MarketSão Mateus, Espírito Santo
Company Profile

São Mateus, Espírito Santo

São Mateus is the eighth oldest municipality in Brazil and the seventh most populous in the state of Espírito Santo. Founded on September 21, 1544, it gained municipal autonomy in 1764. Originally named Povoado do Cricaré, it was renamed São Mateus in 1566 by Father Joseph of Anchieta. According to 2022 Census, its population is approximately 123,750 inhabitants. São Mateus is considered a milestone in the colonization of Espírito Santo's territory.

Etymology
From its founding in 1544 until the mid-16th century, the small settlement along the banks of the São Mateus River was known as Povoação do Cricaré. The name São Mateus honors the evangelist Matthew, as Father Joseph of Anchieta, during one of his pilgrimages through the then Captaincy of Espírito Santo in 1566, celebrated a mass on September 21, Saint Matthew's Day. Following the custom of naming places and geographical features after the saint of the day, Anchieta renamed the Povoação do Cricaré to São Mateus. == History ==
History
Pre-Cabral period Before Portuguese colonization, the São Mateus region was inhabited by Aimorés, also known as Botocudos. Funerary urns found in the Barra Nova region in the 1960s, along with ceramic pieces unearthed near the Roberto Silvares Hospital in 1998, are attributed to the Tupi ethnic group, to which the Aimorés do not belong, and are dated from the 10th century to the 16th century. Manuscripts from the early colonization period report the presence of cannibalistic Indians in the region. Unlike other Tupi Indians, these did not know how to swim but were skilled at rowing and working with clay. More likely, the first colonists came from the neighboring Captaincy of Porto Seguro, led by Pero do Campo Tourinho. The earliest documented Portuguese presence in the region relates to the Battle of Cricaré, which occurred in late January 1558. Another record is a letter describing a Jesuit mission by Father Fernão Cardin, who visited the Village of São Mateus in September 1583. The arrival of slave ships at the Port was eagerly anticipated by the population, especially buyers, hoping to select the best ones. Onboard, enslaved Africans were prepared: men and women were oiled, wounds and tumors covered with rust and gunpowder, and in cases of intestinal infections, their anuses were stuffed with tow. Once disembarked, chained in single file, they were driven to the market, where their physical condition and tribal origins were examined. Preference was given to those with slender shins, heels set back, and small buttocks, deemed ideal for fieldwork. Notably, São Mateus recorded the seizure of the last clandestine slave ship on the Brazilian coast in 1856, following the 1850 law banning the African slave trade. According to municipal registry records, slave prices rose significantly from 1868, reaching 1,028,500 réis for men and 1,018,750 réis for women, a sharp increase from the previous year's averages of 375,000 réis for men and 637,916 réis for women. These changes caused internal conflicts in the Kingdom of Italy, severely impacting its northern regions' populations. Simultaneously, the 1888 abolition of slavery led to a shortage of skilled labor for coffee plantations. In São Mateus, the first group of Italians arrived at the Port in 1887, at the request of the Baron of Aimorés, who, anticipating the abolition of slavery, requested immigrants from the Kingdom of Italy's consulate in Brazil to work on his farm along the Cravo Waterfall on the São Mateus River. Successive arrivals of Italian immigrants continued at the old port until the end of the 19th century. Upon arrival, they were treated similarly to enslaved Africans, displayed in public squares for landowners to select. They were forced to show their hands for inspection; those with rough, calloused hands were chosen for farm work, while those with soft hands were labeled lazy and left to fend for themselves at the port. Elevation to village status With the discovery of gold in Minas Gerais in the second half of the 17th century, the Portuguese government, fearing loss of control, took measures to prevent adventurers from accessing the mines. In 1764, Thomé Couceiro de Abreu, the ombudsman of the Captaincy of Porto Seguro, following orders from the Portuguese Crown, extended beyond his captaincy's territorial limits to elevate the settlement to village status. This was deemed necessary to prevent intrusions via the São Mateus River into the newly discovered gold mines. The chosen name, Villa Nova do Rio de São Mateus, was the same given by Anchieta. This occurred on September 27, 1764. Creation of the municipality On April 3, 1848, by decree of the president of the then Province of Espírito Santo, Dr. Luiz Pedreira de Couto Ferraz, Villa Nova do Rio São Mateus was elevated to city status, retaining the name São Mateus given by the first colonizers. The people of São Mateus learned of this news after April 13, 1848, when correspondence was sent to the municipal council. To celebrate, a grand festival was held on April 21, 22, and 23 of the same year. Upon becoming a municipality, São Mateus' territory spanned 13,588 km², equivalent to 29.8% of Espírito Santo's territory. The comarca was established on March 23, 1853. In 1935, the district of Barra de São Francisco was created, becoming a municipality through Decree-Law 15,177 on December 31, 1943. In 1949, the districts of Barra Nova, Boa Esperança, Nestor Gomes, and Nova Verona were established, with Nova Venécia gaining autonomy via State Law No. 767 on December 11, 1953. Boa Esperança became a municipality through State Law No. 1912 on December 28, 1963. In 1964, the districts of Barra Seca, Itauninhas, and Jaguaré were created, with the latter becoming a municipality on December 13, 1981, via Law No. 3445. == Geography ==
Geography
According to the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, the municipality's area is , making it the second largest municipality by area in Espírito Santo. Of this, is rural area and is urban area. Topography The topography of São Mateus is predominantly flat, with the municipal seat at above sea level. The central region consists of Tertiary plateaus with a gentle slope toward the coast, ranging from 30 to 100 meters in height. The western part features granitic formations up to 350 meters, while the coastal area is flat with flood-prone regions and dunes, not exceeding 4 meters in altitude. Three distinct soil types are found in the municipality: • Precambrian Zone: Predominantly gneissic, part of the Brazilian Crystalline Shield, extending from the Nestor Gomes district to the border with Nova Venécia. This soil type is also found in the bed of the São Mateus River. • Tertiary Zone: The predominant soil, characterized as dystrophic and podzolic red-yellow latosol, with medium to low fertility and a pH around . The São Mateus River Basin, also known locally as the Cricaré River, spans approximately . It drains ten municipalities across Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo, emptying into the Atlantic Ocean in Conceição da Barra. Its main tributaries include the Cotaxé River, also known as the North Branch of the São Mateus River, Preto, Mingal da Vovó River, Panela Velha River, and Pirapococa River. Notably, this river has a rare distributary, the Mariricu River. The city also has of coastline, Climate The climate of São Mateus is classified by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics as a tropical wet and dry climate (type Aw according to the Köppen classification), with an average annual temperature of around 24 °C, featuring rainy summers with high temperatures and milder winters. The annual precipitation index is approximately , with November and December being the wettest months. Air humidity is relatively high, with an insolation time of per year. ==Climate==
Climate
{{Weather box|width=auto | unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm {{cite web {{cite web {{cite web {{cite web {{cite web {{cite web Ecology and environment In São Mateus, the coastal region was historically dominated by restinga. In the plateaus and river valleys, the original cover was Atlantic Forest, rich in hardwoods. Most of the Atlantic Forest has been replaced by monoculture reforestation (eucalyptus), livestock farming, and crops such as coffee, coconut, and black pepper. However, some biodiversity persists in undisturbed patches, including bromeliads, orchids, indaiá palms, golden trumpet trees, pumpwoods, purple glory trees, and ferns. According to the National Institute for Space Research (INPE), in 2013, only (7%) of the municipality's area was covered by native vegetation, including of Atlantic Forest, of restinga, of mangroves, and of floodplain vegetation. Preserved areas are home to animals such as spiders, crabs, butterflies, and dragonflies among invertebrates; snakes, tortoises, and lizards among reptiles; frogs and toads among amphibians; parakeets, pigeons, thrushes, tanagers, and toucans among birds; and giant otters, capybaras, otters, and marmosets among mammals. == Demographics ==
Demographics
In 2010, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) recorded a population of inhabitants. According to the census that year, were men and were women. Of the total, lived in the urban area and in the rural area. According to 2014 statistics, the population was , ranking as the seventh most populous in the state. In 2010, inhabitants (25.80%) were under 15 years old, (68.56%) were aged 15 to 64, and (5.64%) were over 65. The life expectancy at birth was 75.6 years, and the total fertility rate was 2.0 children per woman. The Gini coefficient, measuring social inequality, was 0.577, where 1.00 is the worst and 0.00 is the best. The wealthiest 20% of the population accounted for 60.9% of the municipal income, 19.9 times higher than the 3.1% share of the poorest 20%. Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.7) id:sfondo value:rgb(1,1,1) id:barra value:rgb(0.6,0.7,0.8) ImageSize = width:700 height:340 PlotArea = left:50 bottom:50 top:30 right:30 DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:130000 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:50000 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:10000 start:0 BackgroundColors = canvas:sfondo BarData= bar:1764 text:1764 bar:1827 text:1827 bar:1940 text:1940 bar:1950 text:1950 bar:1960 text:1960 bar:1970 text:1970 bar:1980 text:1980 bar:1991 text:1991 bar:1996 text:1996 bar:2000 text:2000 bar:2006 text:2006 bar:2010 text:2010 bar:2015 text:2015 PlotData= color:barra width:20 align:left bar:1764 from:0 till: 453 bar:1827 from:0 till: 6255 bar:1940 from:0 till: 24250 bar:1950 from:0 till: 39850 bar:1960 from:0 till: 39706 bar:1970 from:0 till: 41147 bar:1980 from:0 till: 55083 bar:1991 from:0 till: 73830 bar:1996 from:0 till: 81894 bar:2000 from:0 till: 90460 bar:2006 from:0 till: 102955 bar:2010 from:0 till: 109067 bar:2015 from:0 till: 124575 PlotData= bar:1764 at: 453 fontsize:S text: 453 shift:(-10,5) bar:1827 at: 6255 fontsize:S text: 6,255 shift:(-10,5) bar:1940 at: 24250 fontsize:S text: 24,250 shift:(-10,5) bar:1950 at: 39850 fontsize:S text: 39,850 shift:(-10,5) bar:1960 at: 39706 fontsize:S text: 39,706 shift:(-10,5) bar:1970 at: 41147 fontsize:S text: 41,147 shift:(-10,5) bar:1980 at: 55083 fontsize:S text: 55,083 shift:(-10,5) bar:1991 at: 73830 fontsize:S text: 73,830 shift:(-10,5) bar:1996 at: 81894 fontsize:S text: 81,894 shift:(-10,5) bar:2000 at: 90460 fontsize:S text: 90,460 shift:(-10,5) bar:2006 at: 102955 fontsize:S text: 102,955 shift:(-10,5) bar:2010 at: 109067 fontsize:S text: 109,067 shift:(-10,5) bar:2015 at: 124575 fontsize:S text: 124,575 shift:(-10,5) Ethnicities and migration São Mateus is a multiracial city, originally populated by Indians, Portuguese, Africans, and, from the late 19th century, Italians. According to the 2010 IBGE census, based on self-declaration, the population consisted of pardos (57.29%), whites (28.17%), blacks (13.61%), Asians (0.83%), and indigenous people (0.09%). In the same year, inhabitants were Brazilian (99.88%), of whom were native-born (99.82%) and were naturalized Brazilians (0.06%), and were foreigners (0.12%). By region of birth, were born in the Southeast Region (88.77%), in the Northeast (9.47%), in the North (0.60%), in the South (0.35%), and in the Central-West (0.27%). were natives of Espírito Santo (78.56%), with born in the municipality (54.13%). Among the from other states (27.30%), Minas Gerais had the largest presence with residents (7.14%), followed by São Paulo with (2.02%), and Rio de Janeiro with (1.05%). Studies indicate that economic inequality disproportionately affects the black population, particularly women, who have lower education levels and wages. According to IBGE, the black population grew from 10,680 (1970 Census) to 77,112 (76.31% of 101,051) by 2006. Religion According to the 2010 census by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), São Mateus' population is predominantly composed of Roman Catholics (57.41%), Protestants (33.23%), people without religion (8.68%), and Jehovah's Witnesses (1.19%). There are also Spiritists (0.58%), followers of new Eastern religions (0.05%), Candomblé practitioners (0.05%), Umbanda practitioners (0.04%), esoterics (0.02%), and Buddhists (0.01%). Additionally, had undetermined or multiple religious affiliations (0.14%), and did not know how to answer. Roman Catholic Church According to the Catholic Church, São Mateus is part of the Ecclesiastical Province of Vitória do Espírito Santo, headquartered in Vitória. The city serves as the episcopal see of the Diocese of São Mateus, established by Pope Pius XII through the bull Cum Territorium on February 16, 1958, when it was separated from the then Diocese of Espírito Santo, now the Archdiocese of Vitória. The city's communities are governed by three parishes: the Parish of Saint Matthew in Centro, the Parish of Saint Daniele Comboni in Guriri, and the Parish of Saint Anthony in the Santo Antônio neighborhood. In October 2015, the Diocese of São Mateus had Dom Paulo Bosi Dal’Bó as its titular bishop, with Dom Aldo Gerna as emeritus bishop. At that time, the diocese included 30 diocesan priests, 10 Comboni Fathers, 2 Capuchin friars, 2 deacons, == Evangelical Churches ==
Evangelical Churches
Although the city developed within a predominantly Catholic social framework, it is now possible to find the presence of various Protestant denominations. The city is home to a wide range of Protestant or Reformed faiths, with notable representation from the Assemblies of God with members, the Baptist Church with , the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God with members, and the Maranatha Christian Church with members. == Politics and administration ==
Politics and administration
According to the municipal organic law, enacted on April 5, 1990, municipal administration is carried out by the executive and legislative powers. João dos Santos Neves, the then President of the Municipal Government, was the first representative of the executive power. Prior to this, the City Council managed the administration entirely. Amadeu Boroto, from the Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB), was elected mayor in the 2012 municipal elections, securing a total of votes (69.27% of voters), with Keydson Quaresma Gomes as deputy mayor. The legislative power is exercised by the municipal chamber, composed of eleven councilors elected for four-year terms, in accordance with Article 29 of the Constitution. As of January 2015, the chamber consisted of four seats held by the Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB), two by the National Mobilization Party (PMN), one by the Social Democratic Party (PSD), one by the Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB), one by the Humanist Party of Solidarity (PHS), one by the Workers' Party (PT), and one by the Democratic Labour Party (PDT). The chamber is responsible for drafting and voting on fundamental laws for the administration and the executive, particularly the participatory budget (Budget Guidelines Law). In December 2014, there were registered voters, representing 2.923% of the total in the state of Espírito Santo. São Mateus has two sister cities: Sondrio (Italy ) and Luoyang (China ). The initiative to adopt Sondrio as a sister city originated from the Diocese of São Mateus, as Bishop Emeritus Dom Aldo Gerna hails from that city. The partnership with Luoyang, initiated by the municipal executive, aims to foster commercial cooperation between the two cities. == Subdivisions ==
Subdivisions
The municipality of São Mateus is divided into five districts: Barra Nova, Itauninhas, Nestor Gomes, Nova Verona, and the Seat. In 2015, the city had 56 neighborhoods divided into six zones: 15 neighborhoods in the East Zone, 15 in the West Zone, 9 in the Central Zone, 8 in the South Zone, 7 in the Cricaré Lowland, and 2 in the North Zone. Among the neighborhoods, Guriri stands out as the most populous, with inhabitants in 2010. Districts of São Mateus. Neighborhoods Central Zone North Zone South Zone East Zone West Zone Baixada do Cricaré == Economy ==
Economy
In 2012, São Mateus's gross domestic product (GDP) was approximately one billion four hundred million reais, accounting for 49.8% of the total GDP of its microregion, making it the largest in the region and the eleventh in the state. In 2010, 71.3% of the population over 18 years old was economically active, with an unemployment rate of 8.7%. According to the Espírito Santo Institute for Research, Technical Assistance, and Rural Extension (INCAPER), in 2013, an average of 2,800 barrels of oil were produced daily from 150 onshore wells and the Cação Platform, with the municipality accounting for 23% of the state's oil production. • Silviculture: Eucalyptus is the main crop in the municipality, introduced by Aracruz Celulose in the early 1970s. • Coconut: São Mateus is the third-largest producer of coconut in Brazil. In 2010, the municipality produced approximately 75 million fruits annually, representing 3.66% of national production, 25% of the Southeast Region, and about 48% of Espírito Santo's production, using 3,740 ha of planted area. • Macadamia: Macadamia production makes São Mateus the second-largest producer of this fruit in Brazil. Introduced in the second half of the 1980s, it yielded just over 300 tons annually in 2012, using approximately 500 ha of planted area. Notably, about 98% of this production is exported to the United States and China. • Coffee: The municipality is notable for producing conilon coffee, being the sixth-largest producer in the state. According to IBGE, in 2013, 21,000 tons of this grain were produced on 12,500 ha, with an average yield of 1,620 kilograms per hectare, generating approximately 82 million reais in revenue. • Black pepper: Espírito Santo is the second-largest producer of black pepper in Brazil, with São Mateus as its largest producer. In 2013, IBGE estimated a production of 4,480 tons on 1,600 ha, with an average yield of 2,880 kilograms per hectare, generating approximately 52 million reais in revenue. ;Secondary and tertiary sectors In 2010, 6.45% of the employed population worked in the manufacturing industry, as well as automobile factories, such as those of Volare and Agrale. In 2010, among the economically active population, 8.80% worked in construction, 1.06% in public utilities, 15.06% in commerce, and 37.21% in services, with the tertiary sector generating the largest share of the municipal GDP in 2012: R$854,086,000. == Infrastructure ==
Infrastructure
Healthcare In 2009, the municipality had 63 healthcare facilities, including hospitals, emergency services, health centers, and dental services, with 32 public and 31 private facilities. These provided 165 beds for hospitalization, with 123 in public facilities and 42 in private ones, the latter also serving the Unified Health System (SUS). In 2012, 68.8% of births in the municipality were C-sections, and 1% of children were born without prenatal exams. There was one maternal death among 1,748 births, representing a rate of 57.2 deaths per 100,000 births, and 20.5% of children were born to teenage mothers (under 20 years old). In 2013, 96.1% of children under one year old had up-to-date vaccination records. In 2012, 21 cases of AIDS were reported, with nine in men and twelve in women. In 2011, there were 648 cases of dengue, two of malaria, and one of leishmaniasis. According to the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), in 2012, there were 512 deaths in São Mateus hospitals, with 384 men and 242 women. The most frequent causes included 167 deaths from respiratory diseases, 124 from circulatory diseases, 72 from digestive diseases, and 58 from external causes such as accidents, injuries, and poisonings. The city has a public municipal pharmacy providing free medications. Additionally, the municipality conducts vaccination campaigns against influenza in May and against rabies in the same month. Education In 2013, the average Basic Education Development Index (IDEB) for São Mateus public schools was 5.4 for early years and 4.3 for final years. The municipality ranked among Brazil's municipalities for early years and for final years. Among Espírito Santo's 78 municipalities, São Mateus ranked 36th for early years and 30th for final years. The Human Development Index (HDI) for education was 0.655 in 2010, compared to Brazil's 0.849, up from 0.251 in 1991. and two federal higher education institutions: the North Espírito Santo University Center (CEUNES), part of the Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES) and a campus of the Espírito Santo Federal Institute (IFES). In 2012, the homicide rate was 68.9 per 100,000 inhabitants, making it the sixth most violent municipality in Espírito Santo and the 93rd in Brazil. Considering citizens identifying as Black or White, the homicide rate was 93.3 per 100,000 for those identifying as Black and 9.5 for those identifying as White. The suicide rate was 3.6 per 100,000 inhabitants, ranking 21st in the state and 1008th nationally. The traffic accident mortality rate was 63.5 per 100,000 inhabitants, the second highest in the state and 54th nationally. The municipality has two prison facilities. The São Mateus Provisional Detention Center, opened in 2009, has spaces for temporary detainees or those awaiting trial. The São Mateus Regional Penitentiary, managed privately, is recognized as a model for prison management. Opened in 2011, it houses 534 inmates, including 76 women. In 2011, a Municipal Civil Guard, named Citizen Guard, was established to protect and defend municipal public property and its users. São Mateus is home to the 13th Battalion of the Military Police of Espírito Santo State. Established on June 22, 2010, from the Fifth Independent Company, it covers São Mateus, Conceição da Barra, Jaguaré, and Pedro Canário. As of January 2015, Lieutenant Alex Voney de Almeida was its commander. The city is also home to the Eighteenth Regional Police Station of the Civil Police and a Federal Police station. Housing, services, and communications of Escelsa In 2010, according to IBGE, São Mateus had permanent private households, with in urban areas and in rural areas. Of these, were built with coated masonry, with uncoated masonry, 167 with reused wood, 97 with prepared wood, 66 with coated stucco, 26 with uncoated stucco, 11 with straw, and 52 with other materials. In 2010, of the households, were houses, were apartments, 73 were rooms or tenements, and 50 were houses in villages or condominiums. Regarding occupancy, households were owned, were rented, were loaned, and 52 were in other conditions. For water supply, households had access to the general network, used wells, springs, or cisterns, 223 relied on water trucks, 165 used rainwater stored in cisterns, 24 used rivers, lakes, streams, or creeks, and 124 had other sources. For waste disposal, households had garbage collected, burned their waste, 221 dumped it on vacant lots, 87 buried it, two disposed of it in rivers or the sea, and 42 used other methods. Finally, households had electricity, while 129 did not. The Autonomous Water and Sewage Service (SAAE) is responsible for water supply and sewage treatment. Currently, SAAE serves 80% of households with treated water. Espírito Santo Centrais Elétricas S.A. (Escelsa), a subsidiary of EDP Brasil, supplies electricity to São Mateus, serving 67 of Espírito Santo’s 78 municipalities. Internet services, including dial-up and broadband (ADSL), are offered by various free and paid providers. Mobile phone services are provided by Claro, Oi, Tim, and Vivo. The area code (DDD) for São Mateus is 027, and the postal code (CEP) ranges from 29930-210 to 29949-990. In January 2015, São Mateus had two newspapers: Tribuna do Cricaré and Folha Acadêmica. It also had five radio stations, including Rádio Cricaré at 1120 AM and four FM stations: Rádio Ilha 87.9 FM, Rádio Kairós 94.7 FM, Rádio Musical 105.1 FM, and Rádio SIM 105.9 FM. Plans exist to extend its runway from m to m and replace its nighttime lighting, which is currently activated only on request. ;Road São Mateus has a well-developed road network connecting it to various cities within the state and major metropolitan areas of the Southeast Region. The first highway was opened between 1937 and 1938, linking São Mateus to the then-village of Linhares. According to the Espírito Santo Department of Highways (DER-ES), the municipality is crossed by three federal highways: BR-101, which runs along Brazil’s entire coastline and is privatized in Espírito Santo; BR-381, starting in São Mateus and connecting to Minas Gerais and São Paulo; and BR-342, linking Espírito Santo to Bahia. Ten state highways pass through the area, and six of them have been paved. One is still under construction, another is being expanded, and the remaining routes are in natural condition. São Mateus lacks a public bus terminal, but has two private terminals: one owned by Viação Águia Branca, serving itself and Viação Itapemirim, and another owned by Viação São Gabriel, serving itself, Viação Gontijo, Viação São Geraldo, and Viação Nacional. ;Urban The Municipal Secretariat of Works, Infrastructure, and Transportation oversees traffic control and maintenance, including road inspections, driver and pedestrian behavior, traffic engineering projects, paving, road construction, and management of services such as taxis, alternative transport, buses, charters, and school transport. Public passenger transport has been operated by Viação São Gabriel Ltda. since 1975. The city also offers taxi and motorcycle-taxi services. In 2013, according to IBGE, the city had a fleet of vehicles, including cars, motorcycles, pickup trucks, scooters, trucks, 659 vans, 371 buses, 164 tractor-trailers, 148 utility vehicles, 117 tractors, and other vehicle types. Railway From 1923 to 1941, São Mateus was served by the São Mateus Railway, which connected it to Nova Venécia, then a settlement under São Mateus’s jurisdiction. The railway had a 60 cm gauge and facilitated the transport of timber and coffee from the region to the city’s former river port, as well as local passenger services. It spanned 68 km of track without connecting to other railways. Its operation was short-lived, ceasing in 1941 when it was dismantled, and its rails and materials were sold by the State Government. The proceeds funded the construction of a water tank in the city, now located near the Municipal Historical Museum. Few traces of the old railway remain in São Mateus, except for its former headquarters building, repurposed for other uses. The railway’s former trackbed was replaced by the Miguel Curry Carneiro Highway (ES-381), now part of BR-381, with this section owned by the State Government, explaining the name change. == Culture ==
Culture
Theater, music, and events São Mateus was the first city in Espírito Santo to have a theater. The city has a history of various theater groups, including the Mateense Amateur Theater Group (GRUMATA), the Improvisando Arte Teatral Group (IMPROART), the Popular Theater Group, the Elenco Theater Academy, the Epic Theater Group, the Gêneses do Interlúdio Theater Company, The city has an orchestra, also serving as a marching band, called Lira Mateense. Founded on September 21, 1909, it is, alongside the Espírito Santo State Symphony Orchestra, one of the state’s two main musical groups. It offers free music education to youths and adults and is currently led by conductor Datan Coelho. Several other popular music bands have gained state and national recognition, including the defunct Bandoasis and Black-Out Band, the former Pinzindim group, and the forró group Trio Chapahalls. Regarding events, the National Theater Festival (FENATE) is traditionally held in July, featuring street theater performances and performing arts workshops. Performances take place at Mesquita Neto Square in Centro and Largo do Chafariz in the Port of São Mateus, where theater groups compete for the Anchieta Trophy. Other events include festivals for Saint Matthew in September and Saint Benedict in December, the city’s patron saints; the city’s anniversary, celebrated with national shows, agricultural exhibitions, and civic parades, held on September 21 but spanning several days; the Guriri Road Fest, a national motorcycle rally held in Guriri Island since 2003; the Summer Festival, featuring nationally known bands in Guriri; and New Year's Eve, with regional or national artists and fireworks, alongside other smaller events. Tourist attractions São Mateus is among Brazil’s oldest continuously inhabited cities Notable attractions include: ;Natural attractions • Guriri Beach: The municipality’s main beach, located from downtown. It features rough, warm waters forming natural pools at low tide. Four of the world’s seven sea turtle species nest in Guriri. The beach formed after an artificial bar was opened by Commander Reginaldo Gomes da Cunha, brother of the Baron of Aymorés, to drain the Suruaca Lagoon for livestock farming. • Urussuquara Beach: Located near the border with Linhares, characterized by restinga vegetation along the shore, fine yellowish sand in some areas, dunes, mangroves, a stretch of Atlantic Forest, and the mouth of the Barra Seca River. Its strong waves make it an ideal spot for surfing and snook fishing. • Waterfalls: Within the municipality, there are three waterfalls, all located along the São Mateus River: the Cachoeira do Inferno, situated at kilometer 47 of the São Mateus x Nova Venécia Highway, characterized as a rapid stretching over 1,000 meters in length, mistakenly named a waterfall. Its name is linked to the existence of a pool known as Caldeirão do Diabo (Devil’s Cauldron), responsible for the deaths of many swimmers; Its construction began in the early years of the 19th century at the request of the Jesuits, designed to exceed 300 meters in length. The funding for its construction came from a 1% tax on everything exported through the former Port. • Houses in the Port: The Houses in the Port of São Mateus are a group of buildings constructed along the banks of the São Mateus River, starting from the late 18th century. Originally, most of these mansions were built with stone masonry, with internal and side walls made of plaster. The construction of these buildings gave rise to a large cluster of houses around a square used for loading and unloading ships docking in São Mateus. With the opening of the first highways, starting in 1938, when the road connecting São Mateus to Linhares was inaugurated, the economic activities at the port began to decline. Ship transport waned, and the old port lost its major commercial houses, which relocated to the upper city. The abandoned mansions were then occupied by prostitutes, leading to architectural modifications in several of them. In 1968, following numerous crimes related to prostitution, the expulsion of prostitutes was ordered, and the mansions were designated as heritage sites by the State Culture Council in 1976. • Projeto TAMAR: The research base of TAMAR in Guriri was established in 1988, housing a visitor center that also serves as the Guriri Open Sea Turtle Museum. Key attractions include an aquarium, two turtle observation tanks, and an exhibition of life-sized replicas and silhouettes of the five sea turtle species. During the reproductive season in the summer, the release of hatchlings is organized in the late afternoons. Cuisine The proximity of São Mateus to other states and the origins of the municipality’s settlers have contributed to a highly diverse cuisine, with a strong Bahian influence, characterized by heavily seasoned dishes, including vatapá, acarajé, mungunzá, caruru, quibebe, moqueca, and seafood from the region. Regarding moqueca, São Mateus offers both the Bahian moqueca, prepared with palm oil, coconut milk, and black pepper, and the traditional moqueca capixaba, which does not use these ingredients and may or may not be accompanied by shrimp sauce. One of the most traditional delicacies in the municipality is the southern kingcroaker moqueca, a small freshwater fish. This moqueca is not sold in restaurants, being a privilege of the city’s traditional families. Additionally, the municipality consumes various freshwater and marine fish, including snook, hake, catfish, piau, stardrum, and hoplias. Shellfish and crustaceans, such as crabs and mussels, are also highly appreciated. The Italian colonizers contributed to the popularity of pasta dishes, with the municipality widely consuming dishes such as spaghetti, agnolini, pizza, polenta, gnocchi, and pancakes, among others. Some families descended from Italian immigrants still maintain the tradition of preparing a homemade pasta known as tagliatelle. as its only active professional football club, having previously hosted the activities of the now-defunct Matheense Football Club. The Associação Atlética São Mateus was founded on December 13, 1963, and among its notable campaigns, it participated in the 2011 Brazilian Football Championship – Série D and the 1st Division of the Campeonato Capixaba, winning the championship in 2009 and 2011. Its stadium is the Manoel Moreira Sobrinho Stadium, better known as Sernamby Stadium, with a capacity of people. with the main ones being: the Copa do Café, which brings together teams from the districts of Nestor Gomes and Nova Verona; the Copa Litoral, which includes teams from the Barra Nova district; the Copa Cidade, which gathers teams from São Mateus neighborhoods; the Copa da Liga, which includes teams from the rural areas of the Seat district; the Corrida Rústica, held annually on September 21, the Enduro de Verão, an enduro motorcycle competition typically held between January and February, and the Jogos Estudantis Mateenses (JEM), a tournament among the municipality’s schools where students compete in various sports, including volleyball, beach volleyball, handball, futsal, beach soccer, basketball, and judo. Holidays In São Mateus, there are four municipal holidays and eight national holidays, in addition to optional holidays. According to the city hall, the municipal holidays are: Good Friday; Corpus Christi; the city’s anniversary and the day of Saint Matthew the Evangelist on September 21; and the day of Saint Benedict on December 27. ==See also==
tickerdossier.comtickerdossier.substack.com