White Rose • Roman Karl Scholz (1912–1944), Catholic churchFelice Schragenheim (1922–1942), unknown • (1892–1944), Communist Party OppositionKarl Schröder (1884–1950), • Friedrich-Werner von der Schulenburg (1875–1944), 20 July plotFritz-Dietlof von der Schulenburg (1902–1944), 20 July plotEduard Schulte (1891–1966), industrialist, acted alone • (1891–1945), • Josef Schulz (1909?–1941), Wehrmacht (disputed) • (1894–1935), KPD • Eva Schulze-Knabe (1907–1976), KPD • Elisabeth Schumacher (1904–1942) Red OrchestraKurt Schumacher (sculptor) (1905–1942) Red OrchestraGeorg Schumann (resistance fighter) (1886–1945), KPD • Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky (1897–2000), KPÖAdolf Schütz (1926–1944), Ehrenfeld GroupAlexander Schwab (1887–1943), • Günther Schwarz (1928–1944), Ehrenfeld GroupRudolf Schwarz (resistance activist) (1904–1934), KPD • Werner Seelenbinder (1904–1944), KPD • Willi Seng (1909–1944), KPD functionary • Robert Siewert (1887–1973), KPO, Buchenwald Resistance • (1898–1942), KPD • (1894–1955), KPD • Hanna Solf (1884–1954), Solf Circle • (1886–1951) • Richard Sorge (1895–1944), KPD spy for the Soviet Union • (1911–1944) Confessing ChurchClaus von Stauffenberg (1907–1944), 20 July plot • (1902–1942), KPD • Wilhelm Stein (d. 1944), KPD • Hans Steinbrück (1921–1944), Ehrenfeld Group • (1917–1942), Young Communist League of Germany, Herbert Baum Group • (1896–1934), Rote Hilfe • (1900–1933), KPD • (1897–1958), DDP, • Stefan Szende (1901–1985), Socialist Workers' Party of GermanyCarl Szokoll (1915–2004), Wehrmacht, == T ==
T
Elisabeth von Thadden (1890–1944), Solf CircleBruno Tesch (1913–1933), KPD • Ernst Thälmann (1886–1944), KPD • Fritz Theilen (1927–2012), Ehrenfeld GroupMatthias Theisen (1885–1933), KPD, SPD • Paul Thümmel (1902–1945), Abwehr, Czech ResistancePaul Tillich (1886–1965), Christian Socialist, American Friends of German Freedom, Council for a Democratic GermanyHenning von TresckowWalter Trier (1890–1951), illustrator of The Parent Trap == U ==
U
• (1890–1968), unionist resistance (DMV) • Robert Uhrig (1903–1944), KPD == V ==
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