According to
Mahabharata (900 BCE), the area was granted by the eldest
Pandava king,
Yudhishthira, to their teacher,
Dronacharya. Later, it passed into the hands of the
Maurya Empire and to invaders like the
Parthians and the
Kusanas, and the
Yaudheya (after they expelled Kushanas from the area between
Yamuna and
Satluj). Yodheyas was subjugated by king
Rudradaman I of the
Indo-Scythians and later by the
Gupta Empire and then by
Hunas, who were in turn overthrown by
Yashodharman of
Mandsaur and then by
Yashovarman of
Kannauj. The area was also ruled by
Harsha (590 - 467 CE) and
Gurjara-Pratihara (mid 7th century CE to 11th century). The
Tomara dynasty, who founded Dhillika in 736 CE, who were earlier tributaries of Partiharas, overthrew Partiharas. Tomaras were defeated by was defeated by defeated by Vigraharaja IV who were in turn were overthrown in 1156 CE by king
Visaladeva Chauhan of
Chauhan Dynasty. After the defeat,
Prithviraj Chauhan conquered the area of Gurgaon, Nuh, Bhiwani and Rewari in 1182 CE. However he later lost it to the
Ghurids under
Muhammad Ghori following the
Second Battle of Tarain. Following the defeat of Prithviraj Chauhan in his turn in 1192 CE, the area came under
Qutb ud-Din Aibak (1206 CE) of
Delhi Sultanate who defeated and killed Prithviraj's son Hemraj who had invaded
Mewat area from
Alwar.
Meo - who were mostly Hindu during those times - killed
Sayyid Wajih-ud-Din who had been sent by
Qutb ud-Din Aibak to subjugate the Meos. The Meos were later conquered and pacified by a nephew of Aibak called
Miran Hussain Jang who led the
Delhi Sultanate army which conquered the
Mewat region sometime between 1207-1210. Many Meo converted to
Islam, allegedly some in forced conversions. Those Meo who remained Hindus were obliged to pay the non-Muslim
military exemption tax known as the
Jizya. In 1249 CE,
Balban killed 2000 rebellious Meos. Meo rebels took away large numbers of horses from Balban's army in 1257-58 CE. In 1260 CE,
Balban retaliated by overrunning the
Mewat area once again and killing 250 Meo prisoners and slaughtering 12,000 women, children and surviving men. At the time of the
Timurid conquests in India and the invasion of
Timur in 1398 CE,
Sonpar Pal, titled
Bahadur Nahar, of the Hindu Jadu
gotra, was the prominent king of the area who constructed the fort called
Kotla Bahadur Nahar near
Kotla lake at the village of
Kotla, Nuh. Under the patronage of Delhi sultan
Firuz Shah Tughlaq, Sonpar Pal converted to
Islam with the new name
Raja Nahar Khan and became the founder of the
Khanzada Rajputs after submitting to Timur. In 1421 CE,
Khizr Khan, the
Sayyid dynasty king of Delhi, defeated Raja Nahar Khan's converted son
Jalal Khan of
Mewat and Kotla fort. When, in 1425, converted grandsons of Bahadur Nahar named Jalal Khan and Abdul Qadir (Jallu and Qaddu) revolted, they were defeated by Sultan of Delhi
Mubarak Shah (1421– 1434 CE), who overran
Mewat and killed Abdul Qadir. Jalal Khan continued the native
Mewati rebellion against the
Delhi Sultanate after
Mubarak Shah was forced to deal with
Jasrat Khokhar who had conquered the
Punjab. In 1527,
Hasan Khan Mewati, a descendant of Sonpar Pal, sided with
Rajput king
Rana Sanga and they were defeated by the invading Mughal forces of
Babur at the
Battle of Khanwa where
Hasan Khan Mewati was killed by the
Mughals, and his son
Nihad Khan, ruled Mewat as a vassal of the Mughals.
Aurangzeb sent
Jai Singh I to crush the revolting Khanzada Mewati chief
Ikram Khan. After the death of Aurangzeb,
Bahadurgarh and
Farrukhnagar in the north were under the
Baloch nawabs who were granted
jagir in 1713 CE by the Mughal king
Farrukhsiyar. The central area of Badshapur was under Hindu
Jat king
Hathi Singh Kuntal while the south including Nuh was under another
Jat king of
Bharatpur State, Maharaja
Suraj Mal. During
Maratha Empire the area was conquered by their
Christian French generals in the late 18th century and they granted Farukhnagar to
Begum Samru and Jharsa (Badshahpur) to her European husband
Walter Reinhardt Sombre. Southern areas, including Nuh, stayed under the Bharatpur king
Ranjit Singh and their vassal relatives, one of whom was
Nahar Singh. Gurgaon district was
conquered by the British in 1803. On 30 December 1803, the
Daulat Scindia signed the
Treaty of Surji-Anjangaon with the British after the
Battle of Assaye and Battle of
Laswari and ceded to the British, Hisar, Panipat, Rohtak, Rewari, Gurgaon, Ganges-Jumna Doab, the Delhi-Agra region, parts of Bundelkhand, Broach, some districts of Gujarat and the fort of Ahmmadnagar. During the 1947
Partition of India, majority of the Muslim population fled to the newly created state of
Pakistan meanwhile non-Muslim population of
West Punjab in modern
Pakistan migrated and settled in this region. Many Hindus and Sikhs from
West Punjab came and settled in this region in 1947. On 1 November 1966, when
Haryana was carved out of Punjab as a separate state, Gurgaon was already an existing district of the newly formed state of Haryana. ==Geography==