Alabama In December 2023, the
NAACP, Greater Birmingham Ministries, and Black voters in
Montgomery, Alabama filed a lawsuit against Republican
Alabama Secretary of State Wes Allen, arguing that five
Alabama State Senate districts in Montgomery and
Huntsville, Alabama unfairly split the Black voting population in those regions. The
ACLU and
Southern Poverty Law Center also joined the lawsuit. In August 2025, federal judge
Anna M. Manasco ruled that Alabama could not use the current map could not be used for a state Senate election, stating that the Montgomery districts violated Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act, but that the Huntsville districts did not. Allen planned to file an appeal and to ask for the
U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Alabama to hold further judgment until
Louisiana v. Callais was decided by the Supreme Court.
Alaska In April 2025, 11
American Samoans in
Whittier, Alaska were charged by the state of Alaska with lying about U.S. citizenship and voter fraud. These charges were brought by
Treg Taylor, the then-Republican Attorney General of Alaska. American Samoans do not have automatic U.S. citizenship and are instead
U.S. nationals, so they do not have the right to vote in most elections or hold public office.
California In April 2025,
Clint Curtis was appointed as the county clerk and registrar of voters in
Shasta County, California. Curtis is connected to
Mike Lindell,
Steve Bannon, and
Michael Flynn; The next month, Curtis fired the assistant county registrar of voters, a decision that was criticized across the political spectrum due to her extensive election experience. Curtis initially planned to relocate the county election services to an unused retail building and add dozens of cameras to livestream ballot counting, but the Shasta County Board of Supervisors did not vote on his plan, rejecting it in effect. The
California Secretary of State office warned that recording the ballot process risked voter privacy and election security.
Georgia In September 2025, the
Georgia Republican Party submitted a series of proposals to an election study committee, led by Republicans, in the Georgia state legislature. These proposals included ending early voting, absentee ballots, and automatic voter registration.
Voter roll purges In July 2025, Georgia Secretary of State
Brad Raffensperger announced plans to send cancellation notices to 477,883 registered voters who did not vote in 2022 or 2024. He later announced that his office would warn 218,951 registered voters who have not voted since 2019. He sent a letter to Congress urging them to update the
National Voter Registration Act based on Georgia's election maintenance policies. He also lobbied for voter ID and forbidding ballot harvesting.
Fair Fight Action accused Raffensperger's policies of being "voter suppression by administrative process" and launched a tool to help voters lookup if they are on the list to be purged.
Fulton County In May 2025, the Democratic majority of the
Fulton County, Georgia Board of Commissioners voted against approving
Julie Adams and Jason Frazier, who were nominated by the Fulton County Republican Party, disqualifying them due to their past actions. Adams refused to certify the 2024 primary elections and Frazier challenged thousands of voters in the county. The county GOP party sued to pressure the board to accept their nominees. The judge in the case supported the Republican Party's stance and ordered the board to appoint the two. When the board did not, the judge held the board in contempt and ordered them to pay a fine of $10,000 per day to the state, as well as the county GOP's legal fees, until they complied. This fine was put on hold while the board appealed.
Illinois In 2022,
Mike Bost and two federal electors filed a lawsuit against the Illinois State Board of Elections, alleging that a state law, which allowed for the counting of mail-in ballots up to 14 days after an election, had violated federal law.
Judicial Watch represented Bost in the case. In June 2025, the Supreme Court agreed to hear
the case during their next term starting in October 2025.
Louisiana In May 2025, Louisiana Secretary of State
Nancy Landry announced that the state would use a voter maintenance database from DOGE, which also included immigration status and death records information.
Maine During the
2025 Maine referendums, the
Question 1 proposal, if implemented, would have mandated voter identification and significantly reduced absentee voting and ballot drop boxes. The initiative was supported by Dinner Table PAC, which promoted it by raising over $600,000, which was primarily donated by the
Republican State Leadership Committee.
Missouri In 2025, the
Missouri General Assembly used the
previous question procedure to overturn two citizen initiatives that were passed during the 2024 election:
one regarding mandatory paid sick leave and the
other on abortion access. Republican members of the Freedom Caucus also expressed interest in reforming the citizen's initiative process, stating that they wanted to increase the difficulty of amending the
Missouri state constitution. In October 2025, after about 100,000 signatures were gathered for a referendum to oppose
redistricting in Missouri, Republican Missouri Secretary of State
Denny Hoskins announced that signatures gathered before he approved the referendum were invalid, and that attempting to count them would be illegal. Republican Missouri Attorney General
Catherine Hanaway also submitted a lawsuit in federal court claiming that a referendum should not apply to Missouri's redistricting proposal.
St. Louis Public Radio noted that Hanaway's lawsuit could affect similar referendums in Utah and California.
New York In the aftermath of the Republican primary in District 47 during the
2025 New York City Council election, at least seven potentially fraudulent ballots were found, three from dead voters and four who never previously voted in local primary elections. An additional 22 uncounted ballots were found from one district that, according to a lawyer for candidate Richie Barsamian, were all for Barsamian, the chairman of the
Kings County GOP. The number of ballots that were possibly fraudulent was reportedly larger than the margin of victory. In April 2025, Petros Krommidas, a Democratic candidate for the
Nassau County Legislature in the
2025 Nassau County, New York legislature elections, disappeared at sea and is presumed dead by family, friends and colleagues. Nassau County Democrats attempted to replace him with a different candidate. In response, two Republican voters filed a lawsuit to prevent Krommidas from being replaced, claiming that he was only missing and not
legally dead. A state judge sided with the plaintiffs and ordered for local election officials to keep Krommidas' name on the ballot. Democratic officials described these efforts as "cruel" and "heartless".
North Carolina In April 2025, the
North Carolina Court of Appeals issued an anonymous ruling that Republican
North Carolina State Auditor Dave Boliek was allowed to control the
North Carolina State Board of Elections, removing power from the Democratic governor
Josh Stein. This decision – which had only two sentences and did not include an explanation – would result in both the state and county boards of elections having a Republican majority. Stein speculated that this ruling was part of an attempt to overturn the
2024 North Carolina Supreme Court election. This change was made possible by the state Republican Party organizing a legislative session shortly after the 2024 election with the stated purpose of passing a bill for hurricane relief. Boliek would then appoint to the board the former president of the
Civitas Institute, Francis De Luca, and former Republican state Senator
Bob Rucho. In May 2025, the board then fired the executive director and replaced her with Sam Hayes, the general counsel to the Republican speaker of the
North Carolina House, Destin Hall. In September 2025,
Dallas Woodhouse, the former executive director of the
North Carolina Republican Party, was appointed by Boliek to oversee all North Carolina county election boards. The appointment was announced in private and the role, election oversight liaison, was just established. In 2016, Woodhouse told members of county election boards to "make party line changes to early voting", including reducing hours at polling locations and removing polling locations at colleges. Woodhouse previously worked for American Majority, whose goal
WRAL described as "to help Republicans and hurt Democrats in elections." In April 2025, the North Carolina Supreme Court ruled that overseas non-resident voters registered in North Carolina can only vote in federal elections, not local or state elections. Republican state representative
Hugh Blackwell introduced a bill that officially stated would formalize the position of the North Carolina State Board of Elections regarding overseas voting. However, voting rights advocates expressed concern that it would remove the right to vote of overseas non-resident voters in the state. In April 2025, the
Ohio House of Representatives passed a budget bill that proposed replacing elections for
coroners with appointments by county boards of commissioners. Several Ohio coroners expressed concern that they were not previously consulted, that there was no debate, and that appointed coroners risked losing independence and becoming politicized.
Oklahoma In May 2025,
Ryan Walters, the
Oklahoma Superintendent of Public Instruction announced a new policy for academic
social studies in K-12 public schools to include
false claims of electoral fraud related to the 2020 United States presidential election as part of the curriculum. Walter had appointed
Kevin Roberts of the
Heritage Foundation and
Dennis Prager to revise these new standards.
Texas In May 2025, Texas attorney general Ken Paxton charged six people with "vote harvesting", including a county executive, a county elections worker, a school board trustee, and two City Council members. In 2021, the
Texas Legislature prohibited ballot collection in a large amount or in exchange for payment, deeming such practices as "vote harvesting services". The Republican Party historically has attempted to reduce the use of intermediaries for voting in elections, but others argued that some voters may need third parties to turn in their ballots. The League of United Latin American Citizens has criticized the charges as "voter suppression 101" and accused Paxton of targeting Hispanic and Democratic voters. In July 2025, nine Latino Democratic Party political officials and operatives were indicted by Audrey Gossett Louis, a Republican district attorney who worked with Paxton, with the latter charging the nine with "ballot harvesting". In September 2025, the
Republican Party of Texas (RPT) sued the state of Texas in federal court, asking to change its primaries from being open (where residents can vote in either Democratic or Republican primary elections, but not both) to closed (where only registered Republicans can vote). The RPT claimed that open primaries "violates [its] First Amendment rights" and accused Democratic or independent voters of voting in the Republican primary elections to oppose the candidates that the RPT preferred to win. One of the proposed amendments during the
2025 Texas constitutional amendment election asked voters whether the
Texas state constitution should clarify that non-citizens are not allowed to vote. Voting by non-citizens is already prohibited by both state and federal law. Civil rights activists criticized the measure as promoting discrimination and discouraging legal voting. The map was approved by the commission, and the county and O'Hare were sued, claiming that the map
racially discriminates and violates both the
Voting Rights Act and the
United States Constitution.
Redistricting critics alleged that the map would increase the likelihood that the Democratic-leaning precincts would become Republican-controlled. O'Hare responded, "Tarrant County is alive and well in terms of being a red county and we intend to keep it that way." In August 2025, the county filed a motion to dismiss the lawsuit, claiming a lack of jurisdiction by the court, no protection under the Voting Rights Act, and no evidence of racial discrimination. In August 2025, commissioners voted to reduce the number of Election Day polling sites from 331 to 216, and to close several
early voting sites, claiming that such a move was intended to save money for non-presidential elections with lower turnouts. Critics of the vote alleged that voter suppression of Black, Hispanic, and college-aged voters. A Texas law passed in May 2025 reduced the minimum number of Election Day voting sites in Tarrant County from 347 to 212. Also in August 2025, the Tarrant County Commissioners Court voted to reduce meetings from twice a month to once a month, a change that was criticized by meeting attendees as "undemocratic".
Wyoming In August 2025, Wyoming Secretary of State
Chuck Gray announced his support for Trump's statements on mail-in ballots and voting machines. Gray said that he presented a draft bill to the Wyoming Legislature that mandated paper ballots, and that this bill was advanced for the 2026 Legislative Session.
Efforts in multiple states Redistricting As of October 2025, Republicans have implemented
redistricting initiatives in
Texas,
Missouri, and North Carolina, (totaling seven new Republican leaning seats in the House of Representatives Nebraska, Trump has pressured Republican politicians across the country to participate in redistricting, with Trump associates threatening primary challenges against Republican officials who did not comply. Trump believed that redistricting (alongside ending mail-in voting) would give the Republican Party an additional 100-seat majority in the House of Representatives.
Proof-of-citizenship Several laws attempting to require proof-of-citizenship for voting were introduced in 2025, including in Texas and Florida.
Appointment of election deniers to local election boards Since the 2024 elections, election deniers have been working in local boards of elections and elections offices across the United States, including in Georgia and Arizona. Some of the election deniers have ties to the
Election Integrity Network.
Voting restrictions According to
Voting Rights Lab, between January and August of 2025, 35 laws were passed in 19 states for restricting voting rights or disrupting the running of elections.
False voter fraud allegations Republican Attorneys General and Secretaries of State in states such as Alaska, Idaho, Ohio and Louisiana have made announcements of dozens or hundreds of potential cases of fraudulent voting or voter registration, some of which have been recommended for prosecution. However,
Democracy Docket reported that research has consistently shown that
non-citizen voting is rare and has not affected the results of federal elections. Voting and policy experts expressed concern about the sensationalist nature of these announcements, that mistakes are treated as fraudulent, and that the prosecutions are meant as a
chilling effect to prevent people from voting. == Non-governmental actions ==