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2021 24 Hours of Le Mans

The 89th 24 Hours of Le Mans was a 24-hour automobile endurance race for teams of three drivers each entering Le Mans Prototype (LMP) and Le Mans Grand Touring Endurance (LMGTE) cars held between 21 and 22 August 2021, at the Circuit de la Sarthe, close to Le Mans, France, before 50,000 spectators. It was the event's 89th edition, as organised by the automotive group, the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO) since 1923. The event, the fourth round of the 2021 FIA World Endurance Championship, was postponed from June to August to increase the likelihood of admitting spectators to the race amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in France. A test day was held a week prior to the event on 15 August.

Background
, where the race was held Pre-race, Toyota trio Sébastien Buemi, Brendon Hartley and Kazuki Nakajima led the Hypercar Drivers' Championship with 75 points, over their teammates Mike Conway, Kamui Kobayashi and José María López with 69 points. With 60 points, Alpine's Nicolas Lapierre, André Negrão and Matthieu Vaxivière were third, with Glickenhaus' Romain Dumas and Richard Westbrook fourth. In the GTE Drivers' Championship, Porsche's Kévin Estre and Neel Jani led with 76 points ahead of AF Corse's James Calado and Alessandro Pier Guidi in second, and their third-placed teammates Miguel Molina and Daniel Serra. It was made the fourth, not the third round of the 2021 FIA World Endurance Championship. The ACO confirmed it would admit a maximum of about 50,000 spectators to the circuit, Face masks had to be worn; the paddock was separated from each of the fan sections. == Regulation change ==
Regulation change
A new Le Mans Hypercar (LMH) class, with regulations intended to reduce costs and improve competition created jointly by the ACO and the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), replaced the ageing and more expensive Le Mans Prototype LMP1 category. Manufacturers were allowed to construct either specifications of road-going cars or specifically designed prototype vehicles powered by either a hybrid or a non-hybrid system. The minimum weight and maximum power output of LMH class cars were capped. ==Entries==
Entries
Entries for the race were open from 4 December 2020 to 23 February 2021. Automatic entries Teams that won their class in the 2020 24 Hours of Le Mans, or won championships in the European Le Mans Series (ELMS), Asian Le Mans Series (ALMS), and the Michelin Le Mans Cup (MLMC) earned automatic entry invitations. The second-place finishers in the 2020 ELMS in LMP2 and LMGTE championships each earned an automatic invitation. Two participants from the IMSA SportsCar Championship (IMSA) were chosen by the ACO to be automatic entries, regardless of their performance or category. As teams were granted invitations, they were allowed to change their cars from the previous year but not their category. The 2020 European and 2021 Asian LMP3 (Le Mans Prototype 3) champion was required to field an entry in LMP2. The 2020 MLMC Group GT3 (GT3) champion was limited to the LMGTE Am category. The ACO announced the final list of automatic entries on 5 March 2021. Entry list and reserves The ACO announced the full 62 car entry list on 9 March. In addition to the 33 guaranteed WEC entries, 14 came from the ELMS, five from IMSA, seven from the ALMS and two one-off Le Mans entries. There were 30 cars in the two LMP classes, 31 in each of the two LMGTE categories and one innovative entry. Garage 56 The Garage 56 concept to test new technologies at Le Mans returned after a half-decade absence. The ACO granted the innovative spot to Frédéric Sausset's La Filière by SRT41 team, who had deferred their planned entry from the 2020 event to the following year's race because of the COVID-19 pandemic. It entered the Graff-prepared  84 Oreca 07-Gibson car converted to an adapted automobile fitted with a braking, clutch and throttle system controlled by paraplegic drivers Takuma Aoki and Nigel Bailly from a hand-controlled steering wheel. Their non-disabled co-driver Matthieu Lahaye could drive the vehicle normally. The team participated in the four-hour ELMS rounds in France and Spain as a precursor to the longer race at Le Mans. == Pre-race balance of performance changes ==
Pre-race balance of performance changes
The FIA and ACO imposed a balance of performance to maintain a separation between the Hypercar and LMP2 categories. The Alpine A480-Gibson car received a maximum stint energy allowance of , a reduction from or eight per cent from the preceding 6 Hours of Monza. The Glickenhaus SCG 007 LMH and Toyota GR010 Hybrid vehicles had no performance changes. In LMGTE Pro, of weight was removed from the Ferrari 488 GTE Evo for easier handling, and its fuel capacity was raised by . The Porsche 911 RSR-19 received weight, fuel capacity, and air restrictor diameter increases. The LMGTE Am minimum weights were shared by each team per manufacturer, with the Ferraris and Porsches heavier than their Pro equivalents and the Aston Martin Vantage AMR lighter at . ==Testing==
Testing
A test day held on 15 August, one week prior to the race, required all entrants to participate in eight hours of driving divided into two sessions. A majority of signed drivers were involved as well as actor Michael Fassbender driving the No. 77 Dempsey-Proton Racing Porsche; Emmanuel Collard was the No. 83 AF Corse Ferrari's test driver; Laurents Hörr shared the Duqueine Team Oreca 07-Gibson; Gustavo Menezes was nominated to drive both of the Glickenhaus entries, and Pierre Sancinéna joined SRT41's team for test day. Only 11 drivers were granted dispensation to miss testing because they were entered in Formula E's season-ending Berlin ePrix. being driven during the test day Toyota led the first session with a 3:31.263-minute lap by Hartley in the No. 8 Toyota. Lapierre was a quarter of a second slower in the grandfathered LMP1 No. 36 Alpine A480 car; Conway's No. 7 Toyota recorded the third-quickest lap. Olivier Pla put the No. 709 Glickenhaus fourth overall. Paul di Resta set the fastest LMP2 lap time with a 3:33.429 driving the No. 23 United Autosports Oreca, ahead of Phil Hanson's No. 22 sister car, Yifei Ye's debuting No. 41 Team WRT entry and Oliver Jarvis' No. 82 Risi Competizione vehicle. Porsche were first and second in LMGTE Pro with Estre's No. 92 car ahead of the No. 91 sister team of Gianmaria Bruni. The highest-placed Ferrari was Calado's third-placed No. 51 AF Corse entry. The second session saw Glickenhaus move atop when Pla turned in a 3:29.115-minute lap in the No. 709 car with less than ten minutes left. Conway improved the No. 7 Toyota to second place after leading for most of the session; Nakajima's No. 8 car went from first to third. Lapierre's No. 36 Alpine was fourth with Romain Dumas' No. 708 Gilckenhaus fifth. Paul-Loup Chatin bettered LMP2's fastest lap with a time of 3:31.105, leading IDEC Sport's No. 48 team ahead of Will Stevens' No. 65 Panis Racing car and Louis Delétraz's No. 41 WRT entry. United Autosports fell to fourth and fifth after laps by Di Resta and Filipe Albuquerque. In LMGTE Pro, Porsche took the first three positions as Earl Bamber led with a 3:52.901-minute time in the No. 79 WeatherTech Racing Porsche, but he did not better Estre's first session lap. The German company also led in LMGTE Am with the fastest lap set by Harry Tincknell in the No. 99 Proton Competition car. After testing IDEC Sport reconstructed the No. 17 Oreca around a new chassis during the session following contact with Dwight Merriman and the No. 31 WRT car. IDEC subsequently signed former Rebellion driver Thomas Laurent to share the No. 17 car replacing the injured Kyle Tilley, who had withdrawn from the NASCAR Cup and Xfinity Series races at Indianapolis Motor Speedway. ==Practice==
Practice
The first three-hour practice session took place on the afternoon of 18 August. Marco Sørensen damaged the No. 20 High Class Racing car's front-right corner in a collision with a tyre barrier exiting the pit lane. António Félix da Costa's No. 28 Jota entry collided with Antonio Fuoco's No. 47 Cetilar car at Tertre Rouge turn; both accidents forced separate stoppages to the session. The shorter two-hour session followed that evening. Serra locked up heavily at Mulsanne Corner and sustained a right-front puncture damaging his car's right-front corner. With the car stopped just past Arnage corner, this caused a red-flag period for removal and debris cleanup. The session concluded three minutes early when Robby Foley struck the Tertre Rouge corner tyre barriers with the rear of the No. 46 Project 1 car. Foley left the vehicle unaided. the FIA Endurance Committee issued an updated bulletin detailing immediate balance of performance adjustments to the LMGTE Pro and Am class Ferrari 488 GTEs, lowering its boost levels across all RPM ranges equating to a decrease of and consequently reducing the car's fuel capacity by . The next three-hour session was held the following afternoon. There were a series of accidents stopping the session twice. Separate crashes by Merriman's No. 17 IDEC car and Juan Pablo Montoya's No. 21 DragonSpeed entering the Dunlop Curve corner saw front and rear damage to both vehicles and required repairs to the right-hand side barriers and track cleanups. Nakajima removed the No. 8 Toyota's rear wing crashing into the left-hand Indianapolis corner wall and returned to the pit lane following trackside recovery. The session was ended prematurely, with fifteen minutes remaining, when Ollie Milroy lost control of the Inception Ferrari on the inside kerb entering the Ford Chicane at high speed and damaging its right-rear corner against the barrier. IDEC sidelined its No. 17 car for repairs following its third practice session accident as was the No. 49 High Class car, which was undergoing an engine change. Inception Racing worked late in the evening to rebuild their Ferrari around a replacement chassis. ==Qualifying==
Qualifying
Divided into two sessions, the first one-hour qualifying session determined the race's starting order except for the fastest six vehicles in each class. They advanced to a half-hour shootout called "Le Mans Hyperpole", which determined the car to start on pole position in all four classes. Cars were placed in starting order by category, with every Hypercar at the front of the field regardless of lap time, followed by LMP2, LMGTE Pro and LMGTE Am. The vehicles were placed with the six qualifying Hyperpole cars by quickest Hyperpole session lap time first, followed by the rest of the non-qualifying Hyperpole class vehicles by fastest lap time set during the first qualifying session. In LMP2, the qualifiers were Félix da Costa's No. 38 Jota entry along with entries from De Vries of Racing Team Nederland, Delétraz's No. 41 WRT car, Panis Racing's No. 65 car with Will Stevens, and the No. 32 and 23 United Autosports vehicles of Nico Jamin and Di Resta. The LMGTE Pro Hyperpole qualifiers were Serra's No. 52 and Calado's 51 AF Corse Ferraris as well as Estre's No. 92 Porsche, Tandy's No. 64 Corvette, Hub Auto Racing's Dries Vanthoor and Bruni's No. 91 Porsche. LMGTE Am saw the four competing manufacturers qualify for the Hyperpole portion of qualifying. They were Andlauer's No. 88 Dempsey-Proton Porsche, Ben Barker's GR Racing entry, Fuoco's No. 47 Cetilar Ferrari, Inception Racing's No. 71 Ferrari used by Ben Barnicoat, Cairoli's No. 56 Team Project 1 Porsche and TF Sport's No. 33 Aston Martin of Felipe Fraga. Paul Dalla Lana lost control of the No. 98 Aston Martin and spun backwards in the gravel trap at the Dunlop Esses. Rahel Frey's No. 85 Ferrari almost did the same at this corner. Both incidents disrupted the session. Kobayashi recorded the fastest lap at 3:23.900 to achieve his fourth pole position and third in succession in five years at Le Mans. Hartley put the other Toyota second and Lapierre's Alpine was the highest-placed grandfathered LMP1 car third ahead of the Glickenhaus' of Pla and Dumas. Jota's Félix da Costa claimed the LMP2 pole position with a 3:27.950-minute lap. In second through sixth were the WRT (Delétraz), Panis Racing (Stevens), G-Drive (De Vries), and the United Autosports (Jamin and Di Resta) entries. The three GTE manufacturers occupied the first three places in LMGTE Pro. Dries Vanthoor secured the class pole position in the HubAuto Porsche ahead of Serra of AF Corse and Tandy's Corvette. Porsche qualified in the first three positions in LMGTE Am with Andlauer's Dempsey-Proton vehicle on pole position from Barker's GR Racing entry and Cairoli's Project 1 car. Estre lost control entering Indianapolis corner and damaged the No. 92 Porsche's rear-end, striking the barrier on the driver's right at high speed, which stopped the session with 22 minutes remaining. After qualifying, Porsche began replacing the No. 92 car's heavily damaged chassis with a replacement but were not permitted by ACO regulations to switch the vehicle completely. Porsche were given a 20-minute shakedown session to test the reconstructed vehicle on the nearby Le Mans Airport runway during the night of 20 August. The WEC Committee opted to lower the LMGTE Pro-class Chevrolet Corvette C8.R's minimum weight by to and reduce its fuel capacity by ; the Ferrari 488 GTE Evo's fuel capacity was reduced by in a Balance of Performance adjustment. That same day, IDEC withdrew its No. 17 car following Merriman's third practice session accident, lowering the field to 61 entries. Qualifying results Pole positions in each class are denoted in bold. ==Warm-up==
Warm-up
A 15-minute warm-up session for teams to check their cars took place on the morning of 21 August. Buemi lapped fastest at 3:28.529 with his teammate Conway second-quickest and Lapierre third for Alpine. United Autosports' Alex Lynn Led LMP2 with a 3:32.841-minute lap from teammate Jamin in second. Estre was fastest in LMGTE Pro from his Porsche teammate Bruni; Barnicoat put Ferrari quickest in LMGTE Am. While the session passed with no major incidents, Robin Frijns, Sean Gelael, Robert Kubica and Ricky Taylor each lost control of their LMP2 cars; all were undamaged. ==Race==
Race
Start At the start, the circuit was wet from a heavy rain that fell less than an hour before the event began. The ambient temperature was between and the track temperature ranged from . John Elkann, Ferrari's chairperson, waved the French tricolor at 16:00 local time to start the event in front of 50,000 spectators, as race control declared the running of three formation laps behind the safety car because of the wet conditions. Leaving the grid, Tommy Milner appeared to experience difficulty accelerating his No. 64 Corvette past the stalled High Class ORECA LMP2 entry that was slow to drive away from the grid after a mechanic left a movable jack on the car's rear. Because of a fogged-up front windscreen limiting visibility, Calado, in the No. 51 Ferrari, hit Milner, damaging the Corvette's diffuser. (pictured in 2016) was involved in a collision with a Glickenhaus driven by Olivier Pla on the first lap of racing. Green flag action commenced after 13 minutes. Buemi stopped on the Mulsanne Straight's side to reset the Toyota fully before driving wide onto Arnage corner's run-off area, Not long after, Milner was struggling to cope with tyre wear, which was affecting the No. 64 Corvette. Molina moved the No. 52 Ferrari past him for the LMGTE Pro lead into the first Mulsanne Chicane after the two drivers were involved in a short duel. Pier Guidi's No. 51 sister Ferrari later overtook Milner for second in category before briefly taking the class lead for himself to begin the third hour. Conway had an anxious moment when he brought the No. 7 Toyota into the pit lane to replace a rear-left tyre with two slow punctures on it. He would later reclaim the overall lead from his teammate Buemi. leading Toyota to inspect the No. 8 entry for potential rim damage. Light rain began falling on portions of the circuit after 2 hours but soon stopped. During the safety car period, several teams made pit stops. Blomqvist's No. 28 Jota entry took the LMP2 lead with Wayne Boyd's No. 23 United Autosports and James Allen's No. 65 Panis cars second and third in category after Colapinto and Job van Uitert's Racing Team Nederland cars stopped and were demoted to fourth and fifth, respectively. Dylan Pereira extended the No. 33 TF Aston Martin's gap to 75 seconds over the rest of the LMGTE Am field. Kobayashi's No. 7 Toyota was 73 seconds ahead of Hartley's No. 8 car when racing resumed with the first three overall cars separated by the safety cars. Stoffel Vandoorne and Boyd battled for the LMP2 lead; the two collided on multiple occasions before Boyd pulled away from Vandoorne in slower traffic through the Porsche Curves and Colapinto was able to challenge Vandoorne for second in class. Hartley made a pit stop in the No. 8 Toyota for a right-rear tyre replacement as a precaution because of a possible puncture and dropped farther back from the No. 7 sister car. Not long after, Colapinto lost control of the No. 26 G-Drive entry at high speed entering the Porsche Curves and hit Sophia Flörsch's No. 1 Richard Mille Racing car he was passing. As Flörsch reversed across the circuit, Tom Cloet could not react to the slow zone in time and struck the No. 1 car's side with his No. 74 Racing Team India Eurasia entry. Both drivers were unhurt. The No. 1 car was retired; Flörsch was transported to the medical centre since the vehicle's medical light had come on; tests deemed her fit. Safety cars were required for a second time because of the accidents; green flag racing resumed 21 minutes later. The penalty promoted Stevens' No. 65 Panis car to the LMP2 lead before Delétraz's No. 41 WRT entry passed it on the Mulsanne Straight. During the seventh hour, the LMGTE Am-leading Fraga's No. 33 TF Aston Martin and Egidio Perfetti's No. 56 Project 1 Porsche crashed separately but simultaneously into the first Mulsanne Chicane tyre wall, possibly because both drivers hit debris in the area. The Porsche retired because of car damage as Fraga dropped to fourth in LMGTE Am after making a pit stop for a rear splitter replacement and a right-rear puncture replacement. The safety cars were brought out for the third time for approximately half an hour. When racing resumed, Vaxivière lost control of the Alpine by locking its wheels on a damp patch in the braking zone. He beached sideways in the gravel at the first Mulsanne Chicane and required extraction. The incident promoted Derani's No. 708 Glickenhaus to third, as Vaxivière was demoted to fifth. The safety cars were dispatched for the fourth time for car recovery; racing continued almost half an hour later. Lapierre was able to return the Alpine to third overall following a short duel with Pla's No. 708 Glickenhaus in slower traffic and lapping around two seconds quicker than Pla. Cooper MacNeil lost control of the sixth-placed LMGTE Pro WeatherTech Porsche on the Ford Chicane entry kerbs and crashed into the left-hand tyre barrier, activating the medical light. MacNeil drove the car slowly into the garage, At mid-point, Kobayashi led overall ahead of his teammate Hartley. Milesi and Yifei Ye's WRT cars led LMP2, and AF Corse held sway in both the LMGTE classes. The No. 22 United Autosports vehicle's hold on third in LMP2 was relinquished to Jota's No. 28 team when it entered the garage for alternator repairs, which lasted 90 minutes. Molina subsequently ceded the No. 52 AF Corse Ferrari's hold on third place in LMGTE Pro to Estre's No. 92 Porsche because of a front-left suspension failure requiring half an hour of significant repairs by his team. The main on-track action at this point was the battle for third in LMP2 between Sean Gelael's and later Blomqvist's No. 28 Jota and Stevens' No. 65 Panis cars. began the final lap in LMP2 leading for Team WRT's No. 41 crew before a broken throttle sensor prevented him and his co-drivers from completing the final lap and achieving class victory. With eight hours remaining, one of Toyota's electronic systems engineers noticed a problem with their two cars on the telemetry fuel pressure trace system. The fuel pump filters at the tank's bottom began clogging with mix of grease from the fuel nozzle connectors and polyurethane particles from a collapsing inner fuel bladder inside the tank's fuel cell. The bladder's inner walls rubbed against each other to produce the particles when fuel levels decreased and a small vacuum which collapsed the tank. The problem was traced to the bowsers storing fuel in the pit lane being contaminated with aluminium oxide particles. The team's stints were incrementally reduced from the normal 13 laps just before two-thirds race distance. Lead systems engineer Dominique Gardener thought of a procedure for drivers to press a button on the steering wheel while braking and accelerating in and out of corners that activated a system embedded in the vehicle's electronic system that deactivated and reactivated the fuel pumps to manage fuel consumption, Buemi's No. 8 Toyota fell more than three minutes behind Kobayashi's race-leading No. 7 Toyota when he stopped briefly on the straight after Mulsanne corner to reset the car by changing multiple gear settings. In LMGTE Pro, both factory Porsches battled for third as Catsburg's No. 63 Corvette drew closer to Calado and Ledogar's No. 51 Ferrari for the category lead when Ledogar made a pit stop to change brakes. In the 21st hour, Pereira and Ben Keating were able to recover from TF Sport's earlier puncture by lapping faster than Perrodo's and Alessio Rovera's No. 83 Ferrari and moved the No. 33 Aston Martin back to the LMGTE Am lead. Hartley's second-placed No. 8 Toyota drove into the pit lane for less than two minutes to repair a malfunctioning right-hand side door. A mechanic did this using a laptop they plugged into the car. The stop dropped him a lap behind López, the overall race leader. The No. 31 WRT car relinquished the category lead they had held for 135 consecutive laps to Ye's No. 41 sister vehicle. Makowiecki's fourth-placed LMGTE Pro No. 91 Porsche braked later than expected from a loss of brake pressure into the Ford Chicane and removed the car's rear diffuser and bodywork housing after driving over a grassy hill just off the racing surface. Race control instructed Makowiecki to enter the pit lane. Rear-end repairs lasted more than five minutes, but the No. 91 car retained fourth in class. Just as he began the final lap with less than three minutes remaining, Ye's LMP2-leading No. 41 WRT car stopped down the hill past the Dunlop Bridge because of a broken throttle sensor creating an electrical short circuit that temporarily turned the engine's electronic control unit off. Frijns' No. 31 sister car inherited the LMP2 lead; he held off Blomqvist's approaching No. 28 Jota entry in slower GT traffic, Finish Kobayashi maintained the overall lead the No. 7 Toyota had held for 178 consecutive laps to finish first after 371 laps and achieve his, Conway and López's first Le Mans victory—Toyota's fourth in succession. They finished two laps over Buemi, Hartley and Nakajima's No. 8 sister car. Ferrari claimed its first victory in LMGTE Pro since with the No. 51 AF Corse car ahead of the No. 63 Corvette by 41.686 seconds after leading for the final 205 laps. ==Post-race==
Post-race
The top three teams in each class appeared on the podium to collect their trophies and spoke to the media in a later press conference. López commented the race's final hours were stressful because Toyota were coping with a fuel problem, and Kobayashi felt he and his co-drivers' losses at Le Mans strengthened their bond. Hartley revealed Toyota were concerned his team would fail to finish and was happy to finish second. Lapierre commented that Alpine expected to finish higher and acknowledged that Toyota were the faster team. Alpine team principal Philippe Sinault said the team's third-place finish was "an excellent result" and they had no reason to be disheartened. Pascal Vasselon, Toyota's technical director, said calling both its cars into the garage would have cost them victory to Alpine. Frijns said he felt WRT "did an amazing job by basically leading both cars into the night and come out unscratched. The cars were both working really amazing, we had really good pace...". He described the close finish in LMP2: "the two Toyotas were in front of me, and they were slowing down before the finish line for their photo. But the three, four cars behind them were all slowing down and I was still fighting for the win I was trying to find my way around them, and I saw the chequered flag guy a bit late but luckily everything went well...". WRT reported that after the No. 41 car was recovered from parc fermé by mechanics, the engine and ancillaries were determined to be unmarred. Catsburg was positive about finishing second in class and was pleased with the Corvette's performance, saying: "This is my third time at Le Mans, and the first two times we finished nowhere. To be in the fight right to the last lap was very cool. It went well." Antonio García said he would have preferred to have won, adding: "We were both alone so it was a one-on-one fight between Corvette and Ferrari. We were close." TF Sport owner Tom Ferrier concluded his team's car being slowed by a puncture and the resulting loss of time prevented them from challenging AF Corse close to the race's conclusion. Fraga spoke of his fear debris from Perfetti's accident would mean the Aston Martin would be retired. Conway, Kobayashi and López's victory moved them atop the Hypercar Drivers' Championship with 120 points, nine ahead of their teammates Buemi, Hartley and Nakajima and 30 points over Lapierre, Negrão and Vaxivière. Calado and Pier Guidi took the GTE Drivers' Championship lead from Estre and Jani with 124 points to the latter's 112. Toyota and Ferrari left Le Mans as the respective Hypercar and GTE Manufacturers' Championship leaders, with two rounds of the season remaining. ==Official results==
Official results
The minimum number of laps for classification at the finish (70 per cent of the overall race winner's distance) was 260 laps. Class winners are in bold. ==Championship standings after the race==
Championship standings after the race
Note: Only the top five positions are included for Drivers' Championship standings. • Note: Only the top five positions are included for the Drivers' Championship standings. ==See also==
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