MarketJuly 8
Company Profile

July 8

July 8 is the 189th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar; 176 days remain until the end of the year.

Events
Pre-16001167 – The Byzantines defeat the Hungarian army decisively at Sirmium, forcing the Hungarians to sue for peace. • 1283Roger of Lauria, commanding the Aragonese fleet, defeats an Angevin fleet sent to put down a rebellion on Malta. • 1497Vasco da Gama sets sail on the first direct European voyage to India. • 1579Our Lady of Kazan, a holy icon of the Russian Orthodox Church, is discovered underground in the city of Kazan, Tatarstan. 1601–19001663Charles II of England grants John Clarke a Royal charter to Rhode Island. • 1709Peter I of Russia defeats Charles XII of Sweden at the Battle of Poltava, thus effectively ending Sweden's status as a major power in Europe. • 1716 – The Battle of Dynekilen forces Sweden to abandon its invasion of Norway. • 1730 – An estimated magnitude 8.7 earthquake causes a tsunami that damages more than of Chile's coastline. • 1741 – Reverend Jonathan Edwards preaches to his congregation in Enfield, Connecticut his most famous sermon, "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God"; an influence for the First Great Awakening. • 1758 – French forces hold Fort Carillon against the British at Ticonderoga, New York. • 1760 – British forces defeat French forces in the last naval battle in New France. • 1775 – The Olive Branch Petition is signed by the Continental Congress of the Thirteen Colonies of North America. • 1776 – Church bells (possibly including the Liberty Bell) are rung after John Nixon delivers the first public reading of the Declaration of Independence of the United States. • 1822Chippewas turn over a huge tract of land in Ontario to the United Kingdom. • 1853 – The Perry Expedition arrives in Edo Bay with a treaty requesting trade. • 1859 – King Charles XV & IV accedes to the throne of Sweden–Norway. • 1864Ikedaya Incident: The Choshu Han shishis planned Shinsengumi sabotage on Kyoto, Japan at Ikedaya. • 1874 – The Mounties begin their March West. • 1876 – The Hamburg massacre prior to the 1876 United States presidential election results in the deaths of six African-Americans of the Republican Party, along with one white assailant. • 1879 – Sailing ship departs San Francisco carrying an ill-fated expedition to the North Pole. • 1889 – The first issue of The Wall Street Journal is published. • 1892St. John's, Newfoundland is devastated in the Great Fire of 1892. • 1898 – The death of crime boss Soapy Smith, killed in the Shootout on Juneau Wharf, releases Skagway, Alaska from his iron grip. 1901–present1912Henrique Mitchell de Paiva Couceiro leads an unsuccessful royalist attack against the First Portuguese Republic in Chaves. • 1932 – The Dow Jones Industrial Average reaches its lowest level of the Great Depression, closing at 41.22. • 1933 – The first rugby union test match between the Wallabies of Australia and the Springboks of South Africa is played at Newlands Stadium in Cape Town. • 1937 – Turkey, Iran, Iraq, and Afghanistan sign the Treaty of Saadabad. • 1947 – Reports are broadcast that a UFO crash-landed in Roswell, New Mexico in what became known as the Roswell UFO incident. • 1948 – The United States Air Force accepts its first female recruits into a program called the Women's Air Force (WAF). • 1960Francis Gary Powers is charged with espionage resulting from his flight over the Soviet Union. • 1962Ne Win besieges and blows up the Rangoon University Student Union building to crush the Student Movement. • 1965Canadian Pacific Air Lines Flight 21 is destroyed by a bomb near 100 Mile House, Canada, killing 52. • 1966King Mwambutsa IV Bangiriceng of Burundi is deposed by his son Prince Charles Ndizi. • 1968 – The Chrysler wildcat strike begins in Detroit, Michigan. • 1970Richard Nixon delivers a special congressional message enunciating Native American self-determination as official US Indian policy, leading to the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975. • 1972 – Israeli Mossad assassinate Palestinian writer Ghassan Kanafani. • 1980 – The inaugural 1980 State of Origin game is won by Queensland who defeat New South Wales 20–10 at Lang Park. • 1980 – Aeroflot Flight 4225 crashes near Almaty International Airport in the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic (present day Kazakhstan), killing all 166 people on board. • 1982 – A failed assassination attempt against Iraqi president Saddam Hussein results in the Dujail Massacre over the next several months. • 1988 – The Island Express train travelling from Bangalore to Kanyakumari derails on the Peruman bridge and falls into Ashtamudi Lake, Kerala in India killing 105 passengers and injuring over 200 more. • 1990West Germany win the FIFA World Cup final against defending champions Argentina, with Andreas Brehme scoring the game's only goal. • 1994Kim Jong Il begins to assume supreme leadership of North Korea upon the death of his father, Kim Il Sung. • 1994 – Space Shuttle Columbia is launched on an international science mission. • 2003Sudan Airways Flight 139 crashes near Port Sudan Airport during an emergency landing attempt, killing 116 of the 117 people on board. • 2011Space Shuttle Atlantis is launched in the final mission of the U.S. Space Shuttle program. • 2014Israel launches an offensive on Gaza amid rising tensions following the kidnapping and murder of three Israeli teenagers. • 2014 – The Brazil national football team suffers its joint-worst defeat, losing 7–1 to Germany in the semi-finals of the FIFA World Cup, in a match dubbed the Mineiraço. • 2022 – Former Japanese prime minister Shinzo Abe is shot and killed with an improvised firearm due to resentment against the Unification Church. ==Births==
Births
Pre-16001478Gian Giorgio Trissino, Italian linguist, poet, and playwright (died 1550) • 1528Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy (died 1580) • 1538Alberto Bolognetti, Roman Catholic cardinal (died 1585) • 1545Carlos, Prince of Asturias (died 1568) • 1593Artemisia Gentileschi, Italian painter (died 1653) 1601–19001621Jean de La Fontaine, French author and poet (died 1695) • 1760Christian Kramp, French mathematician and academic (died 1826) • 1766Dominique Jean Larrey, French surgeon (died 1842) • 1779Giorgio Pullicino, Maltese painter and architect (died 1851) • 1819Francis Leopold McClintock, Irish admiral and explorer (died 1907) • 1830Frederick W. Seward, American lawyer and politician, 6th United States Assistant Secretary of State (died 1915) • 1831John Pemberton, American chemist and pharmacist, invented Coca-Cola (died 1888) • 1836Joseph Chamberlain, English businessman and politician, Secretary of State for the Colonies (died 1914) • 1838Eli Lilly, American soldier, chemist, and businessman, founded Eli Lilly and Company (died 1898) • 1838 – Ferdinand von Zeppelin, German general and businessman, founded the Zeppelin Airship Company (died 1917) • 1839John D. Rockefeller, American businessman and philanthropist, founded the Standard Oil Company (died 1937) • 1851Arthur Evans, English archaeologist and academic (died 1941) • 1851 – John Murray, Australian politician, 23rd Premier of Victoria (died 1916) • 1857Alfred Binet, French psychologist and graphologist (died 1911) • 1867Käthe Kollwitz, German painter and sculptor (died 1945) • 1876Alexandros Papanastasiou, Greek sociologist and politician, Prime Minister of Greece (died 1936) • 1882Percy Grainger, Australian-American pianist and composer (died 1961) • 1885Ernst Bloch, German philosopher, author, and academic (died 1977) • 1885 – Hugo Boss, German fashion designer, founded Hugo Boss (died 1948) • 1890Stanton Macdonald-Wright, American painter (died 1973) • 1892Richard Aldington, English author and poet (died 1962) • 1892 – Pavel Korin, Russian painter (died 1967) • 1893R. Carlyle Buley, American historian and author (died 1968) • 1894Pyotr Kapitsa, Russian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1984) • 1895Igor Tamm, Russian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1971) • 1898Melville Ruick, American actor (died 1972) • 1900George Antheil, American pianist, composer, and author (died 1959) 1901–present1904Henri Cartan, French mathematician and academic (died 2008) • 1905Leonid Amalrik, Russian animator and director (died 1997) • 1906Philip Johnson, American architect, designed the IDS Center and PPG Place (died 2005) • 1907George W. Romney, American businessman and politician, 43rd Governor of Michigan (died 1995) • 1908Louis Jordan, American singer-songwriter, saxophonist, and actor (died 1975) • 1908 – Nelson Rockefeller, American businessman and politician, 41st Vice President of the United States (died 1979) • 1908 – V. K. R. Varadaraja Rao, Indian economist, politician, professor and educator (died 1991) • 1909Alan Brown, English soldier (died 1971) • 1909 – Ike Petersen, American football player (died 1995) • 1910Carlos Betances Ramírez, Puerto Rican general (died 2001) • 1911Ken Farnes, English cricketer (died 1941) • 1913Alejandra Soler, Spanish politician (died 2017) • 1914Jyoti Basu, Indian politician, 6th Chief Minister of West Bengal (died 2010) • 1914 – Billy Eckstine, American singer and trumpet player (died 1993) • 1915Neil D. Van Sickle, American Air Force major general (died 2019) • 1915 – Lowell English, United States Marine Corps general (died 2005) • 1916Jean Rouverol, American author, actress and screenwriter (died 2017) • 1917Pamela Brown, English actress (died 1975) • 1917 – Faye Emerson, American actress (died 1983) • 1917 – J. F. Powers, American novelist and short story writer (died 1999) • 1918Paul B. Fay, American businessman, soldier, and diplomat, 12th United States Secretary of the Navy (died 2009) • 1918 – Irwin Hasen, American illustrator (died 2015) • 1918 – Oluf Reed-Olsen, Norwegian resistance member and pilot (died 2002) • 1918 – Julia Pirie, British spy working for MI5 (died 2008) • 1918 – Edward B. Giller, American Air Force major general (died 2017) • 1918 – Craig Stevens, American actor (died 2000) • 1919Walter Scheel, German soldier and politician, 4th President of West Germany (died 2016) • 1920Godtfred Kirk Christiansen, Danish businessman (died 1995) • 1921John Money, New Zealand psychologist and sexologist, known for his research on gender identity, and responsible for controversial involuntary sex reassignment of David Reimer (died 2006) • 1923Harrison Dillard, American sprinter and hurdler (died 2019) • 1923 – Val Bettin, American actor (died 2021) • 1924Johnnie Johnson, American pianist and songwriter (died 2005) • 1924 – Charles C. Droz, American politician (died 2025) • 1925Marco Cé, Italian cardinal (died 2014) • 1925 – Arthur Imperatore Sr., Italian-American businessman (died 2020) • 1925 – Bill Mackrides, American football quarterback (died 2019) • 1925 – Dominique Nohain, French actor, screenwriter and director (died 2017) • 1926David Malet Armstrong, Australian philosopher and author (died 2014) • 1926 – John Dingell, American lieutenant and politician (died 2019) • 1926 – Martin Riesen, Swiss professional ice hockey goaltender (died 2003) • 1926 – Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, Swiss-American psychiatrist and author (died 2004) • 1927Maurice Hayes, Irish educator and politician (died 2017) • 1927 – Khensur Lungri Namgyel, Tibetan religious leader • 1927 – Bob Beckham, American country singer (died 2013) • 1928Balakh Sher Mazari, former prime minister of Pakistan (died 2022) • 1930Jerry Vale, American singer (died 2014) • 1933Antonio Lamer, Canadian lawyer and politician, 16th Chief Justice of Canada (died 2007) • 1934Raquel Correa, Chilean journalist (died 2012) • 1934 – Edward D. DiPrete, American politician, 70th Governor of Rhode Island (died 2025) • 1934 – Marty Feldman, English actor and screenwriter (died 1982) • 1935John David Crow, American football player and coach (died 2015) • 1935 – Steve Lawrence, American actor and singer (died 2024) • 1935 – Vitaly Sevastyanov, Russian engineer and cosmonaut (died 2010) • 1938Diane Clare, English actress (died 2013) • 1939Ed Lumley, Canadian businessman and politician, 8th Canadian Minister of Communications (died 2025) • 1940Joe B. Mauldin, American bass player and songwriter (died 2015) • 1941Dario Gradi, Italian-English footballer, coach, and manager • 1942Phil Gramm, American economist and politician • 1944Jaimoe, American drummer • 1944 – Jeffrey Tambor, American actor and singer • 1945Micheline Calmy-Rey, Swiss politician, 91st President of the Swiss Confederation1947Kim Darby, American actress • 1947 – Jenny Diski, English author and screenwriter (died 2016) • 1947 – Luis Fernando Figari, Peruvian religious leader, founded the Sodalitium Christianae Vitae1948Raffi, Egyptian-Canadian singer-songwriter • 1948 – Ruby Sales, American civil-rights activist • 1949Wolfgang Puck, Austrian-American chef, restaurateur and entrepreneur • 1949 – Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy, Indian politician, 14th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh (died 2009) • 1951Alan Ashby, American baseball player, manager, and sportscaster • 1951 – Anjelica Huston, American actress and director • 1952Larry Garner, American singer-songwriter and guitarist • 1952 – Jack Lambert, American football player and sportscaster • 1952 – Marianne Williamson, American author and activist • 1956Terry Puhl, Canadian baseball player and coach • 1957Carlos Cavazo, Mexican-American guitarist and songwriter • 1957 – Aleksandr Gurnov, Russian journalist and author • 1958Kevin Bacon, American actor and musician • 1958 – Andreas Carlgren, Swedish educator and politician, 8th Swedish Minister for the Environment • 1958 – Tzipi Livni, Israeli lawyer and politician, 18th Justice Minister of Israel1959Pauline Quirke, English actress • 1960Mal Meninga, Australian rugby league player and coach • 1961Ces Drilon, Filipino journalist • 1961 – Andrew Fletcher, English keyboard player (died 2022) • 1961 – Toby Keith, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actor (died 2024) • 1961 – Karl Seglem, Norwegian saxophonist and record producer • 1962Joan Osborne, American singer-songwriter and guitarist • 1963Mark Christopher, American director and screenwriter • 1964Alexei Gusarov, Russian ice hockey player and manager • 1965Dan Levinson, American clarinet player, saxophonist, and bandleader • 1966Ralf Altmeyer, German-Chinese virologist and academic • 1966 – Shadlog Bernicke, Nauruan politician • 1967Jordan Chan, Hong Kong actor and singer • 1967 – Charlie Cardona, Colombian singer • 1968Billy Crudup, American actor • 1968 – Shane Howarth, New Zealand rugby player and coach • 1969Sugizo, Japanese singer-songwriter, guitarist and producer • 1970Beck, American singer-songwriter and producer • 1970 – Mark Butler, Australian politician • 1970 – Sylvain Gaudreault, Canadian educator and politician • 1970 – Todd Martin, American tennis player and coach • 1971Neil Jenkins, Welsh rugby player and coach • 1972Karl Dykhuis, Canadian ice hockey player • 1972 – Sourav Ganguly, Indian cricketer • 1972 – Shōsuke Tanihara, Japanese actor • 1973Kathleen Robertson, Canadian actress and writer • 1974Hu Liang, Chinese field hockey player • 1976Talal El Karkouri, Moroccan footballer • 1976 – Ellen MacArthur, English sailor • 1977Christian Abbiati, Italian footballer • 1977 – Paolo Tiralongo, Italian cyclist • 1977 – Milo Ventimiglia, American actor, director, and producer • 1977 – Wang Zhizhi, Chinese basketball player • 1978 – Urmas Rooba, Estonian footballer • 1979Mat McBriar, American football player • 1979 – Ben Jelen, Scottish-American singer-songwriter • 1980Eric Chouinard, American-Canadian ice hockey player • 1980 – Robbie Keane, Irish footballer • 1981Wolfram Müller, German runner • 1981 – Anastasia Myskina, Russian tennis player • 1982Shonette Azore-Bruce, Barbadian netball player • 1982 – Sophia Bush, American actress and director • 1982 – Hakim Warrick, American basketball player • 1983John Bowker, American baseball player • 1983 – Rich Peverley, Canadian ice hockey player • 1986Renata Costa, Brazilian footballer • 1987Josh Harrison, American baseball player • 1988Miki Roqué, Spanish footballer (died 2012) • 1988 – Jesse Sergent, New Zealand cyclist • 1989Yarden Gerbi, Israeli Judo champion • 1989 – Tor Marius Gromstad, Norwegian footballer (died 2012) • 1990Kevin Trapp, German footballer • 1991Virgil van Dijk, Dutch footballer • 1992Ariel Camacho, Mexican singer-songwriter (died 2015) • 1992 – Son Heung-min, Korean footballer • 1993David Corenswet, American actor • 1996Marlon Humphrey, American football player • 1997Bryce Love, American football player • 1998Maya Hawke, American actress • 1998 – Jaden Smith, American actor and rapper • 1999İpek Öz, Turkish tennis player ==Deaths==
Deaths
Pre-1600689Kilian, Irish bishop810Pepin of Italy, son of Charlemagne (born 773) • 873Gunther, archbishop of Cologne900Qatr al-Nada, wife of the Abbasid caliph al-Mu'tadid • 901Grimbald, French-English monk and saint (born 827) • 975Edgar the Peaceful, English king (born 943) • 1153Pope Eugene III (born 1087) • 1253Theobald I of Navarre (born 1201) • 1261Adolf IV of Holstein, Count of Schauenburg • 1390Albert of Saxony, Bishop of Halberstadt and German philosopher (born circa 1320) • 1538Diego de Almagro, Spanish general and explorer (born 1475) 1601–19001623Pope Gregory XV (born 1554) • 1689Edward Wooster, English-American settler (born 1622) • 1695Christiaan Huygens, Dutch mathematician, astronomer, and physicist (born 1629) • 1716Robert South, English preacher and theologian (born 1634) • 1721Elihu Yale, American-English merchant and philanthropist (born 1649) • 1784Torbern Bergman, Swedish chemist and mineralogist (born 1735) • 1794Richard Mique, French architect (born 1728) • 1823Henry Raeburn, Scottish portrait painter (born 1756) • 1822Percy Bysshe Shelley, English poet and playwright (born 1792) • 1850Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge (born 1774) • 1859Oscar I of Sweden (born 1799) • 1873Franz Xaver Winterhalter, German painter and lithographer (born 1805) • 1887Ben Holladay, American businessman (born 1819) • 1895Johann Josef Loschmidt, Austrian chemist and physicist (born 1821) 1901–present1905Walter Kittredge, American violinist and composer (born 1834) • 1913Louis Hémon, French-Canadian author (born 1880) • 1917Tom Thomson, Canadian painter (born 1877) • 1921Ellen Oliver (suffragette), British suffragette and purity activist (born 1870) • 1930Joseph Ward, Australian-New Zealand businessman and politician, 17th Prime Minister of New Zealand (born 1856) • 1933Anthony Hope, English author and playwright (born 1863) • 1934Benjamin Baillaud, French astronomer and academic (born 1848) • 1939Havelock Ellis, English psychologist and author (born 1859) • 1941Moses Schorr, Polish rabbi, historian, and politician (born 1874) • 1942Louis Franchet d'Espèrey, Algerian-French general (born 1856) • 1942 – Refik Saydam, Turkish physician and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Turkey (born 1881) • 1943Jean Moulin, French soldier and leader of the French Resistance (born 1899) • 1950Othmar Spann, Austrian sociologist, economist, and philosopher (born 1878) • 1952August Alle, Estonian lawyer, author, and poet (born 1890) • 1956Giovanni Papini, Italian journalist, author, and critic (born 1881) • 1965Thomas Sigismund Stribling, American lawyer and author (born 1881) • 1967Vivien Leigh, British actress (born 1913) • 1968Désiré Mérchez, French swimmer and water polo player (born 1882) • 1971Kurt Reidemeister, German mathematician connected to the Vienna Circle (born 1893) • 1972Ghassan Kanafani, Palestinian writer and politician (born 1936) • 1973Gene L. Coon, American screenwriter and producer (born 1924) • 1973 – Ben-Zion Dinur, Russian-Israeli educator and politician, 4th Education Minister of Israel (born 1884) • 1973 – Wilfred Rhodes, English cricketer and coach (born 1877) • 1979Sin-Itiro Tomonaga, Japanese physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1906) • 1979 – Michael Wilding, English actor (born 1912) • 1979 – Robert Burns Woodward, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1917) • 1981 – Joe McDonnell (hunger striker), Irish Republican Army member (born 1951) • 1981Bill Hallahan, American baseball player (born 1902) • 1985Phil Foster, American actor and screenwriter (born 1913) • 1985 – Jean-Paul Le Chanois, French actor, director, and screenwriter (born 1909) • 1986Skeeter Webb, American baseball player and manager (born 1909) • 1987Lionel Chevrier, Canadian lawyer and politician, 27th Canadian Minister of Justice (born 1903) • 1987 – Gerardo Diego, Spanish poet and author (born 1896) • 1988Ray Barbuti, American runner and football player (born 1905) • 1990Howard Duff, American actor (born 1913) • 1991James Franciscus, American actor (born 1934) • 1993Abul Hasan Jashori, Bangladeshi Islamic scholar and freedom fighter (born 1918) • 1994Christian-Jaque, French director and screenwriter (born 1904) • 1994 – Kim Il Sung, North Korean commander and politician, President of North Korea (born 1912) • 1994 – Lars-Eric Lindblad, Swedish-American businessman and explorer (born 1927) • 1994 – Dick Sargent, American actor (born 1930) • 1996Irene Prador, Austrian-born actress and writer (born 1911) • 1998Lilí Álvarez, Spanish tennis player, author, and feminist (born 1905) • 1999Pete Conrad, American captain, pilot, and astronaut. Third man to walk on the moon. (born 1930) • 2001John O'Shea, New Zealand director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1920) • 2002Ward Kimball, American animator and trombonist (born 1914) • 2004Paula Danziger, American author and educator (born 1944) • 2005Maurice Baquet, French actor and cellist (born 1911) • 2006June Allyson, American actress and singer (born 1917) • 2007Chandra Shekhar, Indian lawyer and politician, 9th Prime Minister of India (born 1927) • 2007 – Jack B. Sowards, American screenwriter and producer (born 1929) • 2008John Templeton, American-born British businessman and philanthropist (born 1912) • 2009Midnight, American singer-songwriter (born 1962) • 2011Roberts Blossom, American actor and poet (born 1924) • 2011 – Betty Ford, 38th First Lady of the United States (born 1918) • 2012Muhammed bin Saud Al Saud, Saudi Arabian politician (born 1934) • 2012 – Ernest Borgnine, American actor (born 1917) • 2012 – Gyang Dalyop Datong, Nigerian physician and politician (born 1959) • 2012 – Martin Pakledinaz, American costume designer (born 1953) • 2013Dick Gray, American baseball player (born 1931) • 2013 – Edmund Morgan, American historian and author (born 1916) • 2013 – Claudiney Ramos, Brazilian footballer (born 1980) • 2013 – Rubby Sherr, American physicist and academic (born 1913) • 2013 – Sundri Uttamchandani, Indian author (born 1924) • 2013 – Brett Walker, American songwriter and producer (born 1961) • 2014Plínio de Arruda Sampaio, Brazilian lawyer and politician (born 1930) • 2014 – John V. Evans, American soldier and politician, 27th Governor of Idaho (born 1925) • 2014 – Ben Pangelinan, Guamanian businessman and politician (born 1956) • 2014 – Howard Siler, American bobsledder and coach (born 1945) • 2014 – Tom Veryzer, American baseball player (born 1953) • 2015Ken Stabler, American football player and sportscaster (born 1945) • 2015 – James Tate, American poet (born 1943) • 2016Abdul Sattar Edhi, Pakistani philanthropist (born 1928) • 2018Tab Hunter, American actor, pop singer, film producer and author (born 1931) • 2020Naya Rivera, American actress, model and singer (born 1987) • 2020 – Alex Pullin, Australian snowboarder (born 1987) • 2022Shinzo Abe, Japanese politician (born 1954) • 2022 – Larry Storch, American actor and comedian (born 1923) • 2022 – Luis Echeverría, Mexican lawyer and politician (born 1922) • 2022 – Tony Sirico, American actor (born 1942) • 2025Edward D. DiPrete, American politician, 70th Governor of Rhode Island • 2025 – Paulette Jiles, American writer (born 1943) ==Holidays and observances==
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