October 4

Pre-1600 • AD 23 – Rebels sack the Chinese capital Chang'an during a peasant rebellion. • 1209 – Otto IV is crowned Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by Pope Innocent III. • 1302 – The Byzantine–Venetian War comes to an end. • 1363 – Battle of Lake Poyang: In one of the largest naval battles in history, Zhu Yuanzhang's rebels defeat rival Chen Youliang. • 1511 – Formation of the Holy League of Aragon, the Papal States and Venice against France. • 1535 – The Coverdale Bible is printed, with translations into English by William Tyndale and Myles Coverdale. • 1582 – The Gregorian Calendar is introduced by Pope Gregory XIII. • 1597 – Governor Gonzalo Méndez de Canço begins to suppress a native uprising against his rule in what is now the US state of Georgia. 1601–1900 • 1602 – Eighty Years' War and the Anglo-Spanish War: A fleet of Spanish galleys are defeated by English and Dutch galleons in the English Channel. • 1636 – Thirty Years' War: The Swedish Army defeats the armies of Saxony and the Holy Roman Empire at the Battle of Wittstock. • 1693 – Nine Years' War: Piedmontese troops are defeated by the French. • 1777 – American Revolutionary War: Troops under George Washington are repelled by British troops under William Howe. • 1795 – Napoleon first rises to prominence by suppressing counter-revolutionary rioters threatening the National Convention. • 1824 – Mexico adopts a new constitution and becomes a federal republic. • 1830 – The Belgian Revolution takes legal form when the provisional government secedes from the Netherlands. • 1853 – The Crimean War begins when the Ottoman Empire declares war on the Russian Empire. • 1862 – American Civil War: The two-day Second Battle of Corinth ends in a Union victory, with General William Rosecrans protecting the critical rail junction of Corinth, Mississippi from Confederate forces under General Earl Van Dorn. • 1876 – The Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas (now known as Texas A&M) opens as the first public college in Texas. • 1883 – First run of the Orient Express. • 1883 – First meeting of the Boys' Brigade in Glasgow, Scotland. • 1895 – Horace Rawlins wins the first U.S. Open Men's Golf Championship. 1901–present • 1917 – World War I: The Battle of Broodseinde is fought between the British and German armies in Flanders. • 1918 – World War I: An explosion kills more than 100 people and destroys a Shell Loading Plant in New Jersey. • 1920 – The Mannerheim League for Child Welfare, a Finnish non-governmental organization, is founded on the initiative of Sophie Mannerheim. • 1925 – Great Syrian Revolt: Rebels led by Fawzi al-Qawuqji capture Hama from the French Mandate of Syria. • 1925 – S2, a Finnish Sokol class torpedo boat, sinks during a fierce storm near the coast of Pori in the Gulf of Bothnia, taking with it the whole crew of 53. • 1927 – Gutzon Borglum begins sculpting Mount Rushmore. • 1936 – The Metropolitan Police and various anti-fascist organizations violently clash in the Battle of Cable Street. • 1941 – Norman Rockwell's Willie Gillis character debuts on the cover of The Saturday Evening Post. • 1957 – Sputnik 1 becomes the first artificial satellite to orbit the Earth. • 1958 – The current constitution of France is adopted. • 1960 – Eastern Airlines flight 375 crashes on takeoff from Boston's Logan International Airport, killing 62 people of the 72 aboard. • 1963 – Hurricane Flora kills 6,000 in Cuba and Haiti. • 1965 – Pope Paul VI begins the first papal visit to the Americas. • 1966 – Basutoland becomes independent from the United Kingdom and is renamed Lesotho. • 1967 – Omar Ali Saifuddien III of Brunei abdicates in favour of his son. • 1983 – Richard Noble sets a new land speed record of at the Black Rock Desert in Nevada. • 1985 – The Free Software Foundation is founded. • 1991 – The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty is opened for signature. • 1992 – The Rome General Peace Accords end a 16-year civil war in Mozambique. • 1992 – El Al Flight 1862 crashes into two apartment buildings in Amsterdam, killing 43 including 39 on the ground. • 1993 – Battle of Mogadishu occurs killing 18 U.S. Special Forces, two UN Peacekeepers and at least 600 Somalian militia men and civilians. • 1993 – Tanks bombard the Russian parliament, while demonstrators against President Yeltsin rally outside. • 1997 – The second largest cash robbery in U.S. history occurs in North Carolina. • 2001 – Siberia Airlines Flight 1812 crashes after being struck by an errant Ukrainian missile. Seventy-eight people are killed. • 2003 – The Maxim restaurant suicide bombing in Israel kills twenty-one Israelis, both Jews and Arabs. • 2004 – SpaceShipOne wins the Ansari X Prize for private spaceflight. • 2006 – WikiLeaks is launched. • 2010 – The Ajka plant accident in Hungary releases a million cubic metres of liquid alumina sludge, killing nine, injuring 122, and severely contaminating two major rivers. • 2017 – Joint Nigerien-American Special Forces are ambushed by Islamic State militants outside the village of Tongo Tongo. ==Births==

Pre-1600 • 1160 – Alys, Countess of the Vexin, daughter of Louis VII of France (died c. 1220) • 1274 – Rudolf I, Duke of Bavaria (died 1319) • 1276 – Margaret of Brabant (died 1311) • 1289 – Louis X of France (died 1316) • 1331 – James Butler, 2nd Earl of Ormond, Irish politician, Lord Justice of Ireland (died 1382) • 1379 – Henry III of Castile (died 1406) • 1507 – Francis Bigod, English noble (died 1537) • 1515 – Lucas Cranach the Younger, German painter (died 1586) • 1522 – Gabriele Paleotti, Catholic cardinal (died 1597) • 1524 – Francisco Vallés, Spanish physician (died 1592) • 1532 – Francisco de Toledo, Catholic cardinal (died 1596) • 1542 – Robert Bellarmine, Italian cardinal and saint (died 1621) • 1550 – Charles IX of Sweden (died 1611) • 1562 – Christen Sørensen Longomontanus, Danish astronomer and author (died 1647) • 1570 – Péter Pázmány, Hungarian cardinal and philosopher (died 1637) • 1579 – Guido Bentivoglio, Italian cardinal (died 1644) • 1585 – Anna of Tyrol, Holy Roman Empress (died 1618) 1601–1900 • 1625 – Jacqueline Pascal, French nun and composer (died 1661) • 1626 – Richard Cromwell, English academic and politician, Lord Protector of Great Britain (died 1712) • 1633 – Bernardino Ramazzini, Italian physician (died 1714) • 1657 – Francesco Solimena, Italian painter and illustrator (died 1747) • 1694 – Lord George Murray, Scottish Jacobite General (died 1760) • 1720 – Giovanni Battista Piranesi, Italian sculptor and illustrator (died 1778) • 1723 – Nikolaus Poda von Neuhaus, German entomologist and author (died 1798) • 1759 – Louis François Antoine Arbogast, French mathematician and academic (died 1803) • 1768 – Francisco José de Caldas, Colombian naturalist, executed by royalists in the war of independence (died 1816) • 1787 – François Guizot, French historian and politician, 22nd Prime Minister of France (died 1874) • 1793 – Charles Pearson, English lawyer and politician (died 1862) • 1807 – Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine, Canadian lawyer and politician, 2nd Premier of Canada East (died 1864) • 1814 – Jean-François Millet, French painter and educator (died 1875) • 1822 – Rutherford B. Hayes, American general, lawyer, and politician, 19th President of the United States (died 1893) • 1835 – Jenny Twitchell Kempton, American opera singer and educator (died 1921) • 1836 – Juliette Adam, French author (died 1936) • 1837 – Auguste-Réal Angers, Canadian judge and politician, 6th Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (died 1919) • 1841 – Prudente de Morais, Brazilian lawyer and politician, 3rd President of Brazil (died 1912) • 1841 – Maria Sophie of Bavaria (died 1925) • 1843 – Marie-Alphonsine Danil Ghattas, Palestinian nun and Catholic Saint (died 1927) • 1858 – Léon Serpollet, French businessman (died 1903) • 1861 – Walter Rauschenbusch, American pastor and theologian (died 1918) • 1861 – Frederic Remington, American painter, sculptor, and illustrator (died 1909) • 1862 – Johanna van Gogh-Bonger, sister-in-law of Vincent van Gogh, who is credited with promoting his posthumous fame (died 1925). • 1862 – Edward Stratemeyer, American author and publisher (died 1930) • 1868 – Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear, Argentinian lawyer and politician, 20th President of Argentina (died 1942) • 1874 – John Ellis, English executioner (died 1932) • 1876 – Florence Eliza Allen, American mathematician and suffrage activist (died 1960) • 1877 – Razor Smith, English cricketer (died 1946) • 1879 – Robert Edwards, American artist, musician, and writer (died 1948) • 1880 – Damon Runyon, American newspaperman and short story writer. (died 1946) • 1881 – Walther von Brauchitsch, German field marshal (died 1948) • 1884 – Ramchandra Shukla, Indian historian and author (died 1941) • 1888 – Lucy Tayiah Eads, American tribal chief (died 1961) • 1888 – Oscar Mathisen, Norwegian speed skater (died 1954) • 1890 – Alan L. Hart, American physician and author (died 1962) • 1890 – Osman Cemal Kaygılı, Turkish writer and journalist (died 1945) • 1892 – Engelbert Dollfuss, Austrian soldier and politician, 14th Federal Chancellor of Austria (died 1934) • 1892 – Hermann Glauert, English aerodynamicist and author (died 1934) • 1892 – Robert Lawson, American author and illustrator (died 1957) • 1895 – Buster Keaton, American film actor, director, and producer (died 1966) • 1895 – Richard Sorge, German journalist and spy (died 1944) • 1896 – Dorothy Lawrence, English reporter, who secretly posed as a man to become a soldier during World War I (died 1964) • 1900 – August Mälk, Estonian author and playwright (died 1987) 1901–present • 1903 – Bona Arsenault, Canadian genealogist, historian, and politician (died 1993) • 1903 – John Vincent Atanasoff, American physicist and academic, invented the Atanasoff–Berry computer (died 1995) • 1903 – Pierre Garbay, French general (died 1980) • 1903 – Ernst Kaltenbrunner, Austrian-German lawyer and general, convicted Nuremberg war criminal (died 1946) • 1906 – Mary Celine Fasenmyer, American mathematician (died 1996) • 1907 – Alain Daniélou, French-Swiss historian and academic (died 1994) • 1910 – Frankie Crosetti, American baseball player and coach (died 2002) • 1910 – Cahit Sıtkı Tarancı, Turkish poet and author (died 1956) • 1911 – Mary Two-Axe Earley, Canadian indigenous women's rights activist (died 1996) • 1913 – Martial Célestin, Haitian lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Haiti (died 2011) • 1914 – Jim Cairns, Australian economist and politician, 4th Deputy Prime Minister of Australia (died 2003) • 1914 – Brendan Gill, American journalist and essayist (died 1997) • 1916 – Vitaly Ginzburg, Russian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2009) • 1916 – Jan Murray, American comedian, actor, and game show host (died 2006) • 1916 – George Sidney, American director and producer (died 2002) • 1916 – Ken Wood, inventor of the Kenwood Chef food mixer (died 1997) • 1917 – Violeta Parra, Chilean singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 1967) • 1918 – Kenichi Fukui, Japanese chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1998) • 1921 – Stella Pevsner, American children's author (died 2020) • 1922 – Malcolm Baldrige Jr., American businessman and politician, 26th United States Secretary of Commerce (died 1987) • 1922 – Shin Kyuk-ho, South Korean-Japanese businessman, founded Lotte Group (died 2020) • 1922 – Don Lenhardt, American baseball player and coach (died 2014) • 1923 – Charlton Heston, American actor, director and gun rights activist (died 2008) • 1924 – Donald J. Sobol, American soldier and author (died 2012) • 1925 – Roger Wood, Belgian-American journalist (died 2012) • 1926 – Raymond Watson, American businessman (died 2012) • 1927 – Wolf Kahn, American painter and academic (died 2020) • 1928 – Alvin Toffler, German-American journalist and author (died 2016) • 1928 – Torben Ulrich, Danish-American tennis player (died 2023) • 1929 – Scotty Beckett, American actor and singer (died 1968) • 1929 – John E. Mack, American psychiatrist and author (died 2004) • 1929 – Leroy Van Dyke, American singer-songwriter and guitarist • 1936 – Charlie Hurley, Irish footballer and manager (died 2024) • 1936 – Giles Radice, Baron Radice, English politician (died 2022) • 1937 – Jackie Collins, English-American author and actress (died 2015) • 1941 – Robert Wilson, American director and playwright (died 2025) • 1942 – Bernice Johnson Reagon, American singer-songwriter (died 2024) • 1942 – Karl W. Richter, American lieutenant and pilot (died 1967) • 1942 – Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir, Icelandic politician, 24th Prime Minister of Iceland • 1942 – Christopher Stone, American actor and screenwriter (died 1995) • 1943 – H. Rap Brown, American activist (died 2025) • 1943 – Owen Davidson, Australian tennis player (died 2023) • 1943 – Karl-Gustav Kaisla, Finnish ice hockey player and referee (died 2012) • 1943 – Dietmar Mürdter, German footballer • 1943 – Jimy Williams, American baseball player and manager (died 2024) • 1944 – Colin Bundy, South African-English historian and academic • 1944 – Rocío Dúrcal, Spanish singer and actress (died 2006) • 1944 – Tony La Russa, American baseball player and manager • 1947 – Julien Clerc, French singer-songwriter and pianist • 1947 – Jim Fielder, American bass player • 1947 – Ann Widdecombe, English politician, Shadow Secretary of State for Health • 1948 – Iain Hewitson, New Zealand-Australian chef, restaurateur, author, and television personality • 1948 – Linda McMahon, American businesswoman and politician • 1948 – Duke Robillard, American singer-songwriter and guitarist • 1949 – Armand Assante, American actor and producer • 1952 – Anita DeFrantz, American rower and sports administrator • 1952 – Jody Stephens, American rock drummer • 1952 – Zinha Vaz, Bissau-Guinean women's rights activist and politician • 1953 – Gil Moore, Canadian singer-songwriter, drummer, and producer • 1953 – Andreas Vollenweider, Swiss harp player • 1955 – John Rutherford, Scottish rugby player • 1955 – Jorge Valdano, Argentinian footballer, coach, and manager • 1956 – Lesley Glaister, English author and playwright • 1956 – Charlie Leibrandt, American baseball player • 1956 – Sherri Turner, American golfer • 1956 – Christoph Waltz, Austrian-German actor • 1965 – Olaf Backasch, German footballer • 1965 – Skip Heller, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer • 1965 – Steve Olin, American baseball player (died 1993) • 1965 – Micky Ward, American boxer • 1967 – Vicky Bullett, American basketball player and coach • 1967 – Nick Green, Australian rower • 1967 – Liev Schreiber, American actor and director • 1982 – Jered Weaver, American baseball player • 1983 – Vicky Krieps, Luxembourgish actress • 1983 – Kurt Suzuki, American baseball player • 1984 – Lena Katina, Russian singer-songwriter • 1984 – Petri Kontiola, Finnish ice hockey player • 1984 – Karolina Tymińska, Polish heptathlete • 1985 – Shontelle, Barbadian singer-songwriter • 1985 – Thorsten Wiedemann, German rugby player • 1987 – Marina Weisband, German politician • 1988 – Melissa Benoist, American actress and singer • 1988 – Caner Erkin, Turkish footballer • 1988 – Evgeni Krasnopolski, Israeli figure skater • 1988 – Derrick Rose, American basketball player • 1989 – Dakota Johnson, American actress • 1990 – Signy Aarna, Estonian footballer • 1990 – Saki, Japanese guitarist and songwriter • 1990 – Sergey Shubenkov, Russian hurdler • 1991 – Leigh-Anne Pinnock, English singer and songwriter • 1994 – Mike Williams, American football player • 1995 – Jeonghan, South Korean singer • 1995 – Kenny Clark, American football player • 1995 – Mikolas Josef, Czech singer and songwriter • 1996 – Ella Balinska, English actress • 1997 – Yuju, South Korean singer ==Deaths==

Pre-1600 • 744 – Yazid III, Umayyad caliph (born 701) • 863 – Turpio, Frankish nobleman • 1052 – Vladimir of Novgorod (born 1020) • 1160 – Constance of Castile, Queen of France (born 1141) • 1189 – Gerard de Ridefort, Grand Master of the Knights Templar • 1221 – William IV Talvas, Count of Ponthieu (born 1179) • 1227 – Caliph al-Adil of Morocco • 1250 – Herman VI, Margrave of Baden (born 1226) • 1305 – Emperor Kameyama of Japan (born 1249) • 1361 – John de Mowbray, 3rd Baron Mowbray, English baron (born 1310) • 1497 – John, Prince of Asturias, only son of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile (born 1478) • 1582 – Teresa of Ávila, Spanish nun and saint (born 1515) • 1597 – Sarsa Dengel, Ethiopian emperor (born 1550) 1601–1900 • 1646 – Thomas Howard, 21st Earl of Arundel, English courtier and politician, Earl Marshal of the United Kingdom (born 1586) • 1660 – Francesco Albani, Italian painter (born 1578) • 1661 – Jacqueline Pascal, French nun and composer (born 1625) • 1669 – Rembrandt, Dutch painter and illustrator (born 1606) • 1680 – Pierre-Paul Riquet, French engineer, designed the Canal du Midi (born 1609) • 1743 – John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll, Scottish commander and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Surrey (born 1678) • 1747 – Amaro Pargo, Spanish corsair (born 1678) • 1749 – Baron Franz von der Trenck, Austrian soldier (born 1711) • 1755 – Samuel von Cocceji, Prussian jurist and statesman (born 1679) • 1821 – John Rennie the Elder, Scottish engineer, designed the Waterloo Bridge (born 1761) • 1827 – Grigorios Zalykis, Greek-French lexicographer and scholar (born 1785) • 1851 – Manuel Godoy, Spanish general and politician, Prime Minister of Spain (born 1767) • 1852 – James Whitcomb, American lawyer and politician, 8th Governor of Indiana (born 1795) • 1859 – Karl Baedeker, German publisher, founded Baedeker (born 1801) • 1864 – Joseph Montferrand, Canadian logger and strongman (born 1802) • 1867 – Francis Xavier Seelos, German-American priest and missionary (born 1819) • 1871 – Sarel Cilliers, South African spiritual leader and preacher (born 1801) • 1890 – Catherine Booth, English theologian and saint, co-founded The Salvation Army (born 1829) 1901–present • 1903 – Otto Weininger, Austrian philosopher and author (born 1880) • 1904 – Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi, French sculptor, designed the Statue of Liberty (born 1834) • 1904 – Carl Josef Bayer, Austrian chemist and academic (born 1847) • 1910 – Sergey Muromtsev, Russian lawyer and politician (born 1850) • 1935 – Jean Béraud, French painter and academic (born 1849) • 1935 – Marie Gutheil-Schoder, German soprano, actress, and director (born 1874) • 1943 – Irena Iłłakowicz, German-Polish lieutenant (born 1906) • 1944 – Al Smith, American lawyer and politician, 42nd Governor of New York (born 1873) • 1946 – Barney Oldfield, American race car driver and actor (born 1878) • 1947 – Max Planck, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1858) • 1951 – Henrietta Lacks, American medical patient (born 1920) • 1955 – Alexander Papagos, Greek general and politician, 152nd Prime Minister of Greece (born 1883) • 1958 – Ida Wüst, German actress and screenwriter (born 1884) • 1961 – Benjamin, Russian metropolitan (born 1880) • 1963 – Alar Kotli, Estonian architect (born 1904) • 1970 – Janis Joplin, American singer-songwriter (born 1943) • 1974 – Anne Sexton, American poet and author (born 1928) • 1975 – Friedrich Lutz, German economist (born 1901) • 1975 – Joan Whitney Payson, American businesswoman and philanthropist (born 1903) • 1977 – José Ber Gelbard, Argentinian activist and politician (born 1917) • 1980 – Pyotr Masherov, First Secretary of the Communist Party of Byelorussia (born 1918) • 1981 – Freddie Lindstrom, American baseball player and coach (born 1905) • 1982 – Glenn Gould, Canadian pianist and conductor (born 1932) • 1982 – Stefanos Stefanopoulos, Greek politician, 165th Prime Minister of Greece (born 1898) • 1988 – Zlatko Grgić, Croatian-Canadian animator, director, and screenwriter (born 1931) • 1989 – Graham Chapman, English actor and screenwriter, member of Monty Python (born 1941) • 1990 – Mārtiņš Zīverts, Latvian playwright (born 1903) • 1992 – Denny Hulme, New Zealand race car driver (born 1936) • 1994 – Danny Gatton, American guitarist (born 1945) • 1997 – Otto Ernst Remer, German general (born 1912) • 1997 – Gunpei Yokoi, Japanese game designer, created the Game Boy (born 1941) • 1998 – S. Arasaratnam, Sri Lankan historian and academic (born 1930) • 1999 – Bernard Buffet, French painter and illustrator (born 1928) • 1999 – Art Farmer, American trumpet player and composer (born 1928) • 2000 – Yu Kuo-hwa, Chinese politician, 32nd Premier of the Republic of China (born 1914) • 2000 – Michael Smith, English-Canadian biochemist and geneticist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1932) • 2001 – Blaise Alexander, American race car driver (born 1976) • 2001 – John Collins, American guitarist (born 1913) • 2001 – Ahron Soloveichik, Russian rabbi and scholar (born 1917) • 2002 – André Delvaux, Belgian-Spanish director and screenwriter (born 1926) • 2003 – Sid McMath, American lawyer and politician, 34th Governor of Arkansas (born 1912) • 2004 – Gordon Cooper, American colonel, engineer, and astronaut (born 1927) • 2005 – Stanley K. Hathaway, American lawyer and politician, 40th United States Secretary of the Interior (born 1924) • 2007 – Qassem Al-Nasser, Jordanian general (born 1925) • 2009 – Gerhard Kaufhold, German footballer (born 1928) • 2009 – Günther Rall, German general and pilot (born 1918) • 2010 – Norman Wisdom, English actor, comedian, and singer-songwriter (born 1915) • 2011 – Doris Belack, American actress (born 1926) • 2012 – David Atkinson, Canadian actor and singer (born 1921) • 2012 – Stan Mudenge, Zimbabwean historian and politician, Zimbabwean Minister of Foreign Affairs (born 1941) • 2012 – Tom Stannage, Australian footballer, historian, and academic (born 1944) • 2013 – John Cloudsley-Thompson, Pakistani-English commander (born 1921) • 2013 – Ulric Cross, Trinidadian navigator, judge, and diplomat (born 1917) • 2013 – Akira Miyoshi, Japanese composer (born 1933) • 2013 – Diana Nasution, Indonesian singer (born 1958) • 2013 – Võ Nguyên Giáp, Vietnamese general and politician, 3rd Minister of Defence for Vietnam (born 1911) • 2013 – Nicholas Oresko, American sergeant, Medal of Honor recipient (born 1917) • 2014 – Konrad Boehmer, German-Dutch composer and educator (born 1941) • 2014 – Hugo Carvana, Brazilian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1937) • 2014 – Fyodor Cherenkov, Russian footballer and manager (born 1959) • 2014 – Jean-Claude Duvalier, Haitian politician, 41st President of Haiti (born 1951) • 2015 – Dave Pike, American vibraphone player and songwriter (born 1938) • 2015 – Edida Nageswara Rao, Indian director and producer (born 1934) • 2015 – Neal Walk, American basketball player (born 1948) • 2020 – Clark Middleton, American actor (born 1957) • 2020 – Kenzō Takada, Japanese-French fashion designer (born 1939) • 2022 – Loretta Lynn, American singer-songwriter and musician (born 1932) • 2024 – Christopher Ciccone, American artist (born 1960) • 2024 – Billy Shaw, American football player (born 1938) ==Holidays and observances==

• Christian feast day: • Amun • Francis of Assisi • Conclusion of Creationtide • Petronius of Bologna • October 4 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) • Cinnamon Roll Day (Sweden and Finland) • Day of Peace and Reconciliation (Mozambique) • Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Lesotho from the United Kingdom in 1966. • The beginning of World Space Week (International) • World Animal Day ==References==