•
Octopus alecto Berry, 1953 •
Octopus argus Krauss, 1848 •
Octopus australis Hoyle, 1885 – hammer octopus •
Octopus balboai Voss, 1971 •
Octopus berenice Gray, 1849 •
Octopus berrima Stanks & Norman, 1992 – southern keeled octopus •
Octopus bimaculatus Verrill, 1883 – California two-spot octopus or Verrill's two-spot octopus •
Octopus bimaculoides Pickford & McConnaughey, 1949 – California two-spot octopus •
Octopus bocki Adam, 1941 – Bock's pygmy octopus •
Octopus briareus Robson, 1929 – Caribbean reef octopus •
Octopus bulbus Norman, 2001 •
Octopus californicus Berry, 1911 – North Pacific bigeye octopus •
Octopus chierchiae Jatta, 1889 – lesser Pacific striped octopus •
Octopus conispadiceus Sasaki, 1917 – chestnut octopus •
Octopus cyanea Gray, 1849 – big blue octopus or Cyane's octopus, •
Octopus diminutus Kaneko & Kubodera, 2008 •
Octopus djinda Amor, 2021 •
Octopus favonius Gray, 1849 •
Octopus filosus Howell, 1867 •
Octopus fitchi Berry, 1953 – Fitch's pygmy octopus •
Octopus gardineri Hoyle, 1905 •
Octopus gorgonus Huffard, 2007 •
Octopus harpedon Norman, 2001 •
Octopus hattai Sasaki, 1929 •
Octopus hawaiiensis Eydoux & Souleyet, 1852 •
Octopus hubbsorum Berry, 1953 – Hubb's octopus •
Octopus humilis Huffard, 2007 •
Octopus huttoni Benham, 1943 •
Octopus incella Kaneko & Kubodera, 2007 •
Octopus insularis Leite & Haimovici, 2008 •
Octopus jeraldi Pratt, Baldwin & Vecchione, 2020 •
Octopus joubini Robson, 1929 - Atlantic pygmy octopus or small-egg Caribbean pygmy octopus •
Octopus kaharoa O'Shea, 1999 •
Octopus kaurna Stranks, 1990 – southern sand octopus •
Octopus laqueus Kaneko & Kubodera, 2005 •
Octopus mariles Huffard, 2007 •
Octopus alatus Sasaki, 1920 •
Octopus araneoides * Iw. Taki, 1964 •
Octopus arborescens Hoyle, 1904 •
Octopus filamentosus Blainville, 1826 •
Octopus fujitai Sasaki, 1929 •
Octopus globosus Appellöf, 1886 – globe octopus •
Octopus hongkongensis Hoyle, 1885 •
Octopus longispadiceus Sasaki, 1917 •
Octopus minor Sasaki, 1920 •
Octopus nanhaiensis Dong, 1976 •
Octopus niveus Lesson, 1831 •
Octopus ochotensis Sasaki, 1920 •
Octopus oshimai Sasaki, 1929 •
Octopus prashadi Adam, 1939 •
Octopus pricei * Berry, 1913 •
Octopus sasakii Taki, 1942 •
Octopus spinosus Sasaki, 1920 •
Octopus tsugarensis Sasaki, 1920 •
Octopus validus Sasaki, 1920 •
Octopus yendoi Sasaki, 1920 ; Species brought into synonymy: •
Octopus abaculus Norman & Sweeney, 1997: synonym of
Abdopus abaculus (Norman & Sweeney, 1997) •
Octopus aculeatus d'Orbigny, 1834: synonym of
Abdopus aculeatus (d'Orbigny, 1834) •
Octopus adamsi Benham, 1944 : synonym of
Octopus huttoni Benham, 1943 •
Octopus aegina Gray, 1849: synonym of
Amphioctopus aegina (Gray, 1849) •
Octopus albus Rafinesque, 1814: synonym of
Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 •
Octopus alderii Vérany, 1851: synonym of
Pinnoctopus macropus (Risso, 1826) •
Octopus alpheus, Capricorn night octopus: synonym of
Pinnoctopus alpheus (Norman, 1993) •
Octopus alpheus Norman, 1993: synonym of
Oinnoctopus alpheus (Norman, 1993) •
Octopus americanus Froriep, 1806: synonym of
Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 •
Octopus apollyon (S. S. Berry, 1912): synonym of
Enteroctopus dofleini (Wülker, 1910) •
Octopus arcticus Prosch, 1849: synonym of
Bathypolypus arcticus (Prosch, 1849) •
Octopus areolatus de Haan, 1839: synonym of
Amphioctopus fangsiao (d'Orbigny, 1839) •
Octopus aspilosomatis Norman, 1993, plain-body night octopus: synonym of
Pinnoctopus aspilosomatis (Norman, 1993) •
Octopus bairdii Verrill, 1873: synonym of
Bathypolypus bairdii (Verrill, 1873) •
Octopus bakerii d'Orbigny, 1826: synonym of
Octopus americanus Montfort, 1802: synonym of
Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 •
Octopus bermudensis Hoyle, 1885: synonym of
Callistoctopus furvus (Gould, 1852) •
Octopus bitentaculatus Risso, 1854: synonym of
Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 •
Octopus brevitentaculatus Blainville, 1826: synonym of
Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 •
Octopus brocki Ortmann, 1888: synonym of
Amphioctopus fangsiao (d'Orbigny, 1839) •
Octopus bunurong Stranks, 1990: synonym of
Callistoctopus bunurong (Stranks, 1990) – southern white-spot octopus •
Octopus burryi Voss, 1950: synonym of
Amphioctopus burryi (Voss, 1950) •
Octopus carolinensis Verrill, 1884: synonym of
Amphioctopus carolinensis (Verrill, 1884), Carolinian octopus •
Octopus cassiopea Gray, 1849: synonym of
Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 •
Octopus cassiopeia Gray, 1849 (incorrect subsequent spelling of specific epithet): synonym of
Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 •
Octopus catenulatus Philippi, 1844: synonym of
Ocythoe tuberculata Rafinesque, 1814 •
Octopus chromatus Heilprin, 1888: synonym of
Callistoctopus furvus (Gould, 1852) •
Octopus cirrhosus Lamarck, 1798: synonym of
Eledone cirrhosa (Lamarck, 1798) •
Octopus cocco Risso, 1854: synonym of
Scaeurgus unicirrhus (Delle Chiaje [in de Férussac & d'Orbigny], 1841) •
Octopus cocco Vérany, 1846: synonym of
Pteroctopus tetracirrhus (Delle Chiaje, 1830) •
Octopus coerulescentes Fra Piero, 1895: synonym of
Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 •
Octopus communis Park, 1885: synonym of
Macroctopus maorum (Hutton, 1880) •
Octopus cuvieri d'Orbigny, 1826: synonym of
Callistoctopus lechenaultii (d'Orbigny, 1826) •
Octopus dana Robson, 1929: synonym of
Macrotritopus defilippi (Vérany, 1851) •
Octopus defilippi Vérany, 1851: synonym of
Macrotritopus defilippi (Vérany, 1851) Atlantic longarm octopus or Lilliput longarm octopus •
Octopus didynamus Rafinesque, 1814: synonym of
Pinnoctopus macropus (Risso, 1826) •
Octopus dierythraeus Norman, 1992: synonym of
Pinnoctopus dierythraeus (Norman, 1992) – red-spot night octopus •
Octopus digueti Perrier & Rochebrune, 1894: synonym of
Paroctopus digueti (Perrier & Rochebrune, 1894) – Diguet's pygmy octopus •
Octopus dofleini (Wülker, 1910): synonym of
Enteroctopus dofleini (Wülker, 1910) •
Octopus dollfusi Robson, 1928: synonym of
Amphioctopus aegina (Gray, 1849) •
Octopus duplex Hoyle, 1885: synonym of
Octopus superciliosus Quoy & Gaimard, 1832 •
Octopus equivocus Robson, 1929: synonym of
Macrotritopus defilippi (Vérany, 1851) •
Octopus ergasticus P. Fischer & H. Fischer, 1892: synonym of
Bathypolypus ergasticus (P. Fischer & H. Fischer, 1892) •
Octopus eudora Gray, 1849: synonym of
Octopus americanus Montfort, 1802: synonym of
Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 •
Octopus exannulatus Norman, 1992: synonym of
Amphioctopus exannulatus (Norman, 1992) •
Octopus fangsiao d'Orbigny, 1839: synonym of
Amphioctopus fangsiao (d'Orbigny, 1839) •
Octopus fasciatus Hoyle, 1886: synonym of
Hapalochlaena fasciata (Hoyle, 1886) •
Octopus fimbriatus d'Orbigny, 1841: synonym of
Abdopus horridus (d'Orbigny, 1826) •
Octopus flindersi Cotton, 1932: synonym of
Macroctopus maorum (Hutton, 1880) •
Octopus fontanianus d'Orbigny, 1834: synonym of
Robsonella fontaniana (d'Orbigny, 1834) •
Octopus frayedus Rafinesque, 1814: synonym of
Pinnoctopus macropus (Risso, 1826) •
Octopus furvus Gould, 1852: synonym of
Callistoctopus furvus (Gould, 1852) •
Octopus geryonea Gray, 1849: synonym of
Octopus americanus Montfort, 1802: synonym of
Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 •
Octopus gibbsi O'Shea, 1999: synonym of
Octopus tetricus Gould, 1852 •
Octopus gilbertianus Berry, 1912: synonym of Enteroctopus dofleini (Wülker, 1910) •
Octopus glaber Wülker, 1920: synonym of
Octopus cyanea Gray, 1849 •
Octopus gracilis Verrill, 1884: synonym of
Macrotritopus equivocus (Robson, 1929) •
Octopus gracilis Eydoux & Souleyet, 1852: synonym of
Tremoctopus gracilis (Eydoux & Souleyet, 1852) •
Octopus granosus Blainville, 1826: synonym of
Pinnoctopus macropus (Risso, 1826) •
Octopus granulatus Lamarck, 1799: synonym of
Amphioctopus granulatus (Lamarck, 1799) •
Octopus graptus Norman, 1992: synonym of
Pinnoctopus graptus (Norman, 1992) – scribbled night octopus •
Octopus groenlandicus Steenstrup, 1856: synonym of
Bathypolypus arcticus (Prosch, 1849) •
Octopus guangdongensis Dong, 1976: synonym of
Abdopus guangdongensis (Dong, 1976) •
Octopus hardwickei Gray, 1849: synonym of
Amphioctopus aegina (Gray, 1849) •
Octopus harmandi Rochebrune, 1882: synonym of
Abdopus aculeatus (d'Orbigny, 1834) •
Octopus herdmani Hoyle, 1904: synonym of
Octopus cyanea Gray, 1849 •
Octopus heteropus Rafinesque, 1814: synonym of
Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 •
Octopus horridus d'Orbigny, 1826: synonym of
Abdopus horridus (d'Orbigny, 1826) •
Octopus horsti Joubin, 1898: synonym of
Octopus cyanea Gray, 1849 •
Octopus hoylei (S. S. Berry, 1909): synonym of
Pteroctopus hoylei (S. S. Berry, 1909) •
Octopus indicus Rapp, 1835: synonym of
Cistopus indicus (Rapp, 1835) •
Octopus januarii Hoyle, 1885: synonym of
Muusoctopus januarii (Hoyle, 1885) •
Octopus kagoshimensis Ortmann, 1888: synonym of
Amphioctopus kagoshimensis (Ortmann, 1888) •
Octopus kempi Robson, 1929: synonym of
Macrotritopus defilippi (Vérany, 1851) •
Octopus kermadecensis (Berry, 1914): synonym of
Pinnoctopus kermadecensis (Berry, 1914) •
Octopus koellikeri Vérany, 1851: synonym of
Tremoctopus violaceus delle Chiaje, 1830 •
Octopus lechenaultii d'Orbigny, 1826: synonym of
Callistoctopus lechenaultii (d'Orbigny, 1826) •
Octopus leioderma (Berry, 1911): synonym of
Benthoctopus leioderma (Berry, 1911) •
Octopus lentus Verrill, 1880: synonym of
Bathypolypus bairdii (Verrill, 1873) •
Octopus leschenaultii d'Orbigny, 1826: synonym of
Callistoctopus lechenaultii (d'Orbigny, 1826) •
Octopus leucoderma San Giovanni, 1829: synonym of
Eledone leucoderma (San Giovanni, 1829) •
Octopus lobensis Castellanos & Menni, 1969: synonym of
Octopus tehuelchus d'Orbigny, 1834 – lobed octopus •
Octopus lothei Chun, 1913: synonym of
Bathypolypus ergasticus (P. Fischer & H. Fischer, 1892) •
Octopus lunulatus Quoy & Gaimard, 1832: synonym of
Hapalochlaena lunulata (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832) •
Octopus luteus (Sasaki, 1929): synonym of
Callistoctopus luteus (Sasaki, 1929) – starry night octopus •
Octopus macropodus Sangiovanni, 1829: synonym of
Pinnoctopus macropus (Risso, 1826) •
Octopus macropus Risso, 1826: synonym of
Pinnoctopus macropus (Risso, 1826) – Atlantic white-spotted octopus •
Octopus maculatus Rafinesque, 1814: synonym of
Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 •
Octopus maculosus Hoyle, 1883: synonym of
Hapalochlaena maculosa (Hoyle, 1883) •
Octopus magnificus Villanueva, Sanchez & Compagno, 1992: synonym of
Enteroctopus magnificus (Villanueva, Sanchez & Compagno, 1992) •
Octopus maorum Hutton, 1880: synonym of
Macroctopus maorum (Hutton, 1880) – Maori octopus •
Octopus marginatus Taki, 1964: synonym of
Amphioctopus marginatus (Iw. Taki, 1964) •
Octopus marmoratus Hoyle, 1885: synonym of
Octopus cyanea Gray, 1849 •
Octopus membranaceus Quoy & Gaimard, 1832: synonym of
Amphioctopus membranaceus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832) •
Octopus microstomus Reynaud, 1830: synonym of
Tremoctopus violaceus delle Chiaje, 1830 •
Octopus moschatus Rafinesque, 1814: synonym of
Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 •
Octopus moschatus Lamarck, 1798: synonym of
Eledone moschata (Lamarck, 1798) •
Octopus mototi Norman, 1992: synonym of
Amphioctopus mototi (Norman, 1992) •
Octopus neglectus Nateewathana & Norman, 1999: synonym of
Amphioctopus neglectus (Nateewathana & Norman, 1999) •
Octopus nierstraszi W. Adam, 1938: synonym of
Hapalochlaena nierstraszi (W. Adam, 1938) •
Octopus nierstrazi [sic]: synonym of
Octopus nierstraszi W. Adam, 1938: synonym of
Hapalochlaena nierstraszi (W. Adam, 1938) •
Octopus niger Risso, 1854: synonym of Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 •
Octopus niger Rafinesque, 1814: synonym of Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 •
Octopus nocturnus Norman & Sweeney, 1997: synonym of
Callistoctopus nocturnus (Norman & Sweeney, 1997) •
Octopus obesus Verrill, 1880: synonym of
Bathypolypus bairdii (Verrill, 1873) •
Octopus ocellatus Gray, 1849: synonym of
Amphioctopus fangsiao (d'Orbigny, 1839) •
Octopus octopodia Tryon, 1879: synonym of
Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 •
Octopus ornatus Gould, 1852: synonym of
Pinnoctopus ornatus (Gould, 1852) – ornate octopus or white-striped octopus •
Octopus ovulum Sasaki, 191: synonym of
Amphioctopus ovulum (Sasaki, 1917) •
Octopus rapanui Voss, 1979: synonym of
Callistoctopus rapanui (Voss, 1979) •
Octopus patagonicus Lönnberg, 1898: synonym of
Enteroctopus megalocyathus (Gould, 1852) •
Octopus pictus Brock, 1882: synonym of
Hapalochlaena fasciata (Hoyle, 1886) •
Octopus pictus Verrill, 1883: synonym of
Octopus verrilli Hoyle, 1886 •
Octopus pilosus Risso, 1826: synonym of
Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 •
Octopus piscatorum Verrill, 1879: synonym of
Bathypolypus bairdii (Verrill, 1873) •
Octopus polyzenia Gray, 1849: synonym of
Amphioctopus polyzenia (Gray, 1849) •
Octopus punctatus Gabb, 1862: synonym of
Enteroctopus dofleini (Wülker, 1910) •
Octopus pustulosus Sasaki, 1920: synonym of
Octopus madokai Berry, 1921 •
Octopus rabassin Risso, 1854: synonym of
Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 •
Octopus reticularis Petangna, 1828: synonym of
Ocythoe tuberculata Rafinesque, 1814 •
Octopus rex Nateewathana & Norman, 1999: synonym of
Amphioctopus rex (Nateewathana & Norman, 1999) •
Octopus robsoni Adam, 1941: synonym of
Amphioctopus robsoni (Adam, 1941) •
Octopus robustus Brock, 1887: synonym of
Hapalochlaena fasciata (Hoyle, 1886) •
Octopus roosevelti Stuart, 1941: synonym of
Octopus oculifer Hoyle, 1904 •
Octopus ruber Rafinesque, 1814: synonym of
Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 •
Octopus rufus Risso, 1854: synonym of
Scaeurgus unicirrhus (Delle Chiaje [in de Férussac & d'Orbigny], 1841) •
Octopus salebrosus Sasaki, 1920: synonym of
Sasakiopus salebrosus (Sasaki, 1920) •
Octopus saluzzii Naef, 1923: synonym of
Octopus salutii Vérany, 1836 •
Octopus saluzzii Vérany, 1840: synonym of
Octopus salutii Vérany, 1836 •
Octopus scorpio (Berry, 1920): synonym of
Macrotritopus defilippi (Vérany, 1851) •
Octopus semipalmatus Owen, 1836: synonym of
Tremoctopus violaceus delle Chiaje, 1830 •
Octopus siamensis Nateewathana & Norman, 1999: synonym of
Amphioctopus siamensis (Nateewathana & Norman, 1999) •
Octopus smedleyi Robson, 1932: synonym of
Amphioctopus aegina (Gray, 1849) •
Octopus sponsalis Fischer & Fischer, 1892: synonym of
Bathypolypus sponsalis (P. Fischer & H. Fischer, 1892) •
Octopus striolatus Dong, 1976: synonym of
Amphioctopus marginatus (Iw. Taki, 1964) •
Octopus taprobanensis Robson, 1926: synonym of
Callistoctopus taprobanensis (Robson, 1926) •
Octopus tenuicirrus Sasaki, 1929: synonym of
Octopus hongkongensis Hoyle, 1885 •
Octopus tetracirrhus Delle Chiaje, 1830: synonym of
Pteroctopus tetracirrhus (Delle Chiaje, 1830) •
Octopus tetradynamus Rafinesque, 1814: synonym of
Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 •
Octopus titanotus Troschel, 1857: synonym of
Pteroctopus tetracirrhus (Delle Chiaje, 1830) •
Octopus tonganus Hoyle, 1885: synonym of
Abdopus tonganus (Hoyle, 1885) •
Octopus tritentaculatus Risso, 1854: synonym of
Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 •
Octopus troscheli Targioni-Tozzetti, 1869: synonym of
Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 •
Octopus troschelii Targioni-Tozzetti, 1869: synonym of
Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 •
Octopus tuberculatus Risso, 1854: synonym of
Ocythoe tuberculata Rafinesque, 1814 •
Octopus tuberculatus Targioni-Tozzetti, 1869: synonym of
Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 •
Octopus tuberculatus de Blainville, 1826: synonym of
Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 •
Octopus unicirrhus Delle Chiaje [in de Férussac & d'Orbigny], 1841: synonym of
Scaeurgus unicirrhus (Delle Chiaje [in de Férussac & d'Orbigny], 1841) •
Octopus varunae Oommen, 1971: synonym of
Amphioctopus varunae (Oommen, 1971) •
Octopus velatus Rang, 1837: synonym of
Tremoctopus violaceus delle Chiaje, 1830 •
Octopus velifer de Férussac, 1835: synonym of
Tremoctopus violaceus delle Chiaje, 1830 •
Octopus veranyi Wagner, 1829: synonym of
Ocythoe tuberculata Rafinesque, 1814 •
Octopus vincenti Pickford, 1955: synonym of
Amphioctopus burryi (Voss, 1950) •
Octopus violaceus Risso, 1854: synonym of
Ocythoe tuberculata Rafinesque, 1814 •
Octopus westerniensis d'Orbigny, 1834: synonym of
Octopus superciliosus Quoy & Gaimard, 1832 •
Octopus winckworthi Robson, 1926: synonym of
Macrochlaena winckworthi (Robson, 1926) The following is part of a
maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree based on 13
protein-coding genes partitioned by
codon, and nodes with less than 70%
bootstrap support are collapsed, forming
polytomies. As depicted here, genus
Octopus (
○) is
polyphyletic: |1=
Muusoctopus johnsonianus |2=
Octopus conispadiceus ○}} |1= |label2=
Octopodidae |2= }} }} ==References==