Paramount Plaza

Paramount Plaza is on 1633 Broadway, near Times Square, in the Theater District of Midtown Manhattan in New York City. The land lot takes up the eastern part of the city block bounded by Eighth Avenue to the west, 50th Street to the south, Broadway to the east, and 51st Street to the north. The lot covers , with a frontage of on Broadway and on 50th and 51st Streets. In the early 20th century, Paramount Plaza's site was occupied by low-rise buildings such as Kerrigan's Cafe. This was replaced by the Capitol Theatre, a movie palace built in 1919. The theater originally had 5,300 seats, but subsequent renovations reduced it to 1,325. The six-story theater building contained offices as well. Next to the theater was a four-story building with a branch of the New York Bank for Savings. ==Architecture==

Paramount Plaza, originally known as the Uris Building, was developed by the Uris Buildings Corporation and designed by Emery Roth. Paramount Plaza has two Broadway theaters: the Gershwin Theatre on the second floor and the smaller Circle in the Square Theatre in the basement. The building is named after its owner, the Paramount Group; it is not related to media conglomerate Paramount Global, which is headquartered nearby at One Astor Plaza but also has offices at Paramount Plaza. Form and facade Under normal zoning regulations, the maximum floor area ratio (FAR) for any building on the tower's site was 15, but the developers received two bonuses of 20 percent each, bringing the FAR to 21.6. The developers had to include privately owned public spaces at the building's base for the first bonus, and they built new theaters for the second bonus. The Gershwin and Circle in the Square Theatres were built under a 1968 regulation that allowed office buildings to include a legitimate theater in exchange for additional floor area. The inclusion of the theaters allowed the Uris Buildings Corporation to add four more stories than would typically have been allowed. At the base of Paramount Plaza runs a promenade that connects 50th and 51st Street. The promenade measures tall and wide, with a terrazzo floor and advertisements on the walls. A separate, parallel driveway for vehicles is immediately to the west; Paul Goldberger criticized the building as having brought "nothing more than Third Avenue banality to a part of town that, whatever its social problems, has always been visually spectacular." Plazas The building originally contained two sunken plazas, A 2000 study of privately owned public spaces in New York City ranked 1633 Broadway's plazas as "circulation" and "hiatus" spaces, which were not as unwelcoming as "marginal" spaces but also did not attract visitors from across the city or the neighborhood. The southern sunken plaza has an entrance to the 50th Street station of the New York City Subway, The theme restaurant Mars 2112 had opened within the northern sunken plaza in November 1998 and closed in January 2012. It contained a UFO-like elevator, a "Mars Bar", a "Space Arcade", and a three-story Crystal Crater. After Mars 2112 closed, a glass retail cube was installed in the northern part of the plaza. The cube, designed by MdeAS Architects, serves as an entrance to a double-level retail space in the basement, which spans . Interior According to the New York City Department of City Planning, Paramount Plaza has a gross floor area of and is divided into 47 ownership condominiums. Some offices were fitted with additional decorations; for example, accounting firm Touche, Ross, Bailey Smart added curving staircases between two of its five floors. Theaters Paramount Plaza has two Broadway theaters: the Gershwin Theatre and the Circle in the Square Theatre. Paramount Plaza's two venues, along with the Minskoff and American Place theaters, were constructed under the Special Theater District amendment of 1967 as a way to give their respective developers additional floor area. in what was described as an Art Nouveau style. Escalators and a staircase lead from the ground floor to the Gershwin Theater's second-floor lobby, which contains the American Theater Hall of Fame. The Gershwin's seats are spread across two levels: an orchestra and a smaller mezzanine. The stage was designed with a flexible layout and could be disassembled or extended forward. The Gershwin was the first commercial theater in the U.S. to have a completely automated rigging system. The Nederlander Organization operates the theater. The Circle in the Square Theatre contains 650 seats and is in the building's basement. It was designed by Allen Sayles, with a lighting system designed by Jules Fisher. The Circle operates its own venue, which was originally known as the Circle in the Square–Joseph E. Levine Theatre. The space was originally meant as an off-Broadway house with fewer than 500 seats, but the Circle's artistic director Theodore Mann and its managing director Paul Libin increased the capacity by relocating columns and replaced steps with ramps. The top of the auditorium contains soundproof panels, which minimized noise from police horses when the theater opened. The Circle contains a thrust stage, with seats surrounding it on three sides. It is one of two Broadway houses with a thrust stage; the other is Lincoln Center's Vivian Beaumont Theater. Because of the stage's unconventional design, theatrical critics negatively reviewed it, while directors had difficulty staging productions there. ==History==

After World War II, development of theaters around Times Square stalled, and the area began to evolve into a business district. In 1966, the year before plans for the Uris Building were announced, companies had signed leases for of office space in Manhattan, the highest level in several years. The amount of office space being developed at the time was not sufficient to meet demand. The Uris Buildings Corporation bought an option in April 1967 to acquire the Capitol Theatre and the land around it from the theater's owner, Loews Cineplex Entertainment. At the time, Uris was considering replacing the theater with an office building but had made no definite plans. In October 1967, the New York City Planning Commission (CPC) proposed the Special Theater District Zoning Amendment, which gave zoning bonuses to office-building developers who included theaters. The proposed legislation would directly allow theaters in One Astor Plaza and the Uris Building, which would be the first completely new Broadway theaters since the Mark Hellinger Theatre was completed in 1930. The CPC approved the theater amendment that November, and the New York City Board of Estimate gave final approval to the proposal the next month. The Uris Buildings Corporation agreed in February 1968 to build a second theater, the Circle in the Square Theatre, in the basement upon the CPC's request. The new theater was originally supposed to be an experimental theater with 300 to 375 seats, but this was then increased to 650 seats. In April 1968, the CPC scheduled a public hearing to determine whether the Astor and Uris theater permits should be approved. Six parties testified in favor; the Shubert Organization, the largest operator of Broadway theaters, was the only dissenting speaker. The CPC approved the theaters over the Shuberts' objections, as did the Board of Estimate. The Capitol was closed on September 16, 1968, to make way for what is now Paramount Plaza. That month, Uris made a tentative deal with James M. Nederlander and Gerard Oestricher to operate the Uris Theatre, the larger of the building's two theaters. To fund the building's construction, Uris borrowed $62 million from a consortium of banks led by Irving Trust. Much of the space had been rented by November 1969. Among the early tenants with several floors of space were accounting firm Touche, Ross, Bailey Smart; automotive appliance manufacturer Bendix International; and the New York Telephone Company. Even so, the inclusion of theaters inside the Uris Building raised construction costs, even as office tenants were scarce. By 1970, a combined of office space was being developed along Broadway in Midtown, much of which stood vacant due to a slowdown in office leasing. That December, the city's Department of Air Resources issued summonses to several contractors at the Uris Building after the department found that contractors were spraying asbestos fireproofing in violation of environmental laws. Sears, Roebuck and Company sought to lease much of the building's remaining office space, but the deal initially failed in mid-1971. Opening and early years The building officially opened in August 1971. and had its first performance on November 15. The Uris Theatre on the building's second floor opened on November 19 of that year. moving in the next year. City officials praised the lease, which was expanded in November 1973 to 15 stories, as part of a revitalization of the Times Square neighborhood. Meanwhile, after Percy Uris had died in 1971, his brother Harold began negotiating to sell off all his company's assets, including 1633 Broadway. By late 1973, National Kinney Corporation had bought a majority stake in the Uris properties. The Uris Buildings Corporation failed to pay the construction loan, which was due at the end of December 1973 and was extended multiple times. Irving Trust and the other lenders launched foreclosure proceedings in March 1974, the first time in a decade that a new office building in New York City had been foreclosed upon. Harold Uris had opposed the foreclosure proceeding, saying: "Hell would freeze over before I would have let a Uris building go under like that." After J. C. Penney leased of space that August, only five percent of the space was still vacant. However, Newsday reported in December 1975 that the building had a 10 percent vacancy rate, even though its owners had spent millions of dollars on renovations. Other tenants at the time included the City University of New York. Irving Trust sold the building in October 1976 to a private investment group. The buyer, Metropolitan Realty Investments, paid $80 million; it represented the Otto family of Germany, which operated in the United States under the Paramount Group name. Sears announced in 1978 that it would relocate most of its 2,000 employees at the Uris Building to the Sears Tower in Chicago. The next year, the United States Postal Service announced it would move a regional headquarters into part of the former Sears space, and James Talcott Factors Inc. also leased some space. 1980s to 2000s By 1980, the structure was known as Paramount Plaza; the city government classified the new name as a vanity address. At that time, Sears had moved its remaining employees out of the building. Two years later, Lüchow's restaurant leased space in one of the sunken plazas. Among the building's other office tenants during the decade were New American Library and the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service. In 1987, J. C. Penney indicated that it intended to move all of its New York City employees to Dallas, freeing up a large amount of office space at Paramount Plaza; the relocation was completed by 1994. Landscape architect Thomas Balsley redesigned the building's public plaza in the late 1980s, as the plaza had been fairly unsuccessful despite the presence of retail tenants. Balsley added landscaping and benches to the ground-level portion of the plaza, and he added fountains, staircases, and new lighting and floor surfaces to the sunken plazas. The redesign took more than two years. At the time, the building had few tenants in the music industry, even though many music-related companies had historically been headquartered nearby in the Brill Building. It subsequently subleased to Paramount Communications' parent company Viacom. cable TV network Showtime, law firm Brobeck, Phleger & Harrison, and the American Management Association. In 1999, Nickelodeon opened an animation studio for Nick Jr programs in the building. Paramount Group hired a consultant in late 1995 to study uses for the building's retail spaces. Subsequently, the stores were renovated and leased to three tenants in the late 1990s. Mars 2112 leased the northern plaza, Cosi Sandwiches leased a ground-floor storefront, and fitness club Equinox took space in the concourse and sub-concourse. and financial firm FleetBoston also rented three stories. Other tenants included the Bank of America, which had a trading floor there. During that decade, Paramount Plaza contained a business center shared by several small tenants. By the late 2000s, Paramount Group was marketing some of the building's office space for short-term lease. 2010s to present In 2010, financial services company Allianz announced it would move its North American headquarters to 1633 Broadway, receiving the right to place its name atop the building's roof. as did Carnegie Hall. The next year, Paramount Group partnered with Beacon Capital Group to acquire Merrill Lynch & Co., Bank of America, and Morgan Stanley's 49 percent ownership stake. The deal valued the building at $2 billion. Paramount then marketed a partial ownership stake in the building. Additionally, the owners hired Phillips Group in 2011 to renovate the lobby. Music conglomerate Warner Music Group leased six floors in 2013, and Kasowitz Benson Torres renewed its lease the same year. The same year, toy store FAO Schwarz was negotiating to lease some retail space in 1633 Broadway, but the deal failed. Paramount then announced plans to replace the northern sunken plaza with a glass retail cube. which was finalized the next February. Deloitte announced in early 2016 that it would vacate a section of the building. Several office tenants signed leases in the late 2010s, including the Clinton Foundation, newspaper company Gannett, database company MongoDB, and investment manager New Mountain Capital. The building was refinanced in November 2019 for $1.25 billion, a move that raised $140 million for Paramount. The sale was completed the next month at a price of $240 million. This provided extra cash for the firm amid a decline in office leasing due to the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City. however, the restaurant's opening was not announced until 2024. Amid fears that many of Paramount Plaza's tenants could leave or pay lower rents once their leases expired, Fitch Ratings reduced the credit rating of Paramount Plaza's mortgage in 2024. By the end of that year, Paramount Plaza was 95% occupied, and Paramount Group had spent $230 million on building upgrades to date since 2010. Paramount Global, one of the tenants, began looking to sublease at Paramount Plaza in 2025 after downsizing its workforce. Paramount Group was acquired by Rithm Capital in December 2025, and Rithm took over ownership of the building. ==Tenants==

As of October 31, 2019, the building was 98.4% leased to tenants including: • Floors 2–3: Bleacher Report • Floors 4 and 7–11: Warner Music Group • Floors 13-17: Showtime Networks • Floors 18 and 28: Industrial and Commercial Bank of China • Floors 37–38: MongoDB Inc. • Floors 39–40: Charter Communications (and brand Spectrum) • Floor 41: Virtu Financial • Floors 42–46: Allianz (and subsidiary PIMCO) • Floors 47–48: New Mountain Capital ==See also==