Haplogroup W

Haplogroup W is believed to have originated around 23,900 years ago in Western Asia. It is descended from the haplogroup N2. ==Distribution==

Haplogroup W is found in Europe, Western Asia, and South Asia. It is widely distributed at low frequencies, with a high concentration in Northern Pakistan. Haplogroup W is also found in the Maghreb among Algerians (1.08%-3.23%) and in Siberia among Yakuts (6/423 = 1.42%). Additionally, the clade has been observed among ancient Egyptian mummies excavated at the Abusir el-Meleq archaeological site in Middle Egypt, which date from the Ptolemaic Kingdom. The W5 subclade has been found in a fossil associated with the Starčevo culture (Lánycsók site; 1/1 or 100%). Ancient DNA analysis found that the medieval individual Sungir 6 (730-850 cal BP) belonged to the W3a1 subclade. ==Subclades==

Tree (left) and W (right). Kya in the left scale bar stands for thousand years ago. This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup W subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation Poland, Czech Republic, Slovenia, Finland, Spain, Qashqai people of Iran • W1a – Finns • W1b • W1b1 – Finns • W1-T119C • W1c – Poland, Persians from Iran • W1c1 • W1i • W1d - Iraqi Jews • W1e • W1e1 • W1e1a • W1f – Italy • W1g – England, Belgium, Portugal, Gitanos (Roma people of Spain) • W1h – Nordic countries, England, Croatia, Ashkenazi Jews • W1h1 – Italians • W-C194T • W3 - Turkey, India (Jammu and Kashmir, Tamil Nadu Turkey), France (Toulouse, Sarthe Sardinia, Sicily, Umbria, Campania, Trentino-Alto Adige), Hungary, Ukraine, Pakistan (Pashtun, • W3a1a2 - Russia (Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Andhra Pradesh Bangladesh (Bengali) • W3a1d – Hungarians, Serbia, Republika Srpska,), New Zealand), Albania, Turkey,), Iran, Kurds, Tajiks (especially Wakhis and other Pamiris), Pakistan (Burusho, Kho, Makrani), Cambodia, Uyghurs • W4 - Denmark, Poland, Italy (Sardinia,), Pakistan (Sindhis), Mongolia, United Kingdom (ancient Orkney) • W4a - England (St Mary Spital, pre-Black Death medieval London, ca. 725 years before present), Ukraine (Russian speaker from Kharkiv Oblast Sweden (Dalarna County), Iraq (Baghdad), Pakistan (Kho) • W5 - Denmark,), Morocco (Berber), Iran (Persian), United States), Canary Islands, Brazil,), Canada, Persians from Iran, Russia (North Ossetia, Belgorod Oblast), Kazakhstan, Mongolia • W6a • W6b • W6b1 – Iran, United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia • W6c – Greece, England, Ireland, Ingushetia • W6c1 – Armenians from Turkey • W6c1a – Armenians from Turkey, Kurds, Greece • W6d • W7 – Armenians • W8 – Bedouin of Israel, Yemen, Iran • W9 • W9a – Armenians from Turkey, Kurds from Turkey == Famous members ==

• Biologist Rudolf Raff was a member of haplogroup W. • Journalist and investor Laurel Touby is a member of haplogroup W3a. • Businesswoman and television host Martha Stewart belongs to haplogroup W6. == See also ==