Timeline of architecture

• 2026 – The Sagrada Família is expected to be finished. • 2025 – Universal Epic Universe opened in Orlando, Florida. • 2024 – The Arch of Reunification in North Korea is demolished. • 2023 – The Richard Gilder Center for Science, Education, and Innovation at the American Museum of Natural History in New York City designed by Studio Gang opened to the public. • 2022 – 1915 Çanakkale Bridge in Turkey, the longest suspension bridge in the world, is completed. • 2021 – Central Park Tower in New York City, the tallest residential building in the world, is completed. • 2020 – Torres Obispado in Monterrey, Mexico the tallest skyscraper in Latin America, completed. ==2010s==

• 2019 – Notre-Dame fire • 2017 – Apple's new headquarters Apple Park, designed by Norman Foster, opened in Cupertino, California. • 2016 – MahaNakhon opens in Bangkok, Zaha Hadid dies. • 2015 – Shanghai Tower in Shanghai, the tallest building in China and the second-tallest building in the world, gets completed, Charles Correa dies. • 2014 – One World Trade Center opens in New York City. • 2013 – Gran Torre Santiago is completed in Santiago. • 2012 – The Tokyo Skytree opens in Tokyo, The Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park is open in London for the 2012 Summer Olympics, Oscar Niemeyer dies. • 2011 – Al Hamra Tower, the tallest skyscraper in Kuwait, is completed. • 2010 – Burj Khalifa became the tallest man-made structure in the world, at . ==2000s==

• 2009 – CityCenter opens on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada. This project is the largest privately funded construction project in the history of the United States. • 2008 – "Water Cube", "Bird's Nest", South railway station, and other buildings in Beijing, completed for the 2008 Summer Olympics. • 2007 – Tarald Lundevall completes the Oslo Opera House in Oslo, Norway. • 2006 – Construction begins on the Freedom Tower, on the site of the former World Trade Center. • 2005 – Casa da Música opens in Porto, Portugal, designed by the Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas with Office for Metropolitan Architecture. • 2004 – 30 St Mary Axe (also known as "the Gherkin" and the Swiss Re Building), designed by Norman Foster, completed in the City of London. • 2003 – Taipei 101, designed by C.Y. Lee & Partners the world's tallest building from 2004 to 2010 is topped out. • 2002 – Simmons Hall dormitory, designed by architect Steven Holl, completed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. • 2001 – Jewish Museum Berlin designed by Daniel Libeskind opens to the public. • 2000 – The Emirates Towers are both completed in Dubai, The London Eye is open in London. ==1990s==

• 1999 – Jewish Museum Berlin, designed by Daniel Libeskind is completed. • 1998 – Petronas Twin Towers, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, designed by César Pelli completed (world tallest building 1998–2004). Kiasma Museum of Contemporary Art by Steven Holl opens to public. • 1997 – Guggenheim Museum Bilbao designed by Frank Gehry. Sky Tower (Auckland) completed. • 1996 – Oscar Niemeyer completes the Niterói Contemporary Art Museum in Brazil. • 1996 – Aronoff Center for Design and Art, University of Cincinnati completed by Peter Eisenman. • 1995 – Steven Holl Architects begin construction of St. Ignatius Chapel at Seattle University. • 1994 – Building of the Basel Signal Box by Herzog and de Meuron • 1993 – The Umeda Sky Building in Osaka City, Japan is completed. • 1992 – The Bank of America Corporate Center in Charlotte, North Carolina is completed. • 1991 – Stansted Airport terminal building in Essex, England, designed by Norman Foster, is completed. • 1990 – Frederick Weisman Museum of Art, University of Minnesota completed by Frank Gehry. ==1980s==

• 1989 – I. M. Pei's pyramid addition to the Louvre is opened. • 1988 – MOMA Exhibition called Deconstructivist architecture opens. • 1987 – The Riga Radio & TV Tower in Riga, Latvia is completed. • 1986 – The Lloyd's Building in London, designed by Richard Rogers, is completed. • 1985 – The HSBC Headquarters Building in Hong Kong, China by Norman Foster, is completed. • 1984 – Philip Johnson's AT&T Building opens in New York City • 1983 – Xanadu House in Kissimmee opened. • 1982 – Design competition is held for the Parc de la Villette in Paris. • 1981 – Richard Serra installs Tilted Arc in the Federal Plaza in New York City. The sculpture is removed in 1989. • 1980 – Santa Monica Place constructed by Frank Gehry. ==1970s==

• 1979 – Charles Moore designs the Piazza d'Italia in New Orleans. • 1978 – United Nations City in Vienna, Austria is completed. • 1977 – The Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris, designed by Renzo Piano, Richard Rogers and Gianfranco Franchini, is opened. • 1976 – The Barbican Estate, designed by Chamberlin, Powell and Bon, opens in the City of London. • 1976 – The CN Tower in Toronto opens as the tallest freestanding structure on land. • 1975 – Completion of the Seoul Tower in Seoul, South Korea. • 1974 – National Assembly Building in Dhaka, Bangladesh is completed. • 1973 – The World Trade Center towers, designed by Minoru Yamasaki, are opened in New York. • 1972 – The Transamerica Pyramid in San Francisco, California, designed by William Pereira, is completed. • 1971 – Rothko Chapel in Houston, Texas, designed by Mark Rothko and Philip Johnson is completed. • 1970 – Construction begins on the Sears Tower in Chicago, designed by Bruce Graham and Fazlur Khan (of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill). ==1960s==

• 1969 – Fernsehturm Berlin opens. Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Walter Gropius die. • 1968 – Mies van der Rohe's New National Gallery in Berlin finished. • 1967 – Expo 67 in Montreal features the American pavilion, a geodesic dome designed by Buckminster Fuller, and the Habitat 67 housing complex designed by Moshe Safdie. • 1966 – The Gateway Arch by Eero Saarinen is finished in St. Louis, Missouri. • 1965 – NASA's Cape Canaveral VAB, the Niagara Skylon Tower, Philadelphia's LOVE Park, the Tel Aviv Shalom Meir tower and the Salk Institute all open. • 1964 – The Unisphere heads New York World's Fair. • 1963 – The Palace of Assembly at Chandigarh, India, is finished. • 1962 – Orinda Orinda House & by Charles W. Moore is completed. • 1962 – Seattle Space Needle & TWA Terminal by Saarinen at JFK are opened. • 1961 – Louis Kahn finishes the Richards Medical Building at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. • 1960 – Lucio Costa & Oscar Niemeyer plan buildings of Brasília, new capital of Brazil. The Television Centre for the BBC is opened in London. ==1950s==

• 1959 – Frank Lloyd Wright's Guggenheim Museum in New York City is finished after 16 years of work on the project. • 1958 – The Seagram Building in New York designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Philip Johnson is completed. • 1957 – The Interbau 57 exposition in Berlin features structures by Alvar Aalto, Walter Gropius and his The Architects' Collaborative (TAC), and an unité by Le Corbusier. • 1956 – Crown Hall at the Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, designed by Mies van der Rohe, is finished. • 1955 – Completion of Le Corbusier's Notre Dame du Haut chapel at Ronchamp, France and Disneyland (the world's first theme park) in Anaheim, California. • 1954 – Louis Kahn finishes his Yale University Art Gallery in New Haven, Connecticut, US. • 1953 – Completion of the United Nations Headquarters in New York by a design team headed by Wallace Harrison and Max Abramowitz. • 1952 – Le Corbusier completes his Unité d'Habitation in Marseille. • 1951 – Mies van der Rohe's Lake Shore Drive Apartments completed in Chicago. • 1950 – Eames House completed in Santa Monica, California, designed by Charles and Ray Eames. ==1940s==

• 1949 – Glass House in New Canaan, Connecticut designed by Philip Johnson. • 1948 – Pietro Belluschi completes the Equitable Building in Portland, Oregon. • 1947 – Alvar Aalto builds the Baker House dormitories at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. • 1946 – Le Corbusier draws up plans for La Rochelle-La Pallice, while his efforts to redesign Saint-Dié-des-Vosges (both cities in France) are foiled. • 1945 – John Entenza launches the Case Study Houses Program through his post as editor of Arts & Architecture magazine. • 1944 – Frank Lloyd Wright builds the research tower for his Johnson Wax Headquarters in Racine, Wisconsin. • 1943 – Oscar Niemeyer completes his Pampulha project in Brazil. • 1942 – Vichy rejects Le Corbusier's Obus E plan for Algiers. • 1941 – Australian War Memorial in Canberra, Australia, completed. • 1940 – Peter Behrens dies. ==1930s==

• 1939 – The 1939 World's Fair in New York includes the Finnish Pavilion by Alvar Aalto and the Brazilian Pavilion by Lucio Costa and Oscar Niemeyer. • 1938 – Frank Lloyd Wright purchases of land 26 miles away from Phoenix, and begins to build Taliesin West, his winter home, in Scottsdale, Arizona, US • 1937 – Wright completes his house Fallingwater, at Bear Run, Pennsylvania. • 1936 – Frank Lloyd Wright designs his monumental inward-looking Johnson Wax Headquarters in Racine, Wisconsin, US. • 1935 – Cass Gilbert's United States Supreme Court Building is posthumously finished. • 1934 – Frank Lloyd Wright draws up plans for his Broadacre City, a decentralized urban metropolis. • 1933 – The Bauhaus closes under Nazi pressure. • 1932 – The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in New York holds its exhibition on modern architecture, coining the term "International Style." • 1931 – The Empire State Building, designed by Shreve, Lamb and Harmon, becomes the tallest building in the world. • 1930 – William Van Alen completes the Chrysler Building, an Art Deco skyscraper in New York City, US. ==1920s==

• 1929 – Barcelona Pavilion designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. • 1929 – Villa Savoye designed by Le Corbusier. • 1928 – Hector Guimard builds his last house in Paris. • 1927 – The Weissenhof Estate, an exhibition of apartment houses designed by leading modern architects, held at Stuttgart, Germany. • 1926 – Bauhaus Dessau building, designed by Walter Gropius, opened. Antoni Gaudí and Louis Majorelle die. • 1925 – Government House of Thailand, in Bangkok, opened • 1924 – Gerrit Rietveld completes the Schröder House in Utrecht. • 1923 – Le Corbusier publishes Vers une architecture (Toward an Architecture), a summary of his ideas. • 1922 – Monument to the Third International designed by Vladimir Tatlin (unbuilt). • 1921 – Frank Lloyd Wright completes his Hollyhock House for Aline Barnsdall in Los Angeles, begun in 1917. • 1920 – The Einstein Tower in Potsdam, designed by Erich Mendelsohn, is completed. ==1910s==

• 1919 – Bauhaus design school founded in Weimar, Germany • 1918 – Birth of Jørn Utzon, designer of the Sydney Opera House. • 1917 – Georges Biet's Art Nouveau house and apartment building in Nancy, Meurthe-et-Moselle is severely damaged by combat shells, but will be rebuilt nearly exactly as before in 1922. • 1916 – De Stijl movement founded in the Netherlands. • 1915 – Le Corbusier completes studies for his Dom-ino Houses. • 1914 – Walter Gropius designs his Fagus Factory. • 1913 – Cass Gilbert completes the Woolworth Building in New York. • 1912 – Frank Lloyd Wright begins work on the Avery Coonley Playhouse, Riverside, Illinois. • 1911 – Josef Hoffmann completes the Stoclet Palace in Brussels. • 1910 – Gaudí finishes the Casa Milà in Barcelona. ==1900s==

• 1909 – Frank Lloyd Wright completes the Robie House near Chicago. • 1908 – Adolf Loos publishes his essay "Ornament and Crime". • 1907 – Gaudí completes the Casa Batlló in Barcelona. • 1906 – Lucien Weissenburger completes his own house, a striking example of the Art Nouveau style in Nancy, Meurthe-et-Moselle. • 1905 – Wright designs Unity Temple in Oak Park, Illinois. • 1904 – Otto Wagner completes his Post Office Savings Bank Building in Vienna. • 1903 – Josef Hoffmann finishes the Moser House in Vienna. • 1902 – Otto Wagner's Viennese Stadtbahn railway system is completed. • 1901 – John McArthur Jr., completes the Second Empire-style Philadelphia City Hall, the world's tallest masonry building. • 1900 – The Gare d'Orsay, later the famous Musée d'Orsay, is built in Paris by Victor Laloux. ==1890s==

• 1899 – Hector Guimard is commissioned to design the edicules for the Paris Métropolitain, which have become a hallmark of Art Nouveau design. • 1898 – Victor Horta designs his own house, later the Horta Museum. • 1897 – Hendrik Berlage designs his Amsterdam Stock Exchange. • 1896 – Eugène Vallin completes his own house and studio in Nancy (France), which is the first of many Art Nouveau structures built there by the members of the École de Nancy. • 1895 – The Biltmore Estate, the largest house in the US, is completed for the Vanderbilt family in Asheville, North Carolina. • 1894 – Louis Sullivan builds the Guaranty Building in Buffalo, NY, US. • 1893 – Victor Horta builds what is widely considered the first full-fledged Art Nouveau structure, the Hôtel Tassel, in Brussels. • 1892 – Birth of Modernist architect Richard Neutra. • 1891 – Louis Sullivan completes his Wainwright Building in Saint Louis. • 1890 – Louis Sullivan and Dankmar Adler build the Auditorium Building in Chicago. ==1880s==

• 1889 – The 1889 Paris exhibition showcases some of the new technologies of iron, steel, and glass, including the Eiffel Tower. • 1888 – The Exposición Universal de Barcelona (1888) displays many buildings by Lluís Domènech i Montaner and other Catalan architects. • 1887 – H. H. Richardson's Marshall Field Store in Chicago is completed. • 1886 – Birth of Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. • 1885 – William Le Baron Jenney builds the first metal-frame skyscraper, the Home Insurance Building, in Chicago. • 1884 – Gaudí is given the commission for the Sagrada Família church in Barcelona, which he will work on until 1926. • 1883 – Antoni Gaudí completes his Casa Vicens in Barcelona. • 1881 – The Natural History Museum in London opens. • 1880 – Cologne Cathedral is finally completed after 632 years. ==1870s==

• 1879 – Louis Sullivan joins Dankmar Adler's firm in Chicago. • 1878 – Work begins on the Herrenchiemsee in Bavaria, designed by Georg Dollman. Death of Sir George Gilbert Scott. • 1877 – St Pancras railway station in London, by Sir George Gilbert Scott, is completed. • 1876 – Construction is finished on the Bayreuth Festspielhaus, designed by Gottfried Semper. • 1875 – The Opéra Garnier is completed in Paris. • 1874 – Completion of the California State Capitol in Sacramento, California. • 1873 – Scots' Church in Melbourne, Australia is finished. • 1872 – The Albert Memorial in London, designed by Sir George Gilbert Scott, is opened. • 1871 – The Great Chicago Fire destroys most of the city, sparking a building boom there; The Royal Albert Hall is completed in London. • 1870 – Birth of Adolf Loos. ==1860s==

• 1869 – Birth of Georges Biet. • 1868 – Birth of Peter Behrens and Charles Rennie Mackintosh. • 1868 – The Gyeongbokgung of Korea is reconstructed. • 1867 – Birth of Frank Lloyd Wright. William Le Baron Jenney opens his architectural practice in Chicago. • 1866 – Completion of the St Pancras Hotel in London by Sir George Gilbert Scott. • 1865 – Birth of French architect Paul Charbonnier. • 1864 – Birth of French Art Nouveau architect Jules Lavirotte. • 1863 – United States Capitol building dome in Washington, D.C., is completed. • 1862 – Construction begins on Henri Labrouste's reading room at the Bibliothèque Nationale de France (site Richelieu). • 1861 – Birth of Victor Horta. • 1860 – Construction on Longwood, the largest octagonal residence in the US, is begun in Natchez, Mississippi. ==1850s==

• 1859 – Birth of Louis Majorelle and Cass Gilbert. • 1858 – The competition to design Central Park in New York is won by Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux. • 1857 – Founding of the American Institute of Architects. • 1856 – Louis Sullivan and Eugène Vallin are born. • 1855 – The Palais d'Industrie is built for the World's Fair in Paris. • 1854 – • 1853 – Baron Haussmann becomes prefect of the Seine '''' and begins his vast urban renovations of Paris. • 1852 – Birth of Antoni Gaudí. • 1851 – The Crystal Palace designed by Joseph Paxton. • 1850 – Lluis Domènech í Montaner and John W. Root are born. ==1840s==

• 1849 – John Ruskin's The Seven Lamps of Architecture is published. • 1848 – Construction begins on the Washington Monument in Washington, D.C., though it will not be completed until 1885. • 1847 – 24 August, birth of Charles Follen McKim (died 1909). • 1846 – 4 September, birth of Daniel Burnham of the firm Burnham and Root. • 1845 – Trafalgar Square in London, designed by Charles Barry and John Nash, is completed. • 1844 – Uspensky Cathedral in Kharkiv, Ukraine is completed. • 1843 – Construction begins on Henri Labrouste's Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève in Paris. • 1842 – The Église de la Madeleine is finally consecrated in Paris as a church. • 1841 – Birth of Otto Wagner. • 1840 – Construction begins on the Houses of Parliament in London, designed by Sir Charles Barry and Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin. ==1830s==

• 1839 – Birth of Frank Furness in Philadelphia. • 1838 – Rideau Hall is built by Scottish architect Thomas McKay. • 1837 – The Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) is founded. • 1836 – A.W.N. Pugin publishes his Contrasts, a treatise on the morality of Catholic, Gothic architecture. • 1835 – The New Orleans Mint, Dahlonega Mint, and Charlotte Mint are all designed by William Strickland and begin producing. coins in three years. • 1834 – Alfred B. Mullet, designer of both the San Francisco and the Carson City Mints in the US, is born in Britain. • 1833 – William Strickland completes the first Philadelphia Mint building. • 1832 – Birth of William Le Baron Jenney. • 1830 – The Altes Museum in Berlin, designed by Karl Friedrich Schinkel, is completed after seven years of construction. ==1820s==