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October

October is the 10th month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. Its length is 31 days. The eighth month in the old calendar of Romulus c. 750 BC, October retained its name after January and February were inserted into the calendar that had originally been created by the Romans. In Ancient Rome, one of three Mundus patet would take place on October 5, Meditrinalia October 11, Augustalia on October 12, October Horse on October 15, and Armilustrium on October 19. These dates do not correspond to the modern Gregorian calendar. Among the Anglo-Saxons, it was known as Winterfylleth (Ƿinterfylleþ), because at this full moon, winter was supposed to begin.

Symbols
armband. Opal is the birthstone for October.October's birthstones are the tourmaline and opal. Its birth flower is the calendula. The zodiac signs are Libra (until October 22) and Scorpio (from October 23 onward). == Observances ==
Observances
This list does not necessarily imply either official status or general observance. Non-Gregorian: dates (All Baha'i, Islamic, and Jewish observances begin at the sundown prior to the date listed, and end at sundown of the date in question unless otherwise noted.) • List of observances set by the Bahá'í calendarList of observances set by the Chinese calendarList of observances set by the Hebrew calendarList of observances set by the Islamic calendarList of observances set by the Solar Hijri calendar Month-long Black History Month in the United Kingdom • In Catholic Church tradition, October is the Month of the Holy Rosary. • Breast Cancer Awareness Month • Health Literacy Month • International Walk to School Month • Medical Ultrasound Awareness Month • Rett Syndrome Awareness Month • World Blindness Awareness Month • World Menopause MonthVegetarian Awareness Month United States The last two to three weeks in October (and, occasionally, the first week of November) are normally the only time of the year during which all of the "Big Four" major professional sports leagues in the U.S. and Canada schedule games; the National Basketball Association begins its preseason and about two weeks later starts the regular season, the National Hockey League is in the first month of its regular season, the National Football League is about halfway through its regular season, and Major League Baseball is in its postseason with the League Championship Series and World Series. Days on which all four leagues play are colloquially known as a sports equinox. • American Archives Month • National Adopt a Shelter Dog Month • National Arts & Humanities Month • National Bullying Prevention Month • National Cyber Security Awareness MonthNational Domestic Violence Awareness MonthFilipino American History MonthItalian-American Heritage and Culture MonthPolish American Heritage MonthNational Work and Family Month United States, health-related • American Pharmacist Month • Celebrating All of October Dwarfism/Little People/Short Stature/Skeletal Dysplasia Awareness • Dwarfism/Little People Awareness Month • Eczema Awareness Month • National Dental Hygiene Month • National Healthy Lung Month • National Infertility Awareness Month • Liver Awareness Month • National Lupus Erythematosus Awareness Month • National Physical Therapy Month • National Spina Bifida Awareness Month • Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Awareness Month (United States) United States, culinary National Pizza Month • National Popcorn Poppin' Month • National Pork Month • National Seafood Month Movable dates Oktoberfest celebrations (varies globally based on area) • Astronomy Day: October 1 • World Cerebral Palsy Day: October 6 • World College Radio Day: October 7 • Earth Science Week: October 9–15 • See also Movable Western Christian observances • See also Movable Eastern Christian observances First Sunday Daylight saving time begins (Australia) • Father's Day (Luxembourg) • Grandparents Day (Queensland, Australia, United Kingdom) • Teachers' Day (Belarus, Latvia, Ukraine) First Monday Child Health Day (United States) • Children's Day (Chile, Singapore) • Labour Day (Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, South Australia, Queensland, Australia) • Peat Cutting Monday (Falkland Islands) • Thanksgiving (Saint Lucia) • World Architecture DayWorld Habitat Day First Tuesday National Night Out (Florida and Texas, United States) First Wednesday Children's Day (Chile) First Thursday National Poetry Day (UK, Ireland) First Friday Children's Day (Singapore) • Lee National Denim Day (United States) • World Smile Day First full week Albuquerque International Balloon Fiesta (United States) • Mental Illness Awareness Week (United States) Second Sunday National Grandparents Day (Germany, Hong Kong) Second Monday Columbus Day (United States) • Indigenous Peoples' Day (Parts of the United States) • Native American Day (South Dakota, United States) • Fraternal Day (Alabama, United States) • Health and Sports Day (Japan) • Mother's Day (Malawi) • Norfolk Island Agricultural Show Day (Norfolk Island) • Thanksgiving (Canada)National Day (Republic of China) Second Tuesday Ada Lovelace Day Second Wednesday Policy Statement of Belgian Parliament (Belgium) Wednesday of second full week in October National Fossil Day (United States) Second Thursday World Sight Day Second Friday Arbor Day (Namibia) • World Egg Day Second Saturday International Migratory Bird Day (Mexico, Central and South America, and the Caribbean) • Home Movie Day (International observance) • National Tree Planting Day (Mongolia) Week of October 10 Fiji Week (Fiji) Second Week of October Fire Prevention Week (Canada, United States) • Fire Service Recognition Day (Canada), last day of Fire Prevention Week: Third Sunday Teacher's Day (Brazil) • Mother's Day (Argentina) Third Monday Heroes' Day (Jamaica) • Mother's Day (Argentina) • Nanomonestotse (Native American communities) • Boss's Day (United States, Canada, Lithuania and Romania) Third Thursday International Credit Union Day Third Saturday Sweetest Day (United States) Fourth Monday Labour Day (New Zealand) Fourth Wednesday Children's Day (Australia) Fourth Friday Global Champagne Day Fourth Saturday Children's Day (Malaysia) • Make a Difference Day (United States) Week of Fourth Wednesday Children's Week (Australia) Last Monday October Holiday (Ireland) Last Friday National Bandanna Day (Australia) • Nevada Day (Nevada, United States) (though the state was actually admitted on October 31, 1864) • Teacher's Day (Australia) (If the last Friday is on October 31, this holiday is moved to November 7) Last Sunday European Summer Time ends • Grandparents Day (New South Wales, Australia) • Székely Autonomy Day (Romania) Fixed '' decorated for Halloween pumpkins • October 1Armed Forces Day (South Korea)Children's Day (El Salvador, Guatemala, Sri Lanka) • Day of Prosecutors (Azerbaijan) • Continuance of German-American Heritage Months, which runs from September 15 – October 15 (United States) • Continuance of National Hispanic Heritage Month which runs from September 15 – October 15 (United States), • Ground Forces Day (Russia) • Independence Day (Cyprus)Independence Day (Nigeria)Independence Day (Palau)Independence Day (Tuvalu)International Coffee DayInternational Day of Older PersonsInternational Music DayLincolnshire Day (United Kingdom) • National Day of the People's Republic of China (People's Republic of China) • Pancasila Sanctity Day (Indonesia) • Teacher's Day (Uzbekistan)Unification Day (Cameroon)World Vegetarian DayOctober 2Batik Day (Indonesia) • Feast of the Guardian AngelsNational Grandparents Day (Italy) • Gandhi's birthday-related observances: • Gandhi Jayanti (India) • International Day of Non-ViolenceWorld Day for Farmed AnimalsIndependence Day (Guinea)October 3Gaecheonjeol (South Korea) • German Unity Day (Germany) • National Day (Iraq)Morazán Day (Honduras) • October 4 • Feast of Saint Francis of AssisiCinnamon Roll Day (Sweden) • Day of Peace and Reconciliation (Mozambique) • Independence Day (Lesotho)World Animal Day • The beginning of World Space Week (October 4–10) • October 5Armed Forces Day (Indonesia) • Constitution Day (Vanuatu)Engineer's Day (Bolivia) • International Day of No ProstitutionRepublic Day (Portugal)Teachers' Day (Pakistan)Teachers' Day (Russia)World Teachers' DayOctober 6Day of Commemoration and National Mourning (Turkmenistan) • Dukla Pass Victims Day (Slovakia) • German-American Day (United States) • Memorial Day for the Martyrs of Arad (Hungary) • National Noodle Day (United States) • Teachers' Day (Sri Lanka) • Yom Kippur War commemorations: • Armed Forces Day (Egypt)Tishreen Liberation Day (Syria) • October 7October 7 attacksOur Lady of the RosaryInternational Trigeminal Neuralgia Awareness DayTeachers' Day (Laos) • October 8Air Force Day (India) • Arbor Day (Namibia) • National Independence Day (Croatia) • Navy Day (Peru) • October 9Hangul Day (South Korea) • Independence Day (Uganda)Independence of Guayaquil (Ecuador) • Leif Erikson Day (United States, Iceland and Norway) • National Day of Commemorating the Holocaust (Romania) • Takayama Autumn Festival (Takayama, Japan) • World Post DayValencian Community Day (Spain) • October 10Arbor Day (Poland) • Capital Liberation Day (Vietnam) • Double Ten Day (Taiwan) • Fiji Day (Fiji) • Finnish Literature Day (Finland) • Independence Day (Cuba)Party Foundation Day (North Korea) • World Mental Health DayOctober 11General Pulaski Memorial Day (United States) • International Day of the Girl ChildInternational Newspaper Carrier DayNational Coming Out Day (multinational, including United States, United Kingdom and Switzerland among others) • Old Michaelmas Day (Celtic) • Revolution Day (North Macedonia)October 12Children's Day (Brazil) • Discovery of America by Columbus-related observances (see also October 8): • Columbus Day (United States, Honduras)Día de la Hispanidad or Fiesta Nacional de España, also Armed Forces Day (Spain) • Día de la Raza (El Salvador, Uruguay) • Día de la Resistencia Indígena, "Day of Indigenous Resistance" (Venezuela) • Día de las Américas (Belize) • Día de las Culturas, "Day of the Cultures" (Costa Rica) • Día del Respeto a la Diversidad Cultural, "Day of respect for cultural diversity" (Argentina) • Discovery Day (The Bahamas, Colombia) • Feast for Life of Aleister Crowley, celebrated as "Crowleymas" (Thelema) • Fiesta Nacional de España (Spain) • Freethought DayIndependence Day (Equatorial Guinea), celebrates the independence of Equatorial Guinea from Spain in 1968. • UN Spanish Language Day (United Nations) • October 13Azerbaijani Railway Day (Azerbaijan) • Doi taikomatsuri October 13–15 (Shikokuchūō, Ehime, Japan) • International Day for Natural Disaster ReductionNational Police Day (Thailand)Paramedics' Day (Poland) • Rwagasore Day (Burundi) • October 14World Standards DayOctober 15Breast Health Day (Europe) • Evacuation Day (Tunisia) • Global Handwashing DayKing Father's Commemoration Day (Cambodia) • National Latino AIDS Awareness Day (United States) • Pregnancy and Infant Loss Remembrance Day (United States and Canada) • Spirit Day (International observance) • Teachers' Day (Brazil) • White Cane Safety Day (United States) • October 16World Food DayPope John Paul II Day (Poland) • World Anaesthesia DayOctober 17Dessalines Day (Haiti) • International Day for the Eradication of PovertyLoyalty Day (Argentina)October 18 • Feast of Saint Luke the EvangelistAlaska Day (Alaska, United States) • Day of Restoration of Independence (Azerbaijan)Necktie Day (Croatia) • Persons Day (Canada) • World Menopause DayOctober 19Constitution Day (Niue) • Mother Teresa Day (Albania) • October 20Arbor Day (Czech Republic) • Heroes' Day (Kenya)Revolution Day (Guatemala)Vietnamese Women's Day (Vietnam) • World Osteoporosis DayWorld Statistics DayOctober 21Apple Day (United Kingdom) • Armed Forces Day (Honduras) • Egyptian Naval Day (Egypt) • Indian Police Commemoration Day (India) • International Day of the NachoNational Nurses' Day (Thailand) • Ndadaye Day (Burundi) • Overseas Chinese Day (Taiwan) • Trafalgar Day (the British Empire in the 19th and early 20th century) • October 22Fechner Day (International observance) • International Caps Lock DayInternational Stuttering Awareness DayJidai Matsuri (Kyoto, Japan) • National Santri Day (Indonesia) • Wombat Day (Australia) • October 23Aviator's Day (Brazil) • Chulalongkorn Day (Thailand) • Day of the Macedonian Revolutionary Struggle (North Macedonia) • Liberation Day (Libya) • Mole Day (International observance) • National Day (Hungary)Paris Peace Agreement Day (Cambodia) • October 24Azad Kashmir Day (Pakistan) • Day of Special Forces of the Armed Forces (Russia) • Food Day (United States) • Independence Day (Zambia)Suez Day (Egypt) • United Nations Day (International observance) • World Development Information DayWorld Polio DayOctober 25Armed Forces Day (Romania)Constitution Day (Lithuania)Customs Officer's Day (Russia) • Day of the Basque Country (Basque Country) • Retrocession Day (Taiwan) • Sovereignty Day (Slovenia)Thanksgiving Day (Grenada)The Hallowing of Nestorius (Nestorian Christianity) • October 26Accession Day (Jammu and Kashmir)Angam Day (Nauru) • Armed Forces Day (Benin)Intersex Awareness Day (International observance) • National Day (Austria) • October 27Black Cat Appreciation Day (United Kingdom) • Černová Tragedy Day (Slovakia) • Flag Day (Greece)Independence Day (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)Navy Day (United States) (unofficial, official date is October 13) • World Day for Audiovisual HeritageOctober 28Day of the Establishment of an Independent Czecho-Slovak State (Czech Republic and Slovakia) • International Animation DayOhi Day (Greece, Cyprus) • Prefectural Earthquake Disaster Prevention Day (Gifu Prefecture, Japan) • Youth Pledge Day (Indonesia) • October 29Coronation Day (Cambodia)Cyrus the Great Day (Iran) • National Cat Day (United States) • Republic Day (Turkey)World Stroke DayOctober 30Anniversary of the Declaration of the Slovak Nation (Slovakia) • Day of Remembrance of the Victims of Political Repressions (former Soviet republics, except Ukraine) • Indonesian Banknote Day (Indonesia) • International Orthopaedic Nurses DayMischief Night (United States and Canada) • Beggars Night (certain regions of the United States) • Devil's Night (Michigan, United States) • Thevar Jayanthi (Thevar community, India) • October 31 • Start of Allhallowtide October 31 – November 6 • The first day of the Day of the Dead, celebrated until November 2 (Mexico) • Día de la Canción Criolla (Peru) • Eve of Winter, the eve of the first day of winter in the Northern hemisphere: • Allantide (Cornwall, United Kingdom) • Halloween (English-speaking countries, also in other locations) • Hop-tu-Naa (Isle of Man) • Samhain in the Northern Hemisphere, Beltane in the Southern Hemisphere; begins on sunset of October 31 (Gaels, Welsh people and Neopagan Wheel of the Year) • Girl Scouts Founders Day (United States) • King Father's Birthday (Cambodia) • National Unity Day (India) • Reformation Day (Slovenia, parts of Germany, Chile, El Salvador, Dominican Republic, Evangelical Churches and Lutheran Churches) • Saci day (Brazil) • World Savings DayStatehood Day Nevada, United States == Miscellaneous ==
Miscellaneous
Eric Whitacre composed a piece based on this month, titled October. • Neil Gaiman wrote a story personifying the month, titled "October in the Chair", for his 2006 collection Fragile Things. • Ray Bradbury published a collection of short stories titled The October Country in 1955. • The song October doth before us go celebrates the progression of spring (from the perspective of the Southern Hemisphere). == References ==
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