The following list includes on-screen appearances. Some animals listed here have also made prior appearances in the novels.
Ankylosaurus Ankylosaurus first appears in
Jurassic Park III, through brief appearances. It was created by ILM entirely through CGI. and is one of several that he felt was deserving of a substantial scene.
Apatosaurus In the novel
Jurassic Park,
Apatosaurus is the first group of dinosaurs seen on
Isla Nublar. It is replaced by
Brachiosaurus in the film adaptation.
Apatosaurus also appears in the sequel novel
The Lost World, but is absent from its film adaptation as well.
Apatosaurus makes its first film appearance in
Jurassic World, with several individuals featured, including one depicted by an animatronic. Unlike earlier films which featured numerous animatronics, the
Apatosaurus was the only one created for
Jurassic World. Audio recordings of a
Harris's hawk were used for the moans of the wounded
Apatosaurus. To animate the
Apatosaurus, ILM used elephants as an example. Glen McIntosh, the animation supervisor for ILM, stated that "there are no existing animals that have such large necks, but in terms of the size and steps they're taking, elephants are an excellent example of that. Also the way their skin jiggles and sags. You also have impact tremors that rise up through their legs as they take steps".
Apatosaurus makes appearances in the subsequent
Jurassic World films. The primary animatronic had numerous motors to simulate movements such as breathing, blinking, and tail wagging. This was used for close interactions with the cast, while another animatronic was used in scenes where characters pick the creature up, and a third was used for lighting reference. Because of their abundant use of
3D-printed parts, these puppets weighed less than typical animatronics. In the novel, as well as Crichton's first drafts, the first dinosaur seen is instead an
Apatosaurus, but Tippett suggested changing it to
Brachiosaurus, which was larger. The film crew cut branches from high trees to mimic the
Brachiosaurus eating tree branches, and the animation team carefully synced the animation of the dinosaur's bites with the branch cuts. A later scene depicts characters in a high tree, interacting with a
Brachiosaurus. This scene required the construction of a -tall puppet that represented the animal's upper neck and head. Compared with fossilized remains, the puppet's head was roughly three times larger than its real-life counterpart. The film also inaccurately depicts the species as having the ability to stand on its hind legs, allowing it to reach high tree branches, and depicts the dinosaur as chewing its food, an idea that was added to make it seem docile like a cow. That scene included a
matte painting by
Christopher Leith Evans; it is the only scene in the film to use a matte painting. The
Brachiosaurus death was the last shot on the film to be finished. Bayona and the post-production team struggled to perfect the CGI, with only several days left to complete the scene. They worked through the final night to perfect the colors and composition, shortly before the film's release. Fans and film critics considered the death scene sad, with the latter describing it as "poignant" or "haunting", particularly given the species' role in the first film.
Compsognathus Procompsognathus appears in the novels, but is replaced by
Compsognathus in the film series. Their first film appearance is in
The Lost World: Jurassic Park. In the film, the character
Dr. Robert Burke, a paleontologist, identifies the dinosaur as
Compsognathus triassicus, which in reality is a non-existent species; the film combined the names of
Compsognathus longipes and
Procompsognathus triassicus. In Crichton's novels, the dinosaur is nicknamed "Compy" (plural: "Compies"), and this is used in the film series as well.
Dennis Muren, the film's visual effects supervisor, considered
Compsognathus the most complex digital dinosaur. Because of their small size, the Compies had their entire body visible onscreen and thus needed a higher sense of gravity and weight. A simple puppet of the
Compsognathus was used in the film's opening scene, in which the dinosaurs attack a little girl. Later in the film, they kill the character
Dieter Stark, who is played by
Peter Stormare. For Stark's death scene, Stormare had to wear a jacket with numerous rubber Compies attached.
Compsognathus make brief appearances in all subsequent films, with the exception of
Jurassic World. In the novels,
Procompsognathus is depicted with the fictitious feature of a venomous bite, although such a trait is not mentioned regarding their onscreen counterparts.
Compsognathus returns in the 2022 film
Jurassic World Dominion. A redesigned
Compsognathus can be seen a number of times in
Jurassic World Rebirth.
Dilophosaurus A fictionalized version of
Dilophosaurus appears in the first novel and its film adaptation, both depicting it with the ability to spit venom. The film's
Dilophosaurus also has a fictionalized
neck frill that retracts, and the dinosaur was made significantly smaller to ensure that audiences would not confuse it with the Velociraptors. While the real
Dilophosaurus was thought to have stood at around , the animatronic was only four feet in height. In addition to the animatronic, a set of legs was also created for a shot in which the dinosaur hops across the screen. The animal was originally designed to walk, but is not shown walking in the final film due to technical difficulties. In both the novel and its film adaptation, a
Dilophosaurus uses its venom on the character
Dennis Nedry before killing him. Spielberg had planned for the venom to be a yellow-green color, but decided on set that it looked too much like the pea soup in
The Exorcist, so it was changed. The production staff then tried Ultra-slime mixed with black food coloring, but the water made the Ultra-slime lose its stickiness. The final concoction was then produced. The venom left a stain on Nedry actor
Wayne Knight, causing problems when Knight went to film an episode of
Seinfeld. The idea for the frill was inspired by the
frilled lizard, and it was made to be brightly colored because some animals
use bright colors as a signal of danger. Because the head of the
Dilophosaurus was too small to fit all the mechanics that the animatronic would need, three interchangeable heads were made; the first head had its frill retracted, the second could expand and retract the frill, and the third had an extended, vibrating frill and could spit venom. The heads took between 60 and 90 minutes to change, so Spielberg took the opportunity to shoot other scenes during the downtime. Spielberg framed the shot of the
Dilophosaurus spitting in such a way that only the head is visible, which meant that the head could be used without being attached to the body. The dinosaur's vocal sounds are a combination of a
swan, a
hawk, a
howler monkey, and a
rattlesnake. Spielberg initially believed that the
Dilophosaurus would be the easiest dinosaur to film, although the scene proved harder to shoot that he had expected.
Dilophosaurus was popularized by its film appearance in
Jurassic Park, but is considered the most fictionalized dinosaur in the film. The dinosaur's venom is also referenced in a comedic park video featured in the film, in which tour guide
Jimmy Fallon is paralyzed by it. A living
Dilophosaurus was intended to appear in
Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom, but the scene was never filmed, as director Bayona decided that it was not necessary. The scene, set on board the
Arcadia ship, would depict the characters
Owen and
Claire encountering a
Dilophosaurus in a cage. Bayona believed that the
Arcadia scenes were long enough already.
Dilophosaurus appears in
Fallen Kingdom only as a
diorama, on display at
Benjamin Lockwood's estate. Instead, it was depicted with an animatronic controlled by 12 puppeteers. A
Dilophosaurus briefly appears in
Jurassic World Rebirth attempting to scavenge from a dead
Parasaurolophus and ward off one of the characters, only to be scared off by a slumbering
Tyrannosaurus.
Dimetrodon Dimetrodon is a
synapsid which existed before the dinosaurs, although it is often mistaken for one. Originally, Nolan's team was only budgeted to sculpt a
Dimetrodon head. However, lead sculptor David Darby continued to add on to the creature. According to Nolan, Darby "sort of got carried away and put the neck on in and then added legs and added the body". The nearly finished creature, minus a tail, remained within budget. The head sculpt was adjusted in accordance with feedback from Spielberg, who requested slight changes. It was the only creature in
Dominion to receive direct input from him. In the film, the species launch an attack on tourists after being released from an aviary. A full-scale
Dimorphodon head was also created. The sound of baby
brown pelicans were used as the vocal effects for the
Dimorphodon. It is a deformed
Tyrannosaurus rex with six limbs with two normal-sized arms, an enlarged forehead similar to a
Titanosaurus, and two pillar-shaped
gorilla-like arms. Director
Gareth Edwards said its design was inspired by the
xenomorphs in the
Alien franchise and the
rancors in the
Star Wars franchise. With its bulbous head, ILM's visual effects supervisor
David Vickery said "It's as if another animal has been wrapped around the T-Rex. Gareth wanted us to feel sorry for it as well as terrified, because its deformities have caused it some pain and there's an encumbrance to it." As a result, a test was required to see if digitally animating dinosaurs was even possible. ILM animator Eric Armstrong first built out the skeleton of a single
Gallimimus, then animated its run cycle. He then duplicated the skeleton to make a herd. All of the
Gallimimus used the same run cycle, which was manually tweaked slightly for each individual dinosaur to make them distinct. The
Gallimimus design was based on ostriches, and the animators also referred to footage of herding
gazelles. In the ILM parking lot, animators were filmed running around to provide reference for the dinosaurs' run, with plastic pipes standing in for a fallen tree that the
Gallimimus jump over. One of the animators fell while trying to make the jump, and this inspired the incorporation of a
Gallimimus also falling. The tree was carefully rigged to get jostled by wires and miniature explosives, so that when the
Gallimimus were
composited onto the footage, it would appear that they were moving the log. Horse squeals were used to provide the
Gallimimus vocal sounds.
Gallimimus returns in
Jurassic World, in which a running herd is depicted during a tour. The scene is a reference to the dinosaur's appearance in the first film, and was created by
Image Engine. The company's artists often viewed the species' original appearance for reference. In the film's climactic scene, the
Giganotosaurus is killed in battle when the
T. rex pushes it onto the claws of a
Therizinosaurus. The
Giganotosaurus went through many design changes, which included altering the number of spines along its back, as Trevorrow did not want it to resemble a
dragon. Animatronic creator John Nolan said the
Giganotosaurus was "probably the biggest challenge" for his team. The dinosaur was expected to take six months to build, but his team only had about three months to finish it, as the
COVID-19 pandemic cost them time. It was the largest dinosaur head ever created for any of the films. He later clarified the Joker reference, stating that it arose from a conversation with the artist who applied paint to the animatronic. According to Trevorrow, "it’s a question of like, 'Well, how do you want this thing to feel?' And then the Joker was my reference. I think [the initial comment] turned into a narrative as if it's like
literally the Joker, that was not my intention! Melting face makeup was the note I gave".
Indominus rex Indominus rex is a fictional
theropod dinosaur and the main antagonist in the film
Jurassic World. It is a
transgenic (or hybrid) dinosaur, made up of DNA from various animals. It was created by the character
Dr. Henry Wu, as requested by CEO Simon Masrani, to boost theme park attendance, although it later escapes. In the film, it is stated that the dinosaur's base
genome is a
T. rex, and that it also has the DNA of
Velociraptor,
cuttlefish, and
tree frog. The
film's promotional website states that the creature also has the DNA of theropods
Carnotaurus,
Giganotosaurus,
Majungasaurus, and
Rugops. The
Indominus is white in color, It can also sense thermal radiation. Other characteristics include its long arms, raptor hand claws, and small thumbs. It is able to walk on two or four legs. ILM's animation supervisor, Glen McIntosh, said: "The goal was to always make sure she felt like a gigantic animal that was a theropod but taking advantage of its extra features". In an earlier draft of the script, the film's dinosaur antagonist was depicted as a real animal, called the malusaurus, despite being a fictional species in reality. Trevorrow chose to rewrite it as a genetically modified hybrid dinosaur named
Indominus rex, to maintain consistency with earlier films, which had generally incorporated the latest paleontological discoveries. He said, "I didn't wanna make up a new dinosaur and tell kids it was real". Fans were initially concerned upon learning that the film would feature a hybrid dinosaur, Horner considered the concept of transgenic dinosaurs to be the most realistic aspect of the film, saying it was "more plausible than bringing a dinosaur back from amber". Trevorrow said the behavior of the
Indominus was partially inspired by the 2013 film
Blackfish, saying that the dinosaur "is kind of out killing for sport because it grew up in captivity. It's sort of, like, if the black fish orca got loose and never knew its mother and has been fed from a crane". In the film, it is stated that there were initially two
Indominus individuals, and that one cannibalized its sibling. Fifth-scale
maquettes of the
Indominus rex were created for lighting reference. The animal sounds used to create the
Indominus roars included those from big pigs, whales,
beluga whales,
dolphins, a
fennec fox,
lions, monkeys, and walruses. The name
Indominus rex is derived from the
Latin words
indomitus meaning "fierce" or "untameable" and
rex meaning "king". The creature is sometimes referred to as the
I. rex for short, although producer
Frank Marshall stated that the film crew abbreviated the name as simply
Indominus. In the film, the character
Hoskins proposes making miniature versions of the
Indominus as military weapons. The
Indominus is later defeated in a battle with a
T. rex (
Rexy), with the aid of a
Velociraptor (
Blue), and later killed by a
Mosasaurus. In
Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom, DNA is retrieved from a fragment of the
Indominus skeleton and is used to create the smaller
Indoraptor.
Indoraptor Indoraptor is a fictional hybrid dinosaur and the secondary antagonist in
Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom. In the film, it is created by Dr. Henry Wu as a
weaponized animal, using a bone fragment recovered from the deceased
Indominus rex, which included
Velociraptor DNA in its makeup. The
Indoraptor escapes at Benjamin Lockwood's estate and kills several people, before battling
Blue, a
Velociraptor. The
Indoraptor eventually falls to its death when it is impaled on the horn of a
ceratopsian skull, on display in Lockwood's library of dinosaur skeletons. The
Indoraptor has long human-like arms, Bayona chose black for the dinosaur's color to give the appearance of a black shadow, saying "it's very terrifying when you see the Indoraptor in the dark because you can only see the eyes and the teeth". one black and one white. The black
Indoraptor would kill the white one, in what Bayona considered similar to
Cain and Abel. The white
Indoraptor was ultimately removed from the script as the story was considered detailed enough without it.
Neal Scanlan provided the animatronics.
David Vickery, ILM's visual effects supervisor, said that Bayona wanted the
Indoraptor to look "malnourished and slightly unhinged". Its vocal sounds were created by combining noises from various types of animal, including chihuahua, pig, cougar, and lion. The sound of
dental drills was also used.
Mosasaurus Mosasaurus appears in
Jurassic World, as the first aquatic reptile in the films. Earlier drafts for
Jurassic Park III and
Jurassic Park IV (later
Jurassic World) had featured the aquatic reptile
Kronosaurus. The
Mosasaurus was suggested by Trevorrow, as part of a theme-park feeding show in which guests watch from
bleachers as the animal leaps out of a lagoon and catches its prey: a
shark hanging above the water. The bleacher seats are then lowered for a view of the mosasaur's aquatic
habitat. According to Trevorrow, the theme park expanded its method of DNA extraction beyond mosquitoes, saying, "There's iron in the blood and bones that's preserved the DNA". This allowed for the creature's inclusion "without having to answer the question, 'How the hell does a mosquito bite an underwater reptile?'" The
Mosasaurus was designed to resemble the dinosaurs created by Winston for the earlier films. Trevorrow said: "We made sure to give her a look and a kind of personality in the way we designed her face that recalled Stan Winston's designs for many of the other dinosaurs in this world. She looks like a
Jurassic Park dinosaur". Some criticized the
Mosasaurus for appearing to be twice the size of the largest known species. Horner said "the size of this one is a little out of proportion, but we don't know the ultimate size of any extinct animal". The film inaccurately depicts the
Mosasaurus with
scutes along its back, a trait that was based on outdated depictions of the creature. Audio recordings of a walrus and a beluga whale provided the
Mosasaurus roars. The
Mosasaurus is larger in
Fallen Kingdom compared to its appearance in the previous film. ILM animation supervisor Glen McIntosh cited this as an example of how "we sometimes have to fudge reality to make something work. From shot to shot, the mosasaurus often changed size slightly to make best use of each frame composition". Although
Mosasaurus was thought to have had a
forked tongue, McIntosh said the fictional animal was given a regular tongue to make it "more believable to most filmgoers", saying that "we'd played with its scale so much that we felt giving it a forked tongue would be too much". For
Jurassic World and its sequel, ILM referenced footage of breaching whales, which helped the team determine how to create realistic shots where the
Mosasaurus leaps from the water. and in
Jurassic World Dominion, where she is shown sinking a fishing boat. This scene consists entirely of footage from the television program
Deadliest Catch, The show's 16 seasons were evaluated for ideal shots that could be used in
Dominion, with the
Mosasaurus added in through CGI. The
Mutadons went through many design changes, some of which depicted the animal with multiple heads and varying limb configurations, as ILM sought a balance between science fiction and believability. Carlos Ciudad, a visual effects producer on the film, said: "Mixing a raptor and a pterosaur presented a tricky design challenge. Although it's portrayed as a failed experiment within the story, the creature still needed to feel grounded and realistic on screen."
Pachycephalosaurus Pachycephalosaurus appears in
The Lost World and its film adaptation. For the film, it was created as a dinosaur measuring eight feet long, though the real animal was long. Three versions of the
Pachycephalosaurus were created for filming: a full hydraulic puppet, a head, and a head-butter. The latter was built to withstand high impact for a scene in which the dinosaur head-butts one of the hunter vehicles using its domed skull. The puppet version was one of the most complex created for the film, and was used for a scene in which the dinosaur is captured. The legs were controlled through
pneumatics. Later research suggested that the animal's skull was not used for head-butting. In
Jurassic World, a
Pachycephalosaurus briefly appears on a surveillance screen in the park's control room.
Pteranodon Pteranodon, a pterosaur, makes a brief appearance at the end of
The Lost World: Jurassic Park. Earlier drafts of the script had featured
Pteranodon in a larger role, The finished film ends with escaped
Pteranodons flying away from Isla Sorna, as Johnston wanted an ending shot of "these creatures being beautiful and elegant". He denied, then later suggested, that the fleeing
Pteranodons would be included in the plot for a fourth film. Promotional material for the
Jurassic World films later explained that the escaped
Pteranodons were killed off-screen after reaching Canada. The
Pteranodons in
Jurassic Park III were created through a combination of animatronics and puppetry. Winston's team created a
Pteranodon model with a wingspan of , although the creatures are predominantly featured in the film through CGI. To create the flight movements, ILM animators studied footage of flying bats and birds, and also consulted a
Pteranodon expert. Winston's team also designed and created five
rod puppets to depict baby
Pteranodons in a nest, with puppeteers working underneath the nest to control them. For
Jurassic World, the
Pteranodon vocal effects were created using audio recordings of a mother
osprey, defending her chicks against another individual. A tiny
Pteranodon was seen caged at a fishing village in
Jurassic World Rebirth. The films depict
Pteranodon with the ability to pick up humans using its feet, although the actual animal would not have been able to do this.
Pyroraptor Pyroraptor appears in
Jurassic World Dominion, becoming one of the first fully
feathered dinosaurs in the film series. Various research and efforts were dedicated to properly simulating feather movements. This included the use of wind machines, foam latex, and silicone.
Quetzalcoatlus The pterosaur
Quetzalcoatlus makes appearances in
Jurassic World Dominion, including a sequence in which a group attack a cargo plane. Trevorrow was inspired to include such a scene after viewing footage of a sparrowhawk attacking a model airplane in flight. A particular shot in the film shows one of the animal's claws crashing into the plane's windshield. This was achieved through a special-effects rig and
cantilever, releasing the claws and slamming them into the windshield. The animal's CGI model proved to be a challenge, due to skin and muscle simulations in the wings, as well as the presence of fur along its back. After the previous films, the filmmakers wanted to replace the
T. rex with a new dinosaur antagonist.
Baryonyx was originally considered, before Horner convinced the filmmakers to go with his favorite carnivorous dinosaur:
Spinosaurus, an animal larger than the
T. rex.
Spinosaurus had a distinctive sail on its back; director
Joe Johnston said: "A lot of dinosaurs have a very similar silhouette to the
T-Rex... and we wanted the audience to instantly recognize this as something else". Winston's team created the
Spinosaurus over a 10-month period, beginning with a 1/16 maquette. This was followed by a 1/5 scale version with more detail, and eventually the full-scale version. while full body shots were created through CGI. The animatronic measured 44 feet long, It had 1,000
horsepower, compared to the
T. rex which operated at 300 horsepower. Johnston said: "It's like the difference between a family station wagon and a
Ferrari". For a scene in which the
Spinosaurus stomps on a crashed airplane, Winston's team created a full-scale
Spinosaurus leg prop, controlled by puppeteers. The leg, suspended in the air by two poles, was slammed down into a plane fuselage prop for a series of shots. suggesting that the animal was primarily an aquatic dinosaur, whereas the film version was depicted largely as a land animal. The roars of the
Spinosaurus were created by mixing the low guttural sounds of a lion and an alligator, a bear cub crying, and a lengthened cry of a large bird that gave the roars a raspy quality. In
Jurassic Park III, the
Spinosaurus kills a
T. rex during battle. Some fans of the series were upset with the decision to kill and replace the
T. rex. A skeleton of
Spinosaurus is featured in
Jurassic World, on display in the theme park. The skeleton is later destroyed when a
T. rex is set free and smashes through it, meant as revenge for the earlier scene in
Jurassic Park III. A
Spinosaurus appears in the fourth and fifth seasons of the animated television series
Jurassic World Camp Cretaceous, premiered in 2021 and 2022. The dinosaur serves as one of several threats to the main characters. Executive producer Scott Kreamer suggested it is the same
Spinosaurus featured in
Jurassic Park III. Fellow executive producer
Colin Trevorrow, when asked if it is the same one, responded "My instinct is actually, no, because it sounds different, but I'm a nerd. So what I don't want to do is mess it up for everyone making
Camp Cretaceous. I'm going to screw this up for them. I found it to be a slightly different animal, like on sight and on sound". The show's
Spinosaurus design is based on the original ILM files created for
Jurassic Park III. In the fifth season, the
Spinosaurus engages in battles with a
T. rex, providing fans a long-awaited rematch between the two dinosaurs. In the final battle, the
Spinosaurus retreats when a second
T. rex joins in. Several sea-dwelling spinosaurs appear in
Jurassic World Rebirth, with a redesign to reflect newer research. It makes only a brief appearance near the end of
Jurassic World, when an image of the dinosaur is visible on a computer screen in Dr. Henry Wu's laboratory. The dinosaur also appears in the video games
Jurassic World: The Game (2015),
Jurassic World Alive (2018) and
Jurassic World Evolution (2018).
Stegosaurus Stegosaurus appears in the
Jurassic Park novel but was replaced by
Triceratops for the film adaptation.
Stegosaurus instead made its film debut in
The Lost World: Jurassic Park, after writer
David Koepp took a suggestion from a child's letter to include the dinosaur. According to Spielberg,
Stegosaurus was included due to "popular demand". Winston's adult
Stegosaurus was long and tall, and is only shown in a brief shot, in which the animal is caged. The baby
Stegosaurus was long and weighed . Horner was surprised by the inclusion of
Stygimoloch, whose existence was considered doubtful by him and other paleontologists; they believed the animal to actually be a juvenile form of
Pachycephalosaurus rather than a separate dinosaur. For its return in
Dominion, animatronic designer John Nolan studied modern animals which also headbutt. This inspired a scene in which the
Stygimoloch is captive in an anti-ramming cage; the animal's front half was constructed and visible, while a puppeteer performed its thrashing movements from behind.
Therizinosaurus Therizinosaurus is introduced in
Jurassic World Dominion, becoming one of the first fully
feathered dinosaurs to appear in the film series. The animal's appearances include a sequence in which it stalks Claire in a forest. The filmmakers relied on paleontological discoveries for the dinosaur's design, but also sought to have it resemble Winston's animatronics. The feathers, movements, and stalking behavior were based on research into various birds, including ostriches, emus, and cassowaries. It was portrayed through an animatronic, created by Winston's team, that required eight puppeteers to operate. The idea of Grant lying on the belly of the
Triceratops as it breathed was improvised by Spielberg, who was overcome by the realism of the animatronic. The design of the
Triceratops was inspired by
elephants and
white rhinoceroses. The animatronic's initial paint job was too pristine, and Winston sprayed it with a hose and caked it in mud to make it look lived-in. The
Triceratops feces was made of clay, mud, and straw, then covered in honey and papaya to attract flies. Removing the scene allowed about $500,000 to be removed from the budget.
Triceratops makes brief appearances in each of the subsequent films. In
The Lost World: Jurassic Park, a baby
Triceratops was created by Winston's team for a shot depicting the animal in a cage.
Triceratops returns in
Jurassic World: Dominion.
Tyrannosaurus Tyrannosaurus is the primary dinosaur featured in the novels and throughout the film series. The roars of the
T. rex were created by mixing the recorded vocals of a baby elephant, a tiger, and an alligator.
Rexy '' skeletal diagram, which was the basis for the cover of the novel and subsequently the logo of the films For the first film, Winston's team created an animatronic
T. rex that stood , weighed , and was long. The same
T. rex individual appears throughout the
Jurassic World trilogy, and has since become commonly known as "Rexy" among fans.
The Lost World A
Tyrannosaurus family is featured in
The Lost World: Jurassic Park. The animatronics weighed nine tons each and cost $1 million apiece.
Michael Lantieri, the film's special effects supervisor, said, "The big T. rex robot can pull two Gs of force when it's moving from right to left. If you hit someone with that, you'd kill them. So, in a sense, we did treat the dinosaurs as living, dangerous creatures". As part of this sequence, an 80-foot track was built into the sound stage floor, allowing the
T. rexes to be moved backward and forward.
Others A
T. rex appears only briefly in
Jurassic Park III, which instead uses a
Spinosaurus as the main antagonist. In the film, a
T. rex is killed in a battle against a
Spinosaurus. although Crichton used the name
Velociraptor because he thought it sounded more dramatic. For their on-screen appearances, the raptors were created using a variety of production methods, including animatronics, CGI, and
men in suits. Since the first film's release, it has been discovered that
Velociraptors had feathers, although later films such as
Jurassic World have ignored this, maintaining consistency with the designs used in earlier films. At Spielberg's suggestion,
Jurassic World introduced the concept of a dinosaur researcher,
Owen Grady, who has a close relationship with velociraptors. One such individual, named Blue, returns in the next two
Jurassic World films and has become a fan favorite. Raptors also appear in
Jurassic World Rebirth.
Other creatures In the first film, a replica skeleton of
Alamosaurus is present in the Jurassic Park visitor center.
Parasaurolophus made a brief debut in the first film and has appeared in each one since then,
Ceratosaurus and
Corythosaurus are introduced in
Jurassic Park III, through brief appearances.
Baryonyx and
Carnotaurus were among dinosaurs created through CGI. including a scene in which the dinosaur is shown licking Owen after he has been
sedated. Animator Jance Rubinchik described this as the dinosaur's motherly instinct to save Owen. The scene was shot using a prop tongue. The film depicts
Sinoceratops as having holes in its frill, although in reality the frill would have been covered in skin. In
Fallen Kingdom, the skull of an unnamed
ceratopsid is kept on display in Benjamin Lockwood's estate. Production designer
Andy Nicholson said "we were quite conscious that it couldn't be a
Triceratops because it wouldn’t have been big enough to kill the
Indoraptor. With that in mind, we created a new genus which was an amalgamation of two different ceratopsians". Several creatures appear in the film as
dioramas, on display in Lockwood's estate. These include
Concavenator,
Mononykus,
Dracorex, and
Diplodocus.
Allosaurus returns in
Battle at Big Rock, which also introduces
Nasutoceratops.
Jurassic World Dominion introduces several creatures, including
Atrociraptor, which Trevorrow described as more vicious than the
Velociraptors. Another new creature is
Lystrosaurus, a
therapsid rather than a dinosaur, which is portrayed with the use of an animatronic handled by five puppeteers. also makes its series debut in
Dominion. and
Nasutoceratops. The prologue for
Dominion introduces several other creatures, including
Dreadnoughtus,
Iguanodon, and
Oviraptor. It also features
Moros, a small, feathered member of the tyrannosaur family that was
described in 2019. The Moros depicted appears to be juvenile. However, in the
Jurassic World Evolution games, the tiny specimen is the adult variation.
Moros also appears in the film itself,
Dreadnoughtus appears several times as well, through CGI. An
Oviraptor appears in a deleted scene, in which it is forced to fight a
Lystrosaurus which bites its head off.
Rebirth also introduces the pterosaur
Anurognathus. ==See also==